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The perception of color resists objective definition because of the psychological and physiological expression of optical color is a matter of subjective judgment. The human brain can discern extraordinary fine gradations in brightness, hue and saturation, some 10 million nuances. The investigations in this book allow the reader to observe first-hand the relationship of optical color to the penomenon of simultaneity.
Asked by royalty to analyze why certain very expensive fabrics didn't meet expectations, a French chemist found that the dyes could not be blamed. M.E. Chevreul named the real culprit in a single paragraph-which he then expanded into a unified theory about every design discipline and, in 1839, the most ambitious and influential book ever written about color usage. Half a century later, On the Law of Simultaneous Contrast of Colors had become "the scientific foundation of Impressionist and Neo-Impressionist painting," according to Johannes Itten. "It is my Bible," said Winslow Homer. Vincent van Gogh called it "a luminous theory of colors," allowing "effects so violent that the human eye can scarcely stand to look at them." Chevreul explained how and why this occurred, but he then went on to discuss how it affects and can be exploited in any artistic context. Although this book is mostly noted for its impact on painting (and by extension, photography) it culminates with a chapter labeled Ten Principles for All Forms of Visual Art. He meant it, too: he prescribes design principles for tapestries, carpets, furniture, mosaics, churches, museums, apartments, formal gardens, theaters, maps, typography, framing, stained glass, and even military uniforms. Chevreul's basic ideas were clear but his explanations of how to implement them were convoluted even in the original French. The standard English edition, the only one available in print until now, has been condemned as plodding and misleading ever since it appeared in 1854. Today, this brilliant work reappears in a lucid form that goes far beyond a "translation." Color expert Dan Margulis has rewritten obscure parts, corrected errors, updated references, commented separately when needed, and added six chapters of his own. Technology stymied Chevreul's desire for extensive color graphics. Margulis has added them: photographs, line art, and reproductions of the works of those who swore by his ideas. And, he has used his digital expertise to explain what few critics have understood about how the painters were choosing their colors.
An experimental approach to the study and teaching of color is comprised of exercises in seeing color action and feeling color relatedness before arriving at color theory.
The Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology provides an authoritative single source for understanding and applying the concepts of color to all fields of science and technology, including artistic and historical aspects of color. Many topics are discussed in this timely reference, including an introduction to the science of color, and entries on the physics, chemistry and perception of color. Color is described as it relates to optical phenomena of color and continues on through colorants and materials used to modulate color and also to human vision of color. The measurement of color is provided as is colorimetry, color spaces, color difference metrics, color appearance models, color order systems and cognitive color. Other topics discussed include industrial color, color imaging, capturing color, displaying color and printing color. Descriptions of color encodings, color management, processing color and applications relating to color synthesis for computer graphics are included in this work. The Encyclopedia also delves into color as it applies to other domains such as art and design – ie – color design, color harmony, color palettes, color and accessibility, researching color deficiency, and color and data visualization. There is also information on color in art conservation, color and architecture, color and educations, color and culture, and an overview of the history of color and comments on the future of color. This unique work will extend the influence of color to a much wider audience than has been possible to date.
During the first two decades of the nineteenth century, two of the most significant theoretical works on color since Leonardo da Vinci's Trattato della Pittura were written and published in Germany: Arthur Schopenhauer's On Vision and Colors and Philipp Otto Runge's Color Sphere. For Schopenhauer, vision is wholly subjective in nature and characterized by processes that cross over into the territory of philosophy. Runge's Color Sphere and essay "The Duality of Color" contained one of the first attempts to depict a comprehensive and harmonious color system in three dimensions. Runge intended his color sphere to be understood not as a product of art, but rather as a "mathematical figure of various philosophical reflections." By bringing these two visionary color theories together within a broad theoretical context—philosophy, art, architecture, and design—this volume uncovers their enduring influence on our own perception of color and the visual world around us.
This book directly addresses a long-felt, unsatisfied need of modern color science - an appreciative and technically sound presentation of the principles and main offerings of colorimetry to artists and designers, written by one of them. With his unique blend of training and experience in engineering, with his lifelong interest and, latterly, career in art and art education, Dr. Agoston is unusually well prepared to convey the message of color science to art and design. His book fulfills the hopes I had when I first heard about him and his book. I foresee important and long-lasting impacts of this book, analogous to those of the epoch-making writings by earlier artist-scientists, such as Leonardo, Chevreul, Munsell, and Pope. Nearly all persons who have contributed to color science, recently as well as formerly, were attracted to the study of color by color in art. Use of objective or scientific methods did not result from any cold, detached attitude, but from the inherent difficulties of the problems concerning color and its use, by which they were intrigued. Modern education and experience has taught many people how to tackle difficult problems by use of scientific methods. Therefore - color science.
Beginning with an account of colour fundamentals and a history of colour theory, the author explores the four dimensions of colour and their application to compositions in various media. This book serves as a useful resource for painters, photographers, interior designers and craftspeople.