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The Operational guidance for evaluating and publicly designating regulatory authorities as WHO-listed authorities provide procedural information (processes, steps and timelines) and general considerations related to the evaluation and listing of a regulatory authority as a WHO-listed authority (WLA). The guidance also describes the process and criteria for renewal, re-evaluation and possible delisting, the role and responsibilities of the technical advisory group on WLAs (TAG-WLA) and the undertakings of WHO and eligible regulatory authorities.
This policy on the evaluation and designation of regulatory authorities as WHO listed authorities (WLA) was developed following broad public consultation and the review of written comments received from the publication of a concept note, which informed the drafting of a first version of the WLA policy and operational guidance, as well as international consultative meetings with Member States and interested stakeholders. It also considers recommendations from the fifty-second meeting of the World Health Organization Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations (ECSPP) on the replacement of the term “stringent regulatory authority” with “WHO listed authority”. The ECSPP recommendations were based on comments received on the proposed elements of a replacement definition for Stringent Regulatory Authorities (SRAs) posted by WHO for public comment in August 2017 that was intended to provide a more transparent, robust and equitable measure of regulatory performance.
This manual provides operational and technical details for the performance evaluation (PE) exercise that must be conducted for a regulatory authority (RA) to achieve listing as a WHO-listed authority (WLA) in relation to each regulatory function. The PE manual should be read in conjunction with the Operational guidance for evaluating and publicly designating regulatory authorities as WHO-listed authorities (“The Operational Guidance”). For the purposes of this document the term regulatory authority (RA), unless otherwise stated, may refer to either a national regulatory authority (NRA) or a regional regulatory system (RRS). The basis for designation as a WLA is provided by the Global Benchmarking Tool (GBT), which is complemented by a series of PE activities designed to establish a detailed picture of how the regulatory system performs on relevant regulatory processes, including how consistently it adheres to quality procedures and how well it delivers the desired regulatory outputs in accordance with good regulatory practices.
Vaccines are powerful weapons in the fight against pandemic viruses as shown by responses to both the 2009 H1N1 influenza and the COVID-19 pandemics. However, planning for accessing, allocating and deploying vaccines in a pandemic situation is a complex endeavour, beset with multiple challenges at all levels – local, regional and global. The World Health Organization (WHO) and its partners have prepared this revised guidance document to assist countries update their national deployment and vaccination plans (NDVPs) by leveraging global learnings from past pandemic responses, including the recent COVID-19 vaccination effort. The development and testing of a NDVP would not only advance pandemic preparedness efforts but would also have benefits in terms of increasing national capabilities to manage other health emergencies which require emergency vaccination campaigns.
Audits provide essential accountability and transparency over government programs. Given the current challenges facing governments and their programs, the oversight provided through auditing is more critical than ever. Government auditing provides the objective analysis and information needed to make the decisions necessary to help create a better future. The professional standards presented in this 2018 revision of Government Auditing Standards (known as the Yellow Book) provide a framework for performing high-quality audit work with competence, integrity, objectivity, and independence to provide accountability and to help improve government operations and services. These standards, commonly referred to as generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS), provide the foundation for government auditors to lead by example in the areas of independence, transparency, accountability, and quality through the audit process. This revision contains major changes from, and supersedes, the 2011 revision.
The Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations works towards clear, independent and practical standards and guidelines for the quality assurance of medicines and provision of global regulatory tools. Standards are developed by the Expert Committee through worldwide consultation and an international consensus-building process. The following new guidance texts were adopted and recommended for use: Guidelines and guidance texts adopted by the Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations; Points to consider when including Health Based Exposure Limits (HBELs) in cleaning validation; Good manufacturing practices: water for pharmaceutical use; Guideline on data integrity; WHO/United Nations Population Fund recommendations for condom storage and shipping temperatures; WHO/United Nations Population Fund guidance on testing of male latex condoms; WHO/United Nations Population Fund guidance on conducting post-market surveillance of condoms; WHO “Biowaiver List”: proposal to waive in vivo bioequivalence requirements for WHO Model List of Essential Medicines immediate-release, solid oral dosage forms; WHO Certification Scheme on the quality of pharmaceutical products moving in international commerce; Good reliance practices in the regulation of medical products: high-level principles and considerations; and Good regulatory practices in the regulations of medical products. All of the above are included in this report and recommended for implementation.
Meant to aid State & local emergency managers in their efforts to develop & maintain a viable all-hazard emergency operations plan. This guide clarifies the preparedness, response, & short-term recovery planning elements that warrant inclusion in emergency operations plans. It offers the best judgment & recommendations on how to deal with the entire planning process -- from forming a planning team to writing the plan. Specific topics of discussion include: preliminary considerations, the planning process, emergency operations plan format, basic plan content, functional annex content, hazard-unique planning, & linking Federal & State operations.
In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.