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En este estudio se analiza la experiencia de la industria mexicana con respecto a la implementación de técnicas de producción más limpias con énfasis en tres sectores en las cuales las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (MIPYMEs) tienen un impacto ambiental reconocido: a) industria de la fabricación de ladrillo, b) industria del cuero, pieles y sus productos, y c) industria del hilado, tejido y acabado de fibras blandas.
Este estudio examina la problemática ambiental de las micro y pequeñas empresas en el territorio de la República Mexicana. Analiza el enfoque de política en México con relación a este tema. Por último, examina el rol que podrían asumir las pequeñas empresas oferentes de tecnología y las oportunidades de inversión que surgen a partir de su problemática ambiental.
Después de haber han alizado en las etapas previas de este proyecto las condiciones de la demanda y la oferta de bienes y servicios ambientales para las pequeñas y mediana empresas (pymes) en México, este estudio propone políticas e instrumentos de gestión que contribuyan a mejorar el desempeño ambiental de este crucial segmento de la economía.
En este documento se describe, en primer lugar la importancia social y económica de las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYME) en Argentina; sus principales impactos ambientales y las iniciativas de gestión ambiental que se observan en ellas. Los sectores más relevantes, el marco regulatorio, las disponibilidades de financiamiento y otras iniciativas son analizadas, en el marco de importantes limitaciones de información.
Este estudio tiene por objetivo discutir propuestas de políticas públicas e iniciativas privadas orientadas a mejorar la gestión ambiental en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) argentinas y brindar apoyo para que éstas puedan ocupar nichos de mercado en materia de provisión de bienes y servicios ambientales.
Vacant urban land--the product of land market activity, the actions of private agents, and the policies of public agents--is an important challenge for policy makers. Vacant lots on the urban fringe and in central and interstitial areas have affected growth patterns in Latin America. Contributors to this book analyze the problems and opportunities related to vacant urban land in five cities: Buenos Aires, Argentina; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Quito, Ecuador; Lima, Perú; and San Salvador, El Salvador.
The evidence is increasingly persuasive. We are changing the way our planet's physical systems work—irrevocably. These changes are global and interconnected and unavoidable. They are upon us already, making it virtually impossible for any modern society to continue its present trajectory of growth. This book provides a penetrating analysis of how we have come to this point, of why science and technology will fail to solve these problems, and of how we as a society must change in order to avoid ecological catastrophe. The scope is broad, the urgency of the message is impossible to ignore.
When taxes are introduced on carbon and energy, and the revenue is used to reduce other taxes, will a positive effect be achieved both for the environment and for the economy? In 1990 Finland was the first country to introduce a tax on CO2. Later, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Slovenia, Germany and the UK followed suit with tax reforms that shifted taxation from labour to carbon and energy. Over the years, CO2 and energy taxes have gradually been raised, so that in Europe taxes of more than 25 billion Euros a year have been shifted. This book examines carbon-energy taxation in detail and looks at tax shifting programmes for lowering other taxes. It offers extensive analysis on the basis of historical data and seeks to answer important questions for policy-making, such as: What was the impact of tax shifting for economic performance and competitiveness? By how much were emissions of CO2 reduced? Could energy-intensive industries cut further down on their fuel demand or did they loose market shares? To what extent was there 'leakage' from Europe, so that production and CO2 emissions were shifted to other countries or regions without CO2-abatement policy? The use of unique and original data, including sector-specific energy prices and taxes, as well as the use of advanced statistical techniques, such as co-integration analysis and panel-regression techniques along with the time-series estimated macro-economic model E3ME, make this a truly comprehensive volume. On the basis of the lessons learned in Europe, this volume indicates how carbon-energy taxation could usefully be combined with emissions trading, and discusses implications for future international climate policy, including how the IPCC recommendations for a gradual escalation in carbon price could be accomplished while preventing carbon leakage.