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This volume presents the possibility of high intensity muon sources whose intensity would be at least 104 higher than that available now. Scientific opportunities anticipated with such sources are search for muon lepton flavor violation, measurements of the muon anomalous magnetic moment and the electric dipole moment, neutrino factories based on a muon storage ring, muon collider and muon applied science such as muon catalyzed fusion and biology. In addition to physics opportunities, the necessary technology for such sources is discussed.
The fascinating story of science in pursuit of the ghostly, ubiquitous subatomic particle—the neutrino. Isaac Asimov is said to have observed of the neutrino: “The only reason scientists suggested its existence was their need to make calculations come out even. And yet the nothing-particle was not a nothing at all.” In fact, as one of the most enigmatic and most populous particles in the universe—about 100 trillion are flying through you every second—the neutrino may hold the clues to some of our deepest cosmic mysteries. In Ghost Particle, Alan Chodos and James Riordon recount the dramatic history of the neutrino—from the initial suggestion that the particle was merely a desperate solution to a puzzle that threatened to undermine the burgeoning field of particle physics to its modern role in illuminating the universe via neutrino telescopes. Alan Chodos and James Riordon are deft and engaging guides as they conduct readers through the experiences of intrepid scientists and the challenges they faced, and continue to face, in their search for the ghostly neutrino. Along the way, the authors provide expert insight into the significance of neutrino research from the particle’s first, momentous discovery to recent, revolutionary advances in neutrino detection and astronomy. Chodos and Riordon describe how neutrinos may soon provide clues to some of the biggest questions we encounter today, including how to understand the dark matter that makes up most of the universe—and why anything exists in the universe at all.
Edited by internationally recognized authorities in the field, this handbook focuses on Linacs, Synchrotrons and Storage Rings and is intended as a vade mecum for professional engineers and physicists engaged in these subjects. Here one will find, in addition to the common formulae of previous compilations, hard to find specialized formulae, recipes and material data pooled from the lifetime experiences of many of the world's most able practitioners of the art and science of accelerator building and operation.
The first precision measurements on CP violation in the B system are reported. Both the BELLE and the BABAR collaboration presented, among others, results for sin 2ß with much improved accuracy. Results from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, SNO, also deserve to be mentioned. The convincing evidence of solar neutrino oscillations had been presented by SNO prior to the conference; a full presentation was given at the conference. An incredibly precise measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is reported, a fresh result from the Brookhaven National Laboratory. Apart from these distinct physics highlights, there are also the first results from the new Tevatron run and from the relativistic heavy ion collider RHIC. Theorists write of our ever better understanding of the Standard Model and of what might lie beyond. Risky as it is to highlight only a couple of exciting subjects, it is merely meantto whet the appetite for further reading.
Edited by internationally recognized authorities in the field, this expanded and updated new edition of the bestselling Handbook, containing many new articles, is aimed at the design and operation of modern particle accelerators. It is intended as a vade mecum for professional engineers and physicists engaged in these subjects. With a collection of more than 2000 equations, 300 illustrations and 500 graphs and tables, here one will find, in addition to common formulae of previous compilations, hard to find, specialized formulae, recipes and material data pooled from the lifetime experience of many of the world's most able practioners of the art and science of accelerators.The seven chapters include both theoretical and practical matters as well as an extensive glossary of accelerator types. Chapters on beam dynamics and electromagnetic and nuclear interactions deal with linear and nonlinear single particle and collective effects including spin motion, beam-environment, beam-beam, beam-electron, beam-ion and intrabeam interactions. The impedance concept and related calculations are dealt with at length as are the instabilities due