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The liquid flowfield in a full or partially-filled right circular cylinder in rapid axial rotation is investigated numerically. The governing equations ar the axisymmetric, unsteady, viscous, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. These equations are written in stream function-vorticity form for a cylindrical coordinate system in a nonrotating reference frame. The governing equations are discretized using second-order finite-differences for time and space on a nonuniform grid employing logarithmic stretching in regions where high flow gradients are anticipated. Time dependent solutions for Reynolds numbers between 1,000 and 100,000 have been obtained using a Gauss-Seidel relaxation procedure. For partially filled cases the free surface is assumed to be cylindrical and located at a constant radius from the axis of spin. Numerical solutions for full cylinders are consistent with previous solutions and experimental data. Numerical solutions for a partially-filled cylinder are consistent with experimental data for a liquid centrifuge except at the free surface. Computations of the roll moment exerted on the cylinder by the contained liquid shows a smaller moment for the partially-filled compared with the full cylinder results. Keywords: Finite difference, Incompressible flow, Liquid filled projectile, Liquid moment, Unsteady flow, Rotating liquids. (MJM).
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Unsteady algorithms Fully Implicit and Crank Nicholson were developed for body fitted curvilinear coordinate system to study the incompressible flow over two-dimensional ellipses. In addition, explicit cyclic boundary condition was implemented to facilitate analysis of vortex shedding. Unsteady flow over circular cylinders was simulated for different Reynolds numbers and compared with experimental data. Flow over ellipses was simulated to study the effect of aspect ratio on drag coefficient. It was observed that the drag coefficient increased as the aspect ratio increased reaching an asymptotic value as the ellipse approached a flat plate.
In a microgravity experiment, the conditions prevalent in fluid phases can be substantially different from those on the ground and can be exploited to improve different processes. Fluid physics research in microgravity is important for the advancement of all microgravity scients: life, material, and engineering. Space flight provides a unique laboratory that allows scientists to improve their understanding of the behaviour of fluids in low gravity, allowing the investigation of phenomena and processes normally masked by the effects of gravity and thus difficult to study on Earth. Physics of Fluids in Microgravity provides a clear view of recent research and progress in the different fields of fluid research in space. The topics presented include bubles and drops dynamics, Maragoni flows, diffustion and thermodiffusion, solidfication,a nd crystal growth. The results obtained so far are, in some cases, to be confirmed by extensive research activities on the International Space station, where basic and applied microgravity experimentation will take place in the years to come.