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Present day cardiology is in great need of non invasive, non toxic, and inexpensive devices which permit the delineation and visualization of normal and abnormal intracardiac structures, the calculation of intra cardiac volumes and study of contractility of the cardiac muscle. All of these may become within our reach if the principles outlined in this book and the preliminary clinical experience can be validated in general cardiac practise. The gist of one of the devices (visualization of the in vivo moving heart recorded on a short motion picture) is available to the interested reader on a 16 mm filmstrip. Rotterdam, June 1972 P. G. Hugenholtz Professor of Cardiology CONTENTS CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION TO ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY 9 1. General remarks 9 2. Purpose of this study 10 CHAPTER II PRINCIPLES OF ULTRASOUND 12 The piezo-electric effect 1- 12 2. Some physical properties of ultrasound 13 a. Attenuation 13 b. Reflection of sound 13 c. Near and far field 13 3. Scanning and recording techniques 15 a. Example of depth sonar 15 b. A-scan and Time-Motion recording 17 c. Single element 8-scan techniques 17 4. The Doppler effect 17 CHAPTER III PRESENT APPLICATIONS IN CARDIOLOGY 19 1. General remarks 19 2. Mitral stenosis 20 3. Pericardial effusion 23 4. Other applications 26 a. Mitral insufficiency 26 b. Tricuspid stenosis 26 c. Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis 26 d. Aortic valve study 26 e. Internal dimensions 27 5. On the use of Doppler 28 6.
The book provides a practically focused review of the latest techniques used for hemodynamic assessment in the echocardiography laboratory. It features a methodical case-based approach covering how to measure hemodynamic parameters successfully, including stroke volume, valve area and regurgitation severity, in a range of scenarios of varying complexity. Step-by-step guidance on how to apply the techniques described are provided. Each chapter also contains didactic features to assist the reader in assimilating the key points in every case, assisting them to develop their knowledge of how to treat patients with both routine and complex hemodynamic issues in the echocardiograply laboratory. Hemodynamics in the Echocardiography Laboratory therefore represents a concise resource on how to carry out hemodynamic assessments and is a valuable resource for trainees and fellows in cardiology and echocardiography seeking a concise review of the topic.
Dr. Otto's best-selling text not only explains how to qualitatively and quantitatively interpret echocardiographic images and Doppler flow data, but also outlines how this information affects your clinical decision making. This edition features new chapters on tissue doppler, intracardiac echocardiography, hand-held echocardiography, and echocardiography in inherited connective tissue disorders. A companion DVD offers case-based multiple-choice questions to help you assess your understanding. Whether you are attempting to choose a course of therapy, ascertain the optimal timing for intervention, arrive at a prognosis, or determine the possible need for periodic diagnostic evaluation, this is an essential resource you'll consult time and time again. Delivers clear and concise coverage of the basics of image acquisition that explains the how and why of echocardiography. Reflects the latest technology and standards of practice. Provides a clinically based approach to echocardiography, with an in-depth discussion of the main cardiac events seen in practice, including adult congenital heart disease. Devotes extensive detail to training, education, and quality assurance-making it the most comprehensive text on echocardiography. Includes a practical outline called The Echo Exam at the end of each chapter that presents necessary calculations, diagnoses, and examples along with guidance on how to interpret outcomes. Includes a bonus DVD containing 3 cases and 5 multiple-choice questions for each chapter that test your knowledge of the material. Perfect resource for Residents preparing for the boards. Offers an expanded section on echocardiography techniques that explains the latest applications for all types of practices. Discusses new echocardiography modalities, including contrast and 3-D echocardiography, so you can utilize the most promising new approaches for your patients. Includes new chapters on tissue doppler, intracardiac echocardiography, hand-held echocardiography, and echocardiography in inherited connective tissue disorders. Uses new, full-color line drawings and new color Doppler images to help you easily visualize cardiac problems.
FEATURES:1. A graphical summary of the noninvasive echocardiographic assessment ofkey caddiac physiological and hemodynamic concepts.2. Topics covered: the cardiac cycle, blood flow hemodyamics and Dopplerprofiles, echo correlates of normal intracardiac pressures and related hemodynamic parameters, Bernouilli equation, right heart hemodynamics, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, left heart hemodynamics, diastolic function parameters, stroke volume, cardiac output, ejection fraction, and the continuity principle and equation................This is the seventh volume in the introductory foundation series in echocardiography. The aim is to foster optimal image acquisition and interpretation in adult transthoracic echocardiography in this era of "democratization" of the technology.It is a useful introductory reference for cardiac sonographers, allied health professionals, medical students, medical residents, fellows, and specialists. Indeed, it is for all who wish to move beyond the traditional stethoscope, and "see rather than just hear."
Basic Concepts in Doppler Echocardiography The objective of this textbook is to offer a detailed yet concise overview of the various applications of Doppler echocardiography. The fundamental principles of pulsed mode, continuous mode, and color flow mapping are fully explained as well as the clinical applications of each modality in the evaluation of various cardiac pathologies. A copious amount of figures and illustrations is included so that the reader is able to follow the discussions in the text by referring to the appropriate case studies. The emphasis of this book is focused upon the practical Doppler examination. The sections on theoretical considerations are therefore brief but comprehensive, while the didactic sections concentrate upon how to perform and interpret the clinical examination. The instrumentation of the Doppler system is also discussed so that the physician or technologist can acquire a basic understanding of how the Doppler system actually functions. CONTRmUTORS Bjorn AJ. Angelsen Dr. Tech. Professor of Biomedical Engineering University of Trondheim Trondheim , Norway Phillip Brun M. D. Director of Research Department of illtrasonology University Medical Center, Henri Mondor Paris , France Albert Meguira M. Sc. Biomedical Engineer Sonotron / Diasonics Paris , France and the Department of illtrasonology University Medical Center, Henri Mondor Paris , France Andreas Strauss M. D. Department of illtrasonology University Medical Center, Henri Mondor Paris France Sandra Yanushka B. Sc.
Echocardiography remains the most commonly used imaging technique to visualize the heart and great vessels, and this clinically oriented text by Drs. Scott D. Solomon, Justina C. Wu, and Linda D. Gillam helps you make the most of its diagnostic and prognostic potential for your patients. Part of the highly regarded Braunwald’s family of cardiology references, Essential Echocardiography expertly covers basic principles of anatomy and physiology, the appearance of normal variants across a wide range of cardiovascular diseases, and the hands-on approaches necessary to acquire and interpret optimal echocardiographic images in the clinical setting. Abundant illustrations provide a superb visual learning experience both in print and online. Images convey clear, classic examples that represent decades of experience over multiple institutions, as well as recent advances in the field. More than 485 accompanying video clips mirror the images in the text, with easy-to-follow links from the figure citation to the video online. Each section includes one or two clinical cases that illustrate key concepts. Written by expert echocardiographers and sonographers who emphasize practical applications throughout the text, and superbly illustrated by physician-artist Dr. Bernard Bulwer. Ideal for anyone currently using or learning to use echocardiography, including cardiologists, cardiology fellows, sonographers, anesthesiologists, critical care physicians, emergency physicians, radiologists, residents, and medical students. Expert ConsultTM eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
This book is a step-by-step manual for the complete echo-novice. It should be the only book needed to become a proficient echocardiographer. The text focuses on the practicalities of performing an examination, and the interpretation of images. Avoiding unnecessary technicalities, it places particular emphasis on the diagnostic features of sample cases and covers the entire breadth of adult cardiology. The majority of the echo images are also available in a dynamic form on the Expert Consult platform. Also included is access to 100 case scenarios and images for self-assessment interpretation. The combination of the book and the website materials provides an unparalleled learning experience for people who do not routinely practise echocardiography. . The text covers the basic concepts of how ultrasound works and looks at practical aspects of how to perform an echo. It examines both normal function as well as the whole range of pathologies encountered in day-to-day clinical practice. There is particular emphasis on how to report your interpretation of the echo findings. The book is highly illustrated throughout with real examples many of which are available to view in dynamic form on the Expert Consult platform, thus offering a comprehensive library of echo movies. The text is fully up to date with the latest recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography as well as equivalents from the British Society of Echocardiography 100 self-assessment cases on the Expert Consult platform test knowledge and interpretation skills and are aimed at BSE accreditation exam level The full text of the book is available on the Expert Consult platform There are new chapters on 3D echo and right ventricular pathologies. The text has been fully updated and there are more than 200 new images to illustrate state-of-the-art echo. The presentation of the echo images has been simplified with the addition of a fold-out flap on the book referencing the key areas of anatomical detail. The text now includes the latest recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography as well as the equivalents from the British Society of Echocardiography
This is the seventh edition of a long-selling book (first edition 1991) that was translated into Italian, French, Chinese, Portuguese, Spanish, English. In the last ten years, stress echocardiography has exploded in its breadth and variety of applications. From a one-fits-all approach (wall motion by 2D-echo in the patient with known or suspected coronary artery disease), the field has progressed to an omnivorous, next-generation laboratory employing a variety of technologies (from M-Mode to 2D, from pulsed, continuous, color and tissue Doppler to lung ultrasound) on patients covering the entire spectrum of severity (from elite athletes to patients with end-stage heart failure) and ages (from children with congenital heart disease to the elderly with aortic stenosis). This new edition is enriched with over 300 figures, 150 tables and video-clips. In a societal and economic climate of increasing pressure for appropriate, justified and optimized imaging, stress echocardiography offers the great advantages of being radiation-free, relatively low cost, with minimal environmental impact, and with a staggering versatility: we can get more (information) with less (cost and risk). The volume will be a tremendous aid to current best practices for all health operators who intend to use stress echocardiography and ultrasound for diagnosis and guidance of optimal management in their patients.
Since the publication of the second edition of this volume, 3D echocardiography has penetrated the clinical arena and become an indispensable tool for patient care. The previous edition, which was highly commended at the British Medical Book Awards, has been updated with recent publications and improved images. This third edition has added important new topics such as 3D Printing, Surgical and Transcatheter Management, Artificial Valves, and Infective Endocarditis. The book begins by describing the principles of 3D echocardiography, then proceeds to discuss its application to the imaging of • Left and Right Ventricle, Stress Echocardiography • Left Atrium, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy • Mitral Regurgitation with Surgical and Nonsurgical Procedures • Mitral Stenosis and Percutaneous Mitral Valvuloplasty • Aortic Stenosis with TAVI / TAVR • Aortic and Tricuspid Regurgitation • Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Aorta • Speckle Tracking, Cardiac Masses, Atrial Fibrillation KEY FEATURES In-depth clinical experiences of the use of 3D/2D echo by world experts Latest findings to demonstrate clinical values of 3D over 2D echo One-click view of 263 innovative videos and 352 high-resolution 3D/2D color images in a supplemental eBook.
Transesophageal echocardiography has become an important diagnostic method for cardiologists. It offers better resolution of images in certain cases (patients with endocarditis, prosthetic valves, central and peripheral embolism) and the distinct advantage of applicability during heart surgery. In the intensive care unit or in high risk patients during general anesthesia, it allows continuous monitoring and earlier detection of irregularities. Well-known international experts discuss the present status of this new technique, from technology and indications, advantages and disadvantages, to use in the operating room.