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"Spectroscopy has become the organic chemist's most important tool in identifying compounds and studying their interactions. The arsenal of techniques available to the research chemist has, over the years, expanded from the familiar infrared, proton nmr and mass spectroscopy, to include the routine use of carbon-13 nmr spectroscopy and such modern methods of data acquisition as Fourier transform nmr, laser Raman spectroscopy, and UV spectroscopy. This book serves as an introduction to all of the major spectroscopic techniques, using over 200 actual spectra as examples, and providing a substantial number of problems and completely worked-through solutions that demonstrate how spectral techniques are applied to analytical problems. The book represents a significant departure from the scope of general spectroscopy texts. In addition to the usual chapters on infrared, proton nmr and mass spectroscopy, a number of increasingly important techniques have been included for the first time. Chapter 4, for instance, introduces not only the analysis of proton nmr spectra, but also describes iteration of theoretical nmr spectra for a best fit with observed experimental spectra using the popular LAOCOON III program. A complete FORTRAN listing for a conversational pendix I. Chapter 5 presents a non-mathematical description of Fourier transform nmr, including signal averaging, decoupling methods, quadrature detection, and the Fourier transform itself, and Chapter 6 goes on to describe Fourier transform techniques in carbon-13 spectroscopy. Chapter 7 introduces simple Huckel M.O. theory and the SHMO program for calculating the resonance stabilization of various systems, material which lays the groundwork for Chapter 8's discussion of ultraviolet spectroscopy using examples of ways in which energies can be correlated with SHMO parameters. A SHMO timesharing conversational program is listed in Appendix II. Finally, Chapter 10 outlines the organic chemical applications of laser Raman spectroscopy and the functional groups most easily identified using this method. Both organic chemists and graduate and advanced undergraduate students will find in the book's breadth of coverage an ideal introduction to the identification of organic compounds by spectroscopic means."- Publisher.
Given the inherent complexity of food products, most instrumental techniques employed for quality and authenticity evaluation (e.g., chromatographic methods) are time demanding, expensive, and involve a considerable amount of manual labor. Therefore, there has been an increasing interest in simpler, faster, and reliable analytical methods for assessing food quality attributes. Spectroscopic Methods in Food Analysis presents the basic concepts of spectroscopic methods, together with a discussion on the most important applications in food analysis. The determination of product quality and authenticity and the detection of adulteration are major issues in the food industry, causing concern among consumers and special attention among food manufacturers. As such, this book explains why spectroscopic methods have been extensively employed to the analysis of food products as they often require minimal or no sample preparation, provide rapid and on-line analysis, and have the potential to run multiple tests on a single sample (i.e., non-destructive). This book consists of concepts related to food quality and authenticity, that are quite broad, given the different demands of the manufacturer, the consumer, the surveillance and the legislative bodies that ultimately provide healthy and safe products.
Analytical Methods for Pesticides and Plant Growth Regulators, Volume IX: Spectroscopic Methods of Analysis covers the progress in spectroscopic methods for pesticide analysis. The book discusses the use of high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for the analysis of heat-labile compounds; and the applications of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and related techniques, and visible and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The text also describes the applications of spectrophotofluorometry, infrared spectrometry, and a collection of infrared spectra of important pesticides. Toxicologists, chemists, and people working in pesticide laboratories will find the book invaluable.
A knowledge of spectroscopic methods is required to interpret the shape and structure of compounds - this informative book concentrates on their application to inorganic compounds. The emphasis is placed on obtaining and interpreting the data rather than concentrating on the theory. To this end, examples are given in the text and worked through to show the processes involved in assigning spectra and obtaining information from them. This essential text for all undergraduate chemists will also benefit postgraduate students researching in the field of inorganic chemistry.
