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Optoacoustic Spectroscopy and Detection discusses the fundamental principles and practice of optoacoustic spectroscopy. This book serves as a basis for evaluation of the feasibility of using such techniques in specific instances. Organized into eight chapters, this book starts with an overview of the detection and identification of gas contaminants, which is necessary to understand the physical description of the generation and measurement of the optoacoustic signal. This text then provides an understanding of the optoacoustic effect on a molecular scale and describes the energy transfer processes and estimates of the lifetimes of vibrationally excited states. Other chapters consider the options available to the researcher in the selection of optoacoustic system design. This book discusses as well the capabilities and limitations of various optoacoustic system designs. The final chapter deals with the technique used for exploring the absorption spectra of substances, including powders, gels, adsorbed films, and organic tissues. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students engaged in the study of optoacoustic spectroscopy.
The optoacoustic method has by now an almost one-centurY-long history of appl ication in spectroscopy, but it was only with the advent of the laser that it became a convenient and effective method among the vast family of spectroscopy techniques. The great variety of these techniques is capable of tackling most diversified tasks, such as the achievement of a high sensitiv ity and a high spectral or temporal resolution. The optoacoustic method is one of the simplest and most versatile ways to attain a high sensitivity for both gaseous and condensed media. It is precisely for this reason that the method has found wide use, and that we have decided to publish a mono graph reviewing the information on this method available in the literature and gathered by us at the Institute of Spectroscopy during the past few years. We hope that such a systematic exposition of the material scattered throughout numerous scientific journals will be of use to many potential readers. The reader will undoubtedly notice the absence in our monograph of references to some recent works, but unfortunately, this is inevitable when the translation and publication of a book in a foreign language takes sev eral years. Nevertheless, we tried our best to cover the entire field from the material available to us, but unfortunately, some recent publications might be missing due to the time lag for the translation and publication in a language foreign to us.
Photoacoustics promises to revolutionize medical imaging and may well make as dramatic a contribution to modern medicine as the discovery of the x-ray itself once did. Combining electromagnetic and ultrasonic waves synergistically, photoacoustics can provide deep speckle-free imaging with high electromagnetic contrast at high ultrasonic resolution and without any health risk. While photoacoustic imaging is probably the fastest growing biomedical imaging technology, this book is the first comprehensive volume in this emerging field covering both the physics and the remarkable noninvasive applications that are changing diagnostic medicine. Bringing together the leading pioneers in this field to write about their own work, Photoacoustic Imaging and Spectroscopy is the first to provide a full account of the latest research and developing applications in the area of biomedical photoacoustics. Photoacoustics can provide functional sensing of physiological parameters such as the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin. It can also provide high-contrast functional imaging of angiogenesis and hypermetabolism in tumors in vivo. Discussing these remarkable noninvasive applications and so much more, this reference is essential reading for all researchers in medical imaging and those clinicians working at the cutting-edge of modern biotechnology to develop diagnostic techniques that can save many lives and just as importantly do no harm.
History of photoacoustics. Theory of pas of gases. Gas pas systems. Radiation sources. Photoacoustic spectroscopy of gases. Deexcitation studies in gases. Other gas pas experiments. General theory of the photoacoustic effect in condensed media: the gas-microphone signal. General theory of the photoacoustic effect in condensed media: the piezoelectric signal. Photoacoustic theory made easy. Photoacoustic spectrometers for condensed samples. Photoacoustic experiments with liquids. Spectroscopy studies. Chemical studies. Surface studies. Studies in biology. Studies in medicine. Deexcitation processes in condensed media. Thermal processes. Depht-profiling and tickness measurements. Experiments at low temperatures. Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM).
Photoacoustic and Photothermal Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications introduces the basic principles, instrumentation and major developments in the many applications of Photoacoustic and Photothermal Spectroscopy over the last three decades. The book explains the processes of sound generation by periodic optical excitation and ultrasonic generation by pulsed laser excitation and describes the workings of photoacoustic cells equipped with microphones and piezoelectric transducers. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is one of the fastest-growing imaging modalities of recent times. It combines the advantages of ultrasound and optical imaging techniques. These non-invasive and non-destructive techniques offer many benefits to users by enabling spectroscopy of opaque and inhomogeneous materials, (solid, liquid, powder, gel, gases) without any sample preparation, and more. Written in a non-mathematical, simple-to-read manner Presents recent developments in the field, along with the scope of future progress, including up-to-date references Includes detailed illustrations, such as equipment layout, spectra, experimental setups, tables, photographs, and more
Advances in Spectroscopic Monitoring of the Atmosphere provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge technologies and monitoring applications. Concepts are illustrated by numerous examples with information on spectroscopic techniques and applications widely distributed throughout the text. This information is important for researchers to gain an overview of recent developments in the field and make informed selections among the most suitable techniques. This volume also provides information that will allow researchers to explore implementing and developing new diagnostic tools or new approaches for trace gas and aerosol sensing themselves. Advances in Spectroscopic Monitoring of the Atmosphere covers advanced and newly emerging spectroscopic techniques for optical metrology of gases and particles in the atmosphere. This book will be a valuable reference for atmospheric scientists, including those whose focus is applying the methods to atmospheric studies, and those who develop instrumentation. It will also serve as a useful introduction to researchers entering the field and provide relevant examples to researchers and students developing and applying optical sensors for a variety of other scientific, technical, and industrial uses. Overview of new applications including remote sensing by UAV, laser heterodyne radiometry, dual comb spectroscopy, and more Features in-situ observations and measurements for real-world data Includes content on leading edge optical sensors