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The effect of combined extreme transient loadings on a structure is not well understood—whether the source is man-made, such as an explosion and fire, or natural, such as an earthquake or extreme wind loading. A critical assessment of current knowledge is timely (with Fukushima-like disasters or terrorist threats). The central issue in all these problems is structural integrity, along with their transient nature, their unexpectedness, and often the uncertainty behind their cause. No single traditional scientific discipline provides complete answers, rather, a number of tools need to be brought together: nonlinear dynamics, probability theory, some understanding of the physical nature of the problem, as well as modeling and computational techniques for representing inelastic behavior mechanisms. Nonlinear Dynamics of Structures Under Extreme Transient Loads covers model building for different engineering structures and provides detailed presentations of extreme loading conditions. A number of illustrations are given quantifying; a plane crash or explosion induced impact loading, the effects of strong earthquake motion, and the impact and long-duration effects of strong stormy winds—along with a relevant framework for using modern computational tools. The book considers the levels of reserve in existing structures, and ways of reducing the negative impact of high-risk situations by employing sounder design procedures.
A computer program, TARA-3, developed for conducting nonlinear hysteretic dynamic response analysis is presented. The program can operate in either a total or effective stress mode. It may be used to analyse the seismic response of earth structures and soil-structures interaction systems such as nuclear containment structures. Validation studies of TARA-3 using data from seismic tests on centrifuged models are described. These studies confirm the capability of TARA-3 to predict accelerations, porewater pressures, and displacements in complex soil-structures systems during seismic loading with acceptable accuracy and reliability for engineering design. Keywords: Earth quake engineering; Nonlinear dynamic analysis; Hysteretic stress strain model; Seismic centrifuge tests; Seismic porewater pressures; Seismic settlements; Accelerations; Displacements. (jhd).