Unique in its comprehensive coverage of not only theoretical methods but also applications in computational spectroscopy, this ready reference and handbook compiles the developments made over the last few years, from single molecule studies to the simulation of clusters and the solid state, from organic molecules to complex inorganic systems and from basic research to commercial applications in the area of environment relevance. In so doing, it covers a multitude of apparatus-driven technologies, starting with the common and traditional spectroscopic methods, more recent developments (THz), as well as rather unusual methodologies and systems, such as the prediction of parity violation, rare gas HI complexes or theoretical spectroscopy of the transition state. With its summarized results of so many different disciplines, this timely book will be of interest to newcomers to this hot topic while equally informing experts about developments in neighboring fields.
Modern Techniques for Food Authentication, Second Edition presents a comprehensive review of the novel techniques available to authenticate food products, including various spectroscopic technologies, methods based on isotopic analysis and chromatography, and other techniques based on DNA, enzymatic analysis and electrophoresis. This new edition pinpoints research and development trends for those working in research, development and operations in the food industry, giving them readily accessible information on modern food authentication techniques to ensure a safe and authentic food supply. It will also serve as an essential reference source to undergraduate and postgraduate students, and for researchers in universities and research institutions. - Presents emerging imaging techniques that have proven to be powerful, non-destructive tools for food authentication - Includes applications of hyperspectral imaging to reflect the current trend of developments in food imaging technology for each topic area - Provides pixel level visualization techniques needed for fast and effective food sample testing - Contains two new chapters on Imaging Spectroscopic Techniques
Covers the advantages of using photothermal spectroscopy over conventional absorption spectroscopy, including facilitating extremely sensitive measurements and non-destructive analysis This unique guide to the application and theory of photothermal spectroscopy has been newly revised and updated to include new methods and applications and expands on applications to chemical analysis and material science. The book covers the subject from the ground up, lists all practical considerations needed to obtain accurate results, and provides a working knowledge of the various methods in use. Photothermal Spectroscopy Methods, Second Edition includes the latest methods of solid state and materials analysis, and describes new chemical analysis procedures and apparatuses in the analytical chemistry sections. It offers a detailed look at the optics, physical principles of heat transfer, and signal analysis. Information in the temperature change and optical elements in homogeneous samples and photothermal spectroscopy in homogeneous samples has been updated with a better description of diffraction effects and calculations. Chapters on analytical measurement and data processing and analytical applications are also updated and include new information on modern applications and photothermal microscopy. Finally, the Photothermal Spectroscopy of Heterogeneous Sample chapter has been expanded to incorporate new methods for materials analysis. New edition updates and expands on applications to chemical analysis and materials science, including new methods of solid state and materials analysis Includes new chemical analysis procedures and apparatuses Provides an unmatched resource that develops a consistent mathematical basis for signal description, consolidates previous theories, and provides invaluable insight into laser technology Photothermal Spectroscopy Methods, Second Edition will appeal to researchers from both academia and industry (graduate students, postdocs, research scientists, and professors) in the general field of analytical chemistry, optics, and materials science, and researchers and engineers at scientific instrument developers in fields related to photonics and spectroscopy.
This ninth volume in the series concentrates on in situ spectroscopic methods and combines a balanced mixture of theory and applications, making it highly readable for chemists and physicists, as well as for materials scientists and engineers. As with the previous volumes, all the chapters continue the high standards of this series, containing numerous references to further reading and the original literature, for easy access to this new field. The editors have succeeded in selecting highly topical areas of research and in presenting authors who are leaders in their fields, covering such diverse topics as diffraction studies of the electrode-solution interface, thin organic films at electrode surfaces, linear and non-linear spectroscopy as well as sum frequency generation studies of the electrified solid-solution interface, plus quantitative SNIFTIRS and PM-IRRAS. Special attention is paid to recent advances and developments, which are critically and thoroughly discussed. The result is a compelling set of reviews, serving equally well as an excellent and up-to-date source of information for experienced researchers in the field, as well as as an introduction for newcomers.
Provides a complete and up-to-date introduction to the technique, taking account of developments in instrumentation for remote and non-invasive measurements and significant advances in calibration and mathematics. The clear explanation of practical and theoretical aspects of the techniques and mathematical treatments available will be essential reading for those working in the food industry and for anyone approaching NIR for the first time.