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Discussed are various types of fuel cells suitable for front line warfare communication systems. Mentioned is the hydrocarbon-air fuel cell and various electrolytes including phosphoric acid.
Critical subsystems and components representing elements of a 15- kilowatt partial-oxidation molten carbonate fuel cell power generating system were designed, fabricated and tested to establish overall feasibility of the 15- kilowatt design. Testing was carried out generally at the 1-kilowatt size. The elements tested were the fuel cell module or stack, partial-oxidation fuel preparation subsystem including fuel vaporization using combat gasoline and CITE fuel, startup burner on both fuels, corrosive removal from the fuel gas stream, and the spent fuel recycle blower. Results of testing these units indicate that the design concept is feasible and attainable.
Direct carbonate fuel cells being developed by Energy Research Corporation can generate power at an efficiency approaching 60% LHV. This unique fuel cell technology can consume natural gas and other hydrocarbon based fuels directly without requiring an external reformer, thus providing a simpler and inherently efficient power generation system. A 2 MW power plant demonstration of this technology has been initiated at an installation in the city of Santa Clara in California. A 2.85 MW commercial configuration shown in Figure 1 is presently being developed. The complete plant includes the carbonate fuel cell modules, an inverter, transformer and switchgear, a heat recovery unit and supporting instrument air and water treatment systems. The emission levels for this 2.85 MW plant are projected to be orders of magnitude below existing or proposed standards. The 30 year levelized cost of electricity, without inflation, is projected to be approximately 5{cents}/kW-h assuming capital cost for the carbonate fuel cell system of $1000/kW.