Download Free On The Aging Of Lithium Ion Batteries With Focus On Polyolefin Separators And Graphite Negative Electrodes Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online On The Aging Of Lithium Ion Batteries With Focus On Polyolefin Separators And Graphite Negative Electrodes and write the review.

This book addresses the comprehensive understanding of Ni-rich layered oxide of lithium-ion batteries cathodes materials, especially focusing on the effect of dopant on the intrinsic and extrinsic effect to its host materials. This book can be divided into three parts, that is, 1. overall understanding of layered oxide system, 2. intrinsic effect of dopant on layered oxides, and 3. extrinsic effect of dopant on layered oxides. To truly understand and discover the fundamental solution (e.g. doping) to improve the Ni-rich layered oxides cathodic performance, understanding the foundation of layered oxide degradation mechanism is the key, thus, the first chapter focuses on discovering the true degradation mechanisms of layered oxides systems. Then, the second and third chapter deals with the effect of dopant on alleviating the fundamental degradation mechanism of Ni-rich layered oxides, which we believe is the first insight ever been provided. The content described in this book will provide research insight to develop high-performance Ni-rich layered oxide cathode materials and serve as a guide for those who study energy storage systems. ​
This invaluable book focuses on the mechanisms of formation of a solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the electrode surfaces of lithium-ion batteries. The SEI film is due to electromechanical reduction of species present in the electrolyte. It is widely recognized that the presence of the film plays an essential role in the battery performance, and its very nature can determine an extended (or shorter) life for the battery. In spite of the numerous related research efforts, details on the stability of the SEI composition and its influence on the battery capacity are still controversial. This book carefully analyzes and discusses the most recent findings and advances on this topic.
Here in a single source is an up-to-date description of the technology associated with the Li-Ion battery industry. It will be useful as a text for researchers interested in energy conversion for the direct conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy.
This text on energy storage covers topics such as batteries and other energy storage systems; thermal management of indoor and outdoor installation; batteries and other energy storage systems; AC/DC power supplies; and batteries and other energy storage systems."
The graphitic negative electrode is widely used in today's commercial lithium-ion batteries. However, its lifetime is limited by a number of degradation modes, particularly growth of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), lithium plating, and electrode inactivation. Two major challenges to better batteries are the range of length scales (nanometers to centimeters) over which degradation modes occur, as well as slow development times. In this thesis, I overcome these challenges by studying the degradation of carbon electrodes in both model systems and commercial devices and by using machine learning methods for accelerated battery optimization. First, I study SEI growth on carbon black via microscopy, electrochemistry, and modeling. I first use cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to image the SEI on carbon black and track its evolution during cycling. I observe an evolution of inorganic components in thin (~2 nm), primary SEI directly interfaced to the carbon black, as well as deposits of SEI that span hundreds of nanometers. I then electrochemically measure the dependence of SEI growth on potential, current magnitude, and current direction during galvanostatic cycling. I find that SEI growth strongly depends on all three parameters; most notably, SEI growth rates increase with nominal C rate and are significantly higher on lithiation than on delithiation. Finally, I model the SEI as a mixed ionic-electronic conductor, where the ionic concentration modulates the electronic conductivity. This model can account for the previously observed directional dependence. This work illustrates the MIEC-like nature of the SEI on carbonaceous anodes and illustrates the strong coupling between charge storage (i.e. intercalation) and SEI growth. Second, I characterize the cell-level degradation of commercial lithium iron phosphate (LFP)/graphite cylindrical cells during fast charging. I find that the graphite electrode exhibits significant and highly heterogeneous degradation during fast charging, with large ionically inactive regions located near the electrode tab. This ionic inactivation of the electrode appears to occur via large-scale SEI growth, preceding more conventional fast charging degradation modes such as lithium plating. Third, I optimize a six-step fast-charging protocol that achieves 80% state of charge in ten minutes on commercial LFP/graphite cylindrical cells. I first develop a machine learning algorithm that uses cycling data from the first 100 cycles to predict cycle lives that reach up to 2300 cycles with ~9% error. Then, I use an optimal experimental design methodology for fast-charging protocol optimization, with two key elements to reduce the optimization cost: early prediction of failure, which reduces the cost per experiment, and adaptive Bayesian multi-armed bandits, which reduces the number of experiments required. The fast charging protocols identified by this algorithm are unexpected given the battery literature. The combination of closed-loop optimization and early prediction illustrates the power of data-driven methods to accelerate the pace of scientific discovery.
The market for Li-ion batteries has seen unprescedented growth in recent years due to the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and growth of grid-level energy storage. For these applications to be sustainable, inexpensive and long-lasting Li-ion batteries are required. This thesis considers LiFePO4 (LFP) as a positive electrode material for use in long-lifetime Li-ion batteries. Already a commercially used material, LFP is seeing a renewed interest in many applications due to the cost and relative scarcity of commonly used transition metals in Li-ion batteries, Ni and Co. Initial studies of LFP/graphite cells considered the impact of water contamination and different electrolyte additives on lifetime, and an optimal electrolyte composition was determined. Isothermal microcalorimetry techniques were used to rank the lifetime of cells with different electrolyte additives. Next, different approaches were taken to improve the lifetime of LFP/graphite cells, including considering the surface area of LFP, different Li salts in the electrolyte, and different graphite materials. Combining the results of these studies led to an LFP cell with greatly improved capacity retention. Isothermal microcalorimetry techniques were developed to observe parasitic reactions separately at the positive and negative electrodes, and to infer the degree of "cross-talk" reactions in the cell. Finally, the storage performance, gas evolution, and parasitic heat flow for Li-ion cells with different positive electrodes, negative electrodes, and electrolytes were studied. The results of these experiments highlighted the complex interactions that occur between different components of the cell. In LFP cells, capacity loss was correlated with the reactivity of the negative electrode. The results presented in this thesis demonstrate significant lifetime improvements for LFP/graphite cells by targeting different cell components. Additional insights into the role of parasitic reactions on the lifetime of Li-ion cells have been developed. This work should contribute to the future development of Li-ion cells with extremely long lifetimes.