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The development of any inhomogeneous free-turbulence flow in an incompressible fluid is predicted through the use of a general self-preservation hypothesis. The analytical solutions are verified by comparison with experimental data on mean-flow and turbulence characteristics of plane and axisymmetric jets in coaxial parallel flow with and without confinement, of an axisymmetric jet in a cross flow, and of the wake behind a self-propelled body. Emphasis is placed on the distinct turbulence structure of the various flows as revealed by the different axial variations of a shear parameter relating turbulence shear to mean velocity. The satisfactory predictions obtained by the new approach make it appear to have a more general application (e.g., to plumes and wall jets) than the examples chosen might imply. (Author).
The lateral distributions of various mean-flow and turbulence characteristics, as obtained from measurements in axisymmetric jets and wakes, are shown to conform to a new concept of self-preservation. The development downstream from the flow origin of representative cross-sectional values of the turbulence shear stress, turbulence normal stress, and the maximum mean-velocity difference, as well as the development of some nondimensional ratios thereof, is presented for the following free-turbulence flows: plane free jets and wall jets with ambient streams, axisymmetric jets in coaxial streams with different ratios of jet to free-stream velocity, and wakes behind a slender spheroid, a disk, a square plate, and a self-propelled body of revolution. The results indicate that in the case of axisymmetric free-shear flows, similarity according to the conventional definition is not even approached asymptotically and that the conditions of flow generation have a greater influence on the downstream flow development than has been assumed previously. (Author).