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As our society ages, the topic of cognitive aging is becoming increasingly important. This volume provides an accessible overview of how the cognitive system changes as a function of normal aging. Building on the successful first edition, this volume provide an even more comprehensive coverage of the major issues affecting memory, attention, language, speech and other aspects of cognitive functioning. The essential chapters from the first edition have been thoroughly revised and updated and new chapters have been introduced which draw in neuroscience studies and more applied topics. In addition, contributors were encouraged to ensure their chapters are accessible to students studying the topic for the first time. This therefore makes the volume appealing as a textbook on senior undergraduate and graduate courses.
For most Americans, staying "mentally sharp" as they age is a very high priority. Declines in memory and decision-making abilities may trigger fears of Alzheimer's disease or other neurodegenerative diseases. However, cognitive aging is a natural process that can have both positive and negative effects on cognitive function in older adults - effects that vary widely among individuals. At this point in time, when the older population is rapidly growing in the United States and across the globe, it is important to examine what is known about cognitive aging and to identify and promote actions that individuals, organizations, communities, and society can take to help older adults maintain and improve their cognitive health. Cognitive Aging assesses the public health dimensions of cognitive aging with an emphasis on definitions and terminology, epidemiology and surveillance, prevention and intervention, education of health professionals, and public awareness and education. This report makes specific recommendations for individuals to reduce the risks of cognitive decline with aging. Aging is inevitable, but there are actions that can be taken by individuals, families, communities, and society that may help to prevent or ameliorate the impact of aging on the brain, understand more about its impact, and help older adults live more fully and independent lives. Cognitive aging is not just an individual or a family or a health care system challenge. It is an issue that affects the fabric of society and requires actions by many and varied stakeholders. Cognitive Aging offers clear steps that individuals, families, communities, health care providers and systems, financial organizations, community groups, public health agencies, and others can take to promote cognitive health and to help older adults live fuller and more independent lives. Ultimately, this report calls for a societal commitment to cognitive aging as a public health issue that requires prompt action across many sectors.
Possible new breakthroughs in understanding the aging mind that can be used to benefit older people are now emerging from research. This volume identifies the key scientific advances and the opportunities they bring. For example, science has learned that among older adults who do not suffer from Alzheimer's disease or other dementias, cognitive decline may depend less on loss of brain cells than on changes in the health of neurons and neural networks. Research on the processes that maintain neural health shows promise of revealing new ways to promote cognitive functioning in older people. Research is also showing how cognitive functioning depends on the conjunction of biology and culture. The ways older people adapt to changes in their nervous systems, and perhaps the changes themselves, are shaped by past life experiences, present living situations, changing motives, cultural expectations, and emerging technology, as well as by their physical health status and sensory-motor capabilities. Improved understanding of how physical and contextual factors interact can help explain why some cognitive functions are impaired in aging while others are spared and why cognitive capability is impaired in some older adults and spared in others. On the basis of these exciting findings, the report makes specific recommends that the U.S. government support three major new initiatives as the next steps for research.
Since they began in 1955, the Duke Longitudinal Studies have aging have been regarded as landmark investigations, amassing invaluable data on the typical physical changes that accompany aging, typical patterns of mental health and mental illness, psychological aging, and the normal social roles, self-concepts, satisfactions, and adjustments to retirement of the aged. Comprising information on more than 750 aged and middle-aged persons, these studies have contributed enormously to our ability to distinguish normal and inevitable processes of aging from those that may accompany aging because of accident, stress, maladjustment, or disuse.
In Understanding the Older Consumer, Barrie Gunter provides a detailed examination of the demographic, behavioural and psychological profiles of the older consumer. He shows that without the responsibilities of loans and child raising and with better financial provision than in previous years, the over-50s represent a powerful spending force. In order to reach this group, Barrie Gunter shows how to target advertising and respond to the changes that have occurred. Understanding the Older Consumer provides a wealth of information on older people's lifestyles and leisure, their interest in the mass media, their perceptions of advertising and their shopping.
Essential Papers on the Psychology of Aging contains the classic papers on the period of human development that begins with young adulthood and ends with old age and death. Including material on theory and methodology; basic psychological processes; personality and social psychology; and clinical, applied, and health psychology, the volume presents the best work published in the field, from classic papers to cutting-edge research. Contributors to the volume include P. B. Baltes, J. E. Birren, W. E. Henry, K. F. Riegel, K. W. Schaie, D. Arenberg, H. P. Bahrick, L. K. Hall, D. B. Bromley, D. M. Burke, L. L. Light, N. Charness, F. I. M. Craik, J. McDowd, J. C. Foster, G. A. Taylor, J. G. Gilbert, J. L. Horn, R. B. Cattrell, H. E. Jones, H. S. Conrad, H. C. Lehman, C. C. Miles, W. R. Miles, A. E. D. Schonfield, E. A. Robertson, K. Sward, A. T. Welford, P. T. Costa, R. R. McCrae, B. L. Frederickson, L. L. Carstensen, D. Gutmann, J. S. Jackson, L. M. Chattters, R. J. Taylor, R. Kastenbaum, N. Kogan, M. E. Lachman, G. Bavouvie-Vief, M. De Voe, D. Bulka, M. F. Lowenthal, C. Haven, R. Schulz, M. M. Baltes, S. Honn, E. M. Barton, M. Orzech, D. Lago, F. M. Carp, M. F. Elias, N. R. Schultz, M. A. Robbins, P. K. Elias, R. L. Kahn, S. H. Zarit, N. M. Hilbert, G. Niederehe, J. K. Kiecolt- Glaser, R. Glaser, E. C. Shuttleworth, C. S. Cyer, P. Ogrocki, C. E. Speicher, B. Simon, M. A. Lieberman, S. S. Tobin, V. N. Prock, G. M. McEvoy, W. F. Cascio, S. A. Murrell, S. Himmelbarb, B. L. Neugarten, R. J. Havighurst, C. D. Ryff, K. W. Schaie, S. L. Willis, F. Scogin, L. McElreth, and L. W. Thompson.
This volume of the ARGG is devoted to the behavioral sciences, with particular attention given to topics in experimental and applied psychology. With the rapid rate of research in this field of aging, the contributors address a number of important basic and applied topics that are underrepresented in other literature.