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Focusing on glaciation and speleogenesis in the region of New York and New England, this book serves as an example of a karst region that has experienced large-scale continental glaciation. It reviews the literature on the controls of glaciation on karst development, exploring examples from the marbles of the Adirondacks, New England and eastern New York, the Ordovician strata of northern New York and the Siluro-Devonian strata of central New York. Each of these areas is examined in detail, demonstrating the evolution of thought on glaciated karst through case studies of individual caves as well as larger cave systems. Additionally, this book describes the geology and glaciation, the evolution of karst landscapes from pre-glacial times to the present and human interaction with the caves in the region.
The report and accompanying map describe and interpret the terrain conditions across 48,000 km2 of the coast and hinterland of Hudson Bay. The surface mapping of materials was combined with a study of river exposures in order to reconstruct the preglacial and glacial evolution of the landscape, and postglacial changes in permafrost, climate, and sea level. The geological interpretation was used to locate anomalously high concentrations of minerals of economic value, including gold and uranium, assess aggregate sources, identify areas of sensitive permafrost terrain, and to predict future environmental change.