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Well Testing is recognised by many operating oil and gas companies to be the most hazardous operation they routinely undertake. Therefore, it is of great importance that such operations are extremely well planned and executed.This handbook covers all the major "Operational Aspects of Oil and Gas Well Testing" and uses a structured approach to guide the reader through the steps required to safely and effectively plan a well test operation under just about any circumstances world wide.Safety procedures and well testing recommended practices are rigorously addressed in this book, as are the responsibilities of those persons involved in well testing operations. Perforating equipment, drill stem test equipment and bottom hole pressure gauges are discussed in detail in the book. There is also a very valuable section on sub sea equipment, an area often not well understood even by experienced engineers who may have been primarily involved with land or jackup rigs. A major part of the book is the detailed coverage of the equipment and instrumentation that makes up a surface well testing package. It also covers operational and testing related problems such as, hydrates, wax and sand, and offers the reader some possible solutions. There are useful chapters on sampling, onsite chemistry, coil tubing and nitrogen operations and basic stimulation as they relate to well testing. Finally there is an extensive section of appendices covering useful engineering calculations and there is a complete example of a detailed well testing programme.
Well test planning is one of the most important phrases in the life cycle of a well, if done improperly it could cost millions. Now there is a reference to ensure you get it right the first time. Written by a Consultant Completions & Well Test Engineer with decades of experience, Well Test Planning and Operations provides a road map to guide the reader through the maze of governmental regulations, industry codes, local standards and practices. This book describes how to plan a fit-for-purpose and fault free well test, and to produce the documents required for regulatory compliance. Given the level of activity in the oil and gas industry and the shortage of experienced personnel, this book will appeal to many specialists sitting in drilling, completion or exploration departments around the world who find themselves in the business of planning a well test, and yet who may lack expertise in that specialty. Nardone provides a roadmap to guide the planner through this complex subject, showing how to write the necessary documentation and to coordinate the many different tasks and activities, which constitute well test planning. Taking the reader from the basis for design through the well Test program to well test reports and finally to the all-important learning to ensure continuous improvement. Identification and prioritization of well test objectives Confirmation of well test requirements Preparation of detailed well test programs Selection and qualification of test equipment Onsite (onshore and offshore) engineering support and test supervision Detailed well test interpretation Definition of Extended Well Test (EWT) requirements
With easy oil extraction becoming a thing of the past, new technologies and processes of discovery have been introduced into the exploration of oil and gas. These advancements rely on precise and accurate data, in many cases live during operations. Surface well testing operations acquire the necessary data during exploration, production, and development, and clean data is essential and heavily relied upon. Surface Well Testing: A Practical Guide guides readers on the fundamentals and techniques of surface well testing operations and data acquisition to ensure proper operational procedures and standards. Explains actual operations, equipment, and data acquisition and quality Introduces readers to the processes and techniques of surface well testing, the required measurements and readings, and how to get the right data to perform accurate reservoir and petroleum engineering calculations Bridges the gap between practical field operations and simulated engineering and mathematical models This book supports readers and organisations in the oil and gas industry as an operations reference and training manual to ensure standardisation of operating procedures and accuracy of results.
"Gas Well Testing Handbook deals execusively with the theory and practice of gas well testing, including pressure transient analysis technique, analytical methods required to interpret well behavior, evaluating reservoir quality, reservoir simulation, and production forecasts. A highly practical volume, this book is written for drilling engineers, well logging engineers, reservoir engineers, engineering students, geologists, and geophysicists."--BOOK JACKET
Well Control for Completions and Interventions explores the standards that ensure safe and efficient production flow, well integrity and well control for oil rigs, focusing on the post-Macondo environment where tighter regulations and new standards are in place worldwide. Too many training facilities currently focus only on the drilling side of the well’s cycle when teaching well control, hence the need for this informative guide on the topic. This long-awaited manual for engineers and managers involved in the well completion and intervention side of a well’s life covers the fundamentals of design, equipment and completion fluids. In addition, the book covers more important and distinguishing components, such as well barriers and integrity envelopes, well kill methods specific to well completion, and other forms of operations that involve completion, like pumping and stimulation (including hydraulic fracturing and shale), coiled tubing, wireline, and subsea intervention. Provides a training guide focused on well completion and intervention Includes coverage of subsea and fracturing operations Presents proper well kill procedures Allows readers to quickly get up-to-speed on today’s regulations post-Macondo for well integrity, barrier management and other critical operation components
This book is designed to be a technical reference for engineers and technicians who interpret well tests. For each case examined, it describes the most suitable interpretation methods, such as traditional methods, type curves, computer-generated type curves, and interpretation using derivatives. It cites the equations used to interpret results, while avoiding detailed mathematical discussions. Nevertheless, as numerous references are provided, those who wish to can trace the solutions back to their origins. The book also indicates the conditions under which different methods are useful, and is illustrated with a large number of figures and practical examples. The text shows how the interpretation of a well test varies according to the type of reservoir limits (e.g., faults, channels, secant faults, constant pressure limits, closed reservoir, etc.), the well reservoir configuration (e.g., partial penetration wells, inclined wells, artificially fractured wells, horizontal wells, injection wells, etc.), and the nature of more complex reservoirs (fissured reservoirs, two-layered reservoirs). It indicates which methods to use when the fluid in a well is a gas or a polyphasic fluid. Lastly, it deals with tests applied to multiple wells, including interference tests and pulse tests.Contents: Principle: 1. Principles of well testing. 2. Wellbore storage. 3. Skin. Interpretation methods: 4. Conventional interpretation methods. 5. Type curves. 6. The derivative. Reservoir boundaries: 7. Linear sealing faults. 8. Channels. 9. Intersecting faults. 10. Constant pressure boundary. 11. Closed reservoir. 12. Productivity index. Reservoir aspects: 13. Naturally fractured reservoirs. 14. Two-layer reservoirs. Well aspects: 15. Partial penetration wells. 16. Slanted wells. 17. Artificially fractured wells. 18. Horizontal wells. 19. Injection wells. Fluid aspects: 20. Gas wells. 21. Multiphase flows. Interferences : 22. Interference tests. 23. Pulse tests. Bibliography. Index.
Once a natural gas or oil well is drilled, and it has been verified that commercially viable, it must be "completed" to allow for the flow of petroleum or natural gas out of the formation and up to the surface. This process includes: casing, pressure and temperature evaluation, and the proper instillation of equipment to ensure an efficient flow out of the well. In recent years, these processes have been greatly enhanced by new technologies. Advanced Well Completion Engineering summarizes and explains these advances while providing expert advice for deploying these new breakthrough engineering systems. The book has two themes: one, the idea of preventing damage, and preventing formation from drilling into an oil formation to putting the well introduction stage; and two, the utilization of nodal system analysis method, which optimizes the pressure distribution from reservoir to well head, and plays the sensitivity analysis to design the tubing diameters first and then the production casing size, so as to achieve whole system optimization. With this book, drilling and production engineers should be able to improve operational efficiency by applying the latest state of the art technology in all facets of well completion during development drilling-completion and work over operations. One of the only books devoted to the key technologies for all major aspects of advanced well completion activities. Unique coverage of all aspects of well completion activities based on 25 years in the exploration, production and completion industry. Matchless in-depth technical advice for achieving operational excellence with advance solutions.
All too often, senior reservoir managers have found that their junior staff lack an adequate understanding of reservoir management techniques and best practices needed to optimize the development of oil and gas fields. Written by an expert professional/educator, Integrated Reservoir Asset Management introduces the reader to the processes and modeling paradigms needed to develop the skills to increase reservoir output and profitability and decrease guesswork. One of the only references to recognize the technical diversity of modern reservoir management teams, Fanchi seamlessly brings together concepts and terminology, creating an interdisciplinary approach for solving everyday problems. The book starts with an overview of reservoir management, fluids, geological principles used to characterization, and two key reservoir parameters (porosity and permeability). This is followed by an uncomplicated review of multi-phase fluid flow equations, an overview of the reservoir flow modeling process and fluid displacement concepts. All exercises and case studies are based on the authors 30 years of experience and appear at the conclusion of each chapter with hints in addition of full solutions. In addition, the book will be accompanied by a website featuring supplementary case studies and modeling exercises which is supported by an author generated computer program. Straightforward methods for characterizing subsurface environments Effortlessly gain and understanding of rock-fluid interaction relationships An uncomplicated overview of both engineering and scientific processes Exercises at the end of each chapter to demonstrate correct application Modeling tools and additional exercise are included on a companion website
A strong foundation in reservoir rock and fluid properties is the backbone of almost all the activities in the petroleum industry. Suitable for undergraduate students in petroleum engineering, Petroleum Reservoir Rock and Fluid Properties, Second Edition offers a well-balanced, in-depth treatment of the fundamental concepts and practical aspects that encompass this vast discipline. New to the Second Edition Introductions to Stone II three-phase relative permeability model and unconventional oil and gas resources Discussions on low salinity water injection, saturated reservoirs and production trends of five reservoir fluids, impact of mud filtrate invasion and heavy organics on samples, and flow assurance problems due to solid components of petroleum Better plots for determining oil and water Corey exponents from relative permeability data Inclusion of Rachford-Rice flash function, Plateau equation, and skin effect Improved introduction to reservoir rock and fluid properties Practice problems covering porosity, combined matrix-channel and matrix-fracture permeability, radial flow equations, drilling muds on fluid saturation, wettability concepts, three-phase oil relative permeability, petroleum reservoir fluids, various phase behavior concepts, phase behavior of five reservoir fluids, and recombined fluid composition Detailed solved examples on absolute permeability, live reservoir fluid composition, true boiling point extended plus fractions properties, viscosity based on compositional data, and gas-liquid surface tension Accessible to anyone with an engineering background, the text reveals the importance of understanding rock and fluid properties in petroleum engineering. Key literature references, mathematical expressions, and laboratory measurement techniques illustrate the correlations and influence between the various properties. Explaining how to acquire accurate and reliable data, the author describes coring and fluid sampling methods, issues related to handling samples for core analyses, and PVT studies. He also highlights core and phase behavior analysis using laboratory tests and calculations to elucidate a wide range of properties.