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NOAA Technical Memorandum CRCP 11. Identifies goals, objectives, and approaches to guide NOAA's research, management, and international cooperation activities on deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems for fiscal years 2010 through 2019. Integrates research and conservation needs and is intended to be a flexible, evolving document that allows NOAA and its partners to address new management challenges and priorities as appropriate. The primary goal of this Strategic Plan is to improve the understanding, conservation, and management of deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems.
"On January 20-21, 2010, scientists and resource managers met in Portland, Oregon to further define the exploration and research priorities laid out in the NOAA Strategic Plan for Deep-Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems, and to identify critical information needs for deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems off the U.S. West Coast. The ultimate goal of the workshop was to identify steps to improve the understanding, conservation, and management of these ecosystems. Workshop participants represented a broad range of stakeholders including the Federal government, the Pacific Fishery Management Council, tribes, academia, private industry, and nongovernmental organizations (See Appendix C for a list of participants)"--Introduction.
"On July 7-8, 2009, scientists and resource managers met in Wilmington, North Carolina to further define the exploration and research priorities laid out in the NOAA Strategic Plan for Deep-Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems, and to identify critical information needs for deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems in the U.S. South Atlantic. The ultimate goal of the workshop was to identify steps to improve the understanding, conservation, and management of these ecosystems. Workshop participants represented a broad range of stakeholders including the Federal government, the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council (SAFMC), academia, private industry, and nongovernmental organizations"--Introduction.
"On August 9-10, 2011, scientists and resource managers met at the James J. Howard Marine Science Laboratory, in Highlands, NJ to further define the exploration and research priorities laid out in the NOAA Strategic Plan for Deep-Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems, and to identify critical information needs for deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems off the Northeast U.S. coast. The workshop was funded by NOAA's Deep-Sea Coral Research and Technology Program. The ultimate goal of the workshop was to identify steps necessary to improve the understanding needed to conserve and manage these deep-sea ecosystems. Workshop participants represented a broad range of stakeholders including the Federal government, the New England and the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Councils, academia, private industry, nongovernmental organizations and Canadian academic and governmental representatives (See Appendix A for a list of participants)"--Introduction.
"In 2009, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) launched the Deep-Sea Coral Research and Technology Program (DSCRTP) following the reauthorization of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act. The goal of the DSCRTP is to provide scientific information needed to manage, conserve and protect deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems throughout the United States (NOAA 2008; Hourigan 2009). The Program is guided by the NOAA Strategic Plan for Deep-Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems and aims to (1) support NOAA's role in managing fishing impacts by addressing threats to deep-sea coral ecosystems, (2) support conservation of deep-sea ecosystems in national marine sanctuaries, and (3) integrate expertise and resources across NOAA (NOAA 2010). The DSCRTP works in collaboration with fishery management councils, national marine sanctuaries, other federal agencies, and academic partners to support studies that analyze information on (1) deep-sea coral ecosystems, (2) fishing intensity in areas that impact deep-sea corals, and (3) bycatch of corals and sponges in deepwater fisheries (NOAA 2010). In addition to these studies, the DSCRTP supports multi-year fieldwork initiatives in priority regions centered on collecting new information that is relevant to the management and conservation of deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems. Since its inception, the DSCRTP has funded targeted fieldwork initiatives in the U.S. South Atlantic (2009-2011), the West Coast (2010-2012), Alaska (2012-2014), the Northeast (2013- 2015), and the U.S. Pacific Islands (2015-2017). For clarification, deep-sea corals, also known as cold-water corals, are defined as azooxanthellate (heterotrophic) corals generally found at depths below 50 m (Cairns 2007; NOAA 2010). As a result of lacking photosynthetic zooxanthellae, deep-sea corals are found in darker and typically deeper depths than light-dependent (autotrophic) mesophotic corals. The latter are typically found at depths between 30-50 m, but may extend to depths as deep as 150 m in some locations with high water clarity (Puglise et al. 2009; Kahng et al. 2010). Thus, while mesophotic and deep-water coral ecosystems may be found at overlapping depths, they can be differentiated by whether they are dominated by corals that depend on photosynthetic zooxanthellae. In this regard, DSCRTP-funded research focuses on different coral ecosystems than those supported by other NOAA efforts, such as the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP), which focuses on shallow-water coral reefs (
"The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Deep-Sea Coral Research and Technology Program (DSCRTP) was launched in 2009, following the reauthorization of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (MSA). The goal is to provide scientific information needed to conserve and manage deep-sea coral ecosystems in the United States (NOAA 2008; Hourigan 2009). The Program is guided by the NOAA Strategic Plan for Deep-Sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems, which aims to (1) produce sound science to support NOAA’s role in managing fishing impacts and to address threats to deep-sea coral ecosystems, (2) support conservation of deep-sea ecosystems in National Marine Sanctuaries, and (3) integrate the expertise and resources available across NOAA (NOAA 2010a). The Program works in consultation with regional fishery management councils and in partnership with other federal agencies and academic partners to support focused, three-year research initiatives in priority regions, through analysis of existing information about deep-sea coral ecosystems, studies of the distribution and intensity of fishing activities that impact deep-sea corals in federal waters, and investigations of coral and sponge bycatch in fisheries (NOAA 2010a). Since its inception, the DSCRTP has funded targeted research initiatives in the South Atlantic (2009-2011) (Figure 1), the West Coast (2010-2012), Alaska (2012-2014), the Northeast (2013-2015), and the Pacific Islands (2015-2017)"--Introduction. [doi:10.7289/V5/TM-SEFSC-695 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-SEFSC-695)]
Interrelationships Between Corals and Fisheries is derived from a workshop held by the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council in Tampa, Florida in May 2013, where world authorities came together to discuss the current problems in managing tropical fisheries and offered suggestions for future directions for both researchers and environmental reso