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This second edition is extensively revised throughout with expanded discussion of modeling fundamentals and coverage of advances in model calibration and uncertainty analysis that are revolutionizing the science of groundwater modeling. The text is intended for undergraduate and graduate level courses in applied groundwater modeling and as a comprehensive reference for environmental consultants and scientists/engineers in industry and governmental agencies. Explains how to formulate a conceptual model of a groundwater system and translate it into a numerical model Demonstrates how modeling concepts, including boundary conditions, are implemented in two groundwater flow codes-- MODFLOW (for finite differences) and FEFLOW (for finite elements) Discusses particle tracking methods and codes for flowpath analysis and advective transport of contaminants Summarizes parameter estimation and uncertainty analysis approaches using the code PEST to illustrate how concepts are implemented Discusses modeling ethics and preparation of the modeling report Includes Boxes that amplify and supplement topics covered in the text Each chapter presents lists of common modeling errors and problem sets that illustrate concepts
This document provides details of three research projects. First, a review was conducted on the hydrologic model, ParFlow v3.5.0, to provide information on ParFlow in a format that targets a broader community than a user manual or articles describing specific applications of the model. The history of ParFlow's development, core functionality, model equation discretization and solvers, parallel scaling and performance efficiency, and coupling capabilities of ParFlow with atmospheric, land surface, and subsurface models were discussed. The second project used ParFlow to simulate hydrogeologic conditions of the Walla Walla River Basin (WWRB), southeast Washington and northeast Oregon. Specifically, numerical simulations were performed to test the response of the unconfined aquifer system of the WWRB to supplemental managed aquifer recharge (MAR) scenarios, given a required minimum in-stream flows (ISFs) in the WWR over a 100-year period. The simulations indicated that maintaining minimum ISFs in the WWR and relocating some of the MAR sites downgradient could lead to balanced benefits to all users. The final research project focused on the creation of a three-dimensional groundwater flow model for the Pullman-Moscow Basin, north-central Idaho and southeastern Washington with MODFLOW-2005. The model was used to evaluate alternative water management scenarios to find long-term solutions to aquifer depletion. Model creation and calibration were done using existing hydrogeologic conditions and parameters estimated from previous studies in the basin, and suggestions of future updates to limit model assumptions and uncertainties were provided. Simulation results indicated that pumping less than 25 percent of historic rates (1983-2018) would stabilize/improve groundwater levels in Pullman and Moscow areas.
CD-ROM contains: Complete FORTRAN source code for MODOFC -- Executable compiled using the Lahey F77L-EM/32 FORTRAN 77 Compiler -- Documentatiion for MODOFC -- Sample problems -- HTML files from the MODOFC Web site.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Advances in Analytical and Numerical Groundwater Flow and Quality Modelling, Lisbon, Portugal, June 2-6, 1987
This valuable new book, with 2 programs on diskettes, will help practitioners in solving groundwater flow and contamination problems by integrating simulation techniques. The reader is expected to have knowledge of hydrogeology, and have access to books on groundwater hydrogeology. Two microcomputer programs, in compiled FORTRAN 77 with source codes for simulating quasi-three-dimensional groundwater flow and contaminant migration, are presented in this book. The numerical and analytical techniques incorporated in these programs are described in detail. Data entry has been simplified so that the user can run the programs without worrying about FORTRAN input file structures and editors. The basic requirements are a monitor, dot-matrix printer, and an IBM-PC or compatible computer running DOS Version 2.1 or compatible. Programs require a full 640K RAM (minus that used by DOS) for their operation.
In many parts of the world, groundwater resources are under increasing threat from growing demands, wasteful use, and contamination. To face the challenge, good planning and management practices are needed. A key to the management of groundwater is the ability to model the movement of fluids and contaminants in the subsurface. The purpose of this book is to construct conceptual and mathematical models that can provide the information required for making decisions associated with the management of groundwater resources, and the remediation of contaminated aquifers. The basic approach of this book is to accurately describe the underlying physics of groundwater flow and solute transport in heterogeneous porous media, starting at the microscopic level, and to rigorously derive their mathematical representation at the macroscopic levels. The well-posed, macroscopic mathematical models are formulated for saturated, single phase flow, as well as for unsaturated and multiphase flow, and for the transport of single and multiple chemical species. Numerical models are presented and computer codes are reviewed, as tools for solving the models. The problem of seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers is examined and modeled. The issues of uncertainty in model input data and output are addressed. The book concludes with a chapter on the management of groundwater resources. Although one of the main objectives of this book is to construct mathematical models, the amount of mathematics required is kept minimal.