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It seems that there is no book that treats the measurement of the physical pa rameters of explosives as its only subject, although limited information is avail able in a number of books. Therefore, I have tried to bridge this gap in the lit erature with this book. A large number of various physical parameters have to be determined ex perimentally in order to test or characterise an explosive. Various physical principles have been applied for such measurements. Accordingly, a large number of different experimental methods exist, as well as various testing appa ratuses and procedures. On the other hand, great progress has been made recently in the study of detonation phenomena. New measuring techniques can assess extremely short processes to below nanoseconds scale. They make it possible to determine im portant parameters in detonation physics. I have made a great attempt to cover the available literature data on the subject. Because it would be a highly demanding task to include in a single volume all the methods that are in use by various testing agencies, I have tried to give primarily the principles for determination of individual physical pa rameters of explosives by different measuring methods as well as data treatment procedures.
A revised small scale gap test (SSGT) has been developed. It employs a 1.4-inch long, 0.2-inch diameter RDX column loaded in a brass cylinder as a donor. The acceptor is of similar configuration. The sensitivity of the explosive loaded in the acceptor is determined by the test as a function of the thickness of the lucite barrier which is used to moderate the donor output. The mean firing sensitivity, for instance, is determined from the thickness of lucite at which 50% response would be expected. By revision of methods and design, and by careful control of the loading and the testing conditions, the resolution of the revised SSGT has been improved by a factor of 4 to 5 over that of the original SSGT.
This book represents a collection of lectures presented at the NATO Advanced study Institute(ASI) on "Chemistry & Physics of the Molecular Processes in Energetic Materials", held at Hotel Torre Normanna, Altavilla Milicia, Sicily, Italy, September 3 to 15, 1989. The institute was attended by seventy participants including twenty lecturers, drawn from thirteen countries. The purpose of the institute was to review the major ad vances made in recent years in the theoretical and experi mental aspects of explosives and propellants. In accordance with the format of the NATO ASI, it was arranged to have a relatively small number of speakers to present in depth, re view type lectures emphasizing the basic research aspects of the subject, over a two week period. Most of the speakers gave two lectures, each in excess of one hour with addition al time for discussions. The scope of the meeting was limit ed to molecular and spectroscopic studies since the hydro dynamic aspects of detonation and various performance crite ria of energetic materials are often covered adequately in other international meetings. An attempt was made to have a coherent presentation of various theoretical, computational and spectroscopic approaches to help a better understanding of energetic materials from a molecular point of view. The progress already made in these areas is such that structure property (e. g.
The report describes a small scale gap test (SSGT) used at MRL for the assessment of shock sensitivity of high explosives. Details of the test assembly, procedure and analysis of results, along with results for a range of explosives and explosive compositions are presented. A specially designed explosive firing cell is also described. The MRL SSGT has proved to be a simple, convenient and relatively cheap method for the assessment of shock sensitivity. Results are reproducible and provide a good indication of relative shock sensitivity.