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The response of the magnetosphere boundary in a steady solar wind to small initial departures from equilibrium is investigated in accordance with the classical model of Chapman and Ferraro. If the wavelength and amplitude are sufficiently small that curvature and second-order effects can be disregarded, all perturbations, except those having wave fronts aligned with the direction of the local magnetic field, are found to damp exponentially with time and to drift along the boundary with the tangential component of the solar wind. Aligned waves, which neither damp nor amplify in this approximation, are examined further by inclusion of curvature and higher order effects. A first-order analysis shows that curvature introduces a destabilizing effect in small regions in the vicinity of the neutral points and a stabilizing effect elsewhere. Possible geophysical consequences, such as the persistent magnetic agitation of the polar regions, are discussed. An exact solution for an aligned cylindrical solitary wave having an initial form of a circular arc is also presented to illustrate a mode of response that appears to permit injection of elongated and widely separated columns of solar wind plasma into the magnetosphere under certain conditions and to provide a mechanism for momentum transfer from the solar wind to the ambient magnetosphere plasma.
This volume contains papers given at a workshop on the earth's core boundary and geodynamos held at Liblice Castle, Czechoslovakia in 1988.
Summary of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Physical Signatures of Magnetospheric Boundary Layer Processes T A POTEMRA, M I PUDOVKIN, R W SMITH, V M VASYLIUNAS and A EGELAND 451 PREFACE These proceedings are based on the invited talks and selected research reports presented at the NATO Advanced Workshop on "PHYSICAL SIGNATURES OF MAGNETOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER PROCESSES", held at Sundvolden Hotel, Norway, 9.-14.May 1993. The international political and scientific communities have gradually realized that the Earth's environment is more fragile than previously believed. This has led to the establishment of international research programmes directed toward the understanding of "Global Change". The Earth's magnetosphere, "the Earth-space", is a part of our environment, and physical processes in the magnetosphere and coupling between the solar energy stream, the solar wind, and the Earth-space are important in the complete understanding of our environment. Variations in the electromagnetic and particle energy output of the Sun have a significant effect on global changes. The energy transfer mechanisms at the days ide magnetospheric boundary layers and their ionospheric signatures are perhaps even more important to solar terrestrial research than the night-side processes in this connection. The dayside boundary layers and the polar cusps are the Earth's windows to outer space. The present NATO ARW was the latest in a series of conferences focused on dayside magnetospheric phenomena. It is five years since the preceding Workshop on "Electromag netic Coupling in the Polar Clefts and Caps" was held at Lillehammer in September 1988.
The main magnetic field of the Earth is a complex phenomenon. To understand its origins in the fluid of the Earth's core, and how it changes in time requires a variety of mathematical and physical tools. This book presents the foundations of geomagnetism, in detail and developed from first principles. The book is based on George Backus' courses for graduate students at the University of California, San Diego. The material is mathematically rigorous, but is logically developed and has consistent notation, making it accessible to a broad range of readers. The book starts with an overview of the phenomena of interest in geomagnetism, and then goes on to deal with the phenomena in detail, building the necessary techniques in a thorough and consistent manner. Students and researchers will find this book to be an invaluable resource in the appreciation of the mathematical and physical foundations of geomagnetism.