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This book discusses a very basic and fundamental phenomenon in combinatorics on words, namely the ambiguity of morphisms: A morphism h is called ambiguous for a word w provided that there is another morphism g which satisfies g(w)=h(w). If such another morphism does not exist, h is called unambiguous for w. Furthermore, there are different types of restricted ambiguity which make additional demands on the other morphism g. The examination of the ambiguity of morphisms is not only of intrinsic interest, but, due to the simplicity of the concept, also shows various connections to other topics in theoretical computer science and discrete mathematics, pattern languages and various other concepts as fixed points of morphisms, avoidable patterns and word equations. This book is the first comprehensive study of the ambiguity of erasing morphisms, i., e., morphisms that are allowed to map symbols in the word to the empty word
Formal Languages and Applications provides a comprehensive study-aid and self-tutorial for graduates students and researchers. The main results and techniques are presented in an readily accessible manner and accompanied by many references and directions for further research. This carefully edited monograph is intended to be the gateway to formal language theory and its applications, so it is very useful as a review and reference source of information in formal language theory.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 35th Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science, SOFSEM 2009, held in Špindleruv Mlýn, Czech Republic, in January 2009. The 49 revised full papers, presented together with 9 invited contributions, were carefully reviewed and selected from 132 submissions. SOFSEM 2009 was organized around the following four tracks: Foundations of Computer Science; Theory and Practice of Software Services; Game Theoretic Aspects of E-commerce; and Techniques and Tools for Formal Verification.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2012, held in Taipei, Taiwan, in August 2012. The 34 regular papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The volume also contains the papers or extended abstracts of 4 invited lectures, as well as a special memorial presentation in honor of Sheng Yu. The topics covered include grammars, acceptors and transducers for words, trees and graphs; algebraic theories of automata; algorithmic, combinatorial and algebraic properties of words and languages; variable length codes; symbolic dynamics; cellular automata; polyominoes and multidimensional patterns; decidability questions; image manipulation and compression; efficient text algorithms; relationships to cryptography, concurrency, complexity theory and logic; bio-inspired computing; quantum computing.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2010, held in London, Ontario, Canada, in August 2010. The 32 regular papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The volume also contains the papers or abstracts of 6 invited speakers, as well as a 2-page abstract for each of the 6 poster papers. The topics addressed are formal languages, automata theory, computability, complexity, logic, petri nets and related areas.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Combinatorics on Words, WORDS 2015, held in Kiel, Germany, in September 2015 under the auspices of the EATCS. The 14 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 22 submissions. The main object in the contributions are words, finite or infinite sequences of symbols over a finite alphabet. The papers reflect both theoretical contributions related to combinatorial, algebraic, and algorithmic aspects of words, as well as to contributions presenting applications of the theory of words in other field of computer science, linguistics, biology, bioinformatics, or physics.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Combinatorics on Words, WORDS 2013, held in Turku, Finland, in September 2013 under the auspices of the EATCS. The 20 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 43 initial submissions. The central topic of the conference is combinatorics on words (i.e. the study of finite and infinite sequence of symbols) from varying points of view, including their combinatorial, algebraic and algorithmic aspects, as well as their applications.
The purpose of this Handbook is to highlight both theory and applications of weighted automata. Weighted finite automata are classical nondeterministic finite automata in which the transitions carry weights. These weights may model, e. g. , the cost involved when executing a transition, the amount of resources or time needed for this,or the probability or reliability of its successful execution. The behavior of weighted finite automata can then be considered as the function (suitably defined) associating with each word the weight of its execution. Clearly, weights can also be added to classical automata with infinite state sets like pushdown automata; this extension constitutes the general concept of weighted automata. To illustrate the diversity of weighted automata, let us consider the following scenarios. Assume that a quantitative system is modeled by a classical automaton in which the transitions carry as weights the amount of resources needed for their execution. Then the amount of resources needed for a path in this weighted automaton is obtained simply as the sum of the weights of its transitions. Given a word, we might be interested in the minimal amount of resources needed for its execution, i. e. , for the successful paths realizing the given word. In this example, we could also replace the “resources” by “profit” and then be interested in the maximal profit realized, correspondingly, by a given word.
This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 11th annual Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS '94), held in Caen, France, February 24-26, 1994. Besides three prominent invited papers, the proceedings contains 60 accepted contributions chosen by the international program committee during a highly competitive reviewing process from a total of 234 submissions for 38 countries. The volume competently represents most areas of theoretical computer science with a certain emphasis on (parallel) algorithms and complexity.