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Peer-assisted Video-on-Demand (VoD) systems have not only received substantial recent research attention, but also been implemented and deployed with success in large-scale real-world streaming systems. Despite the remarkable popularity in real-world systems, the design of such systems are not well understood. In this thesis, we seek to address two design problems in peer-assisted VoD systems. First, we focus on the design of cache replacement algorithms. We construct an analytical framework based on dynamic programming, to help us form an in-depth understanding of optimal strategies to design cache replacement algorithms. Second, we shift our attention to the surplus upload bandwidth allocation problem in multi-channel systems. Through theoretical analysis and realistic simulations, we conclude that surplus upload bandwidth from peers can be utilized more efficiently than conventional prefetching strategies when it is devoted to redistributing content to those channels in deficit state.
The past decade has witnessed the fast development of peer-assisted video ondemand (PA-VoD) systems, which have attracted millions of online users. The efforts on improving the quality of video programs have never ceased since the beginning, and nowadays offering high-definition (HD) channels has become a common practice. However, compared with standard-definition (SD) channels, HD channels have to sustain a higher streaming rate to peers, which is a challenging task. In real systems, HD channels often suffer from poor streaming quality, or impose a heavy burden on the servers. This thesis conducts an in-depth study on peer cache and upload bandwidth management at the same time for multi-channel PA-VoD systems, where HD and SD channels coexist with different bandwidth and cache requirements. The objective is to minimize the server bandwidth consumption, and thus the maintenance cost of VoD service providers. The solution is cross-channel allocation (or view-upload decoupling), i.e., making SD channels help HD viewers with the surplus peer-contributed resources. The management of these resources includes bandwidth allocation and caching strategies. We first propose a generic modeling framework to capture the essential characteristics of PA-VoD systems: the demand and supply of bandwidth from peers. Our modeling framework can be customized or extended to model a variety of caching strategies, including FIFO, passive caching, and active caching with different user behaviors. We then apply the modeling framework to two representative scenarios: stationary scenarios, where the channels have fixed popularity; and non-stationary scenarios, in which a new movie is released, and peers enter the channel in a flash-crowd manner. We prove using our models that passive caching is efficient for stationary user behaviors, and derive the optimal caching solutions when the channels in the system demonstrate different popularity evolutions, i.e., with non-stationary behaviors. With the insights gained from our modeling work, we design effective centralized heuristic algorithms and practical distributed strategies for peer cache replacement and upload bandwidth allocation, with a near-optimal utilization of these resources. We propose centralized and distributed cross-channel allocation, and also extend the substreaming technique from live streaming to VoD systems, where it demonstrates its extreme feasibility. Our extensive simulation results verify the efficacy of these heuristic and practical strategies.
Multimedia data are used more and more widely in human being's life, e.g., videoconferencing, visual telephone, IPTV, etc. Nearly most of the applications need multimedia transmission techniques that send multimedia data from one side to another side and keep the properties of efficiency, robustness and security. Here, the efficiency denotes the time cost of transmission operations, the robustness denotes the ability to survive transmission errors or noises, and the security denotes the protection of the transmitted media content. Recently, various intelligent or innovative techniques are invented, which bring vast performance improvements to practical applications. For example, such content transmission techniques as p2p, sensor network and ad hoc network are constructed, which adaptively use the peers’ properties to improve the network’s resources. Multimedia adaptation techniques can adjust the multimedia data rate in order to compliant with the network’s bandwidth. Scalable encryption techniques can generate the data stream that can be correctly decrypted after bit rate conversion. Ubiquitous multimedia services make the user share any kind of content anywhere. The book includes fourteen chapters highlighting current concepts, issues and emerging technologies. Distinguished scholars from many prominent research institutions around the world contribute to the book. The book covers various aspects, including not only some fundamental knowledge and the latest key techniques, but also typical applications and open issues. For example, the covered topics include the present and future video coding standards, stereo and multiview coding techniques, free-viewpoint TV techniques, wireless broadcasting techniques, media streaming techniques, wireless media transmission techniques and systems, and User-Generated Content sharing.
Advanced Computing, Networking and Informatics are three distinct and mutually exclusive disciplines of knowledge with no apparent sharing/overlap among them. However, their convergence is observed in many real world applications, including cyber-security, internet banking, healthcare, sensor networks, cognitive radio, pervasive computing amidst many others. This two-volume proceedings explore the combined use of Advanced Computing and Informatics in the next generation wireless networks and security, signal and image processing, ontology and human-computer interfaces (HCI). The two volumes together include 148 scholarly papers, which have been accepted for presentation from over 640 submissions in the second International Conference on Advanced Computing, Networking and Informatics, 2014, held in Kolkata, India during June 24-26, 2014. The first volume includes innovative computing techniques and relevant research results in informatics with selective applications in pattern recognition, signal/image processing and HCI. The second volume on the other hand demonstrates the possible scope of the computing techniques and informatics in wireless communications, networking and security.
Peer-to-peer networking is a disruptive technology for large scale distributed app- cations that has recently gained wide interest due to the successes of peer-to-peer (P2P) content sharing, media streaming, and telephony applications. There are a large range of other applications under development or being proposed. The - derlying architectures share features such as decentralizaton, sharing of end system resources, autonomy, virtualization, and self-organization. These features constitute the P2P paradigm. This handbook broadly addresses a large cross-section of c- rent research and state-of-the-art reports on the nature of this paradigm from a large number of experts in the ?eld. Several trends in information and network technology such as increased perf- mance and deployment of broadband networking, wireless networking, and mobile devices are synergistic with and reinforcing the capabilities of the P2P paradigm. There is general expectation in the technical community that P2P networking will continue to be an important tool for networked applications and impact the evo- tion of the Internet. A large amount of research activity has resulted in a relatively short time, and a growing community of researchers has developed. The Handbook of Peer-to-Peer Networking is dedicated to discussions on P2P networks and their applications. This is a comprehensive book on P2P computing.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International IFIP TC6 Networking Conference, NETWORKING 2010, held in Chennai, India, in May 2010. The 24 revised full papers and 9 work in progress papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 101 submissions for inclusion in the book. The papers cover a variety of research topics in the area of P2P and overlay networks; performance measurement; quality of service; ad hoc and sensor networks; wireless networks, addressing and routing; and applications and services.
While most books on the subject focus on resource allocation in just one type of network, this book is the first to examine the common characteristics of multiple distributed video communication systems. Comprehensive and systematic, Optimal Resource Allocation for Distributed Video Communication presents a unified optimization framework for resour
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, WISE 2010, held in Hong Kong, China, in December 2010. The 32 revised full papers and 19 revised short papers presented together with 4 keynote talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 170 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on web service, social networks, web data mining, keyword search, web data modeling, recommender systems, RDF and web data processing, XML and query languages, web information systems, and information retrieval and extraction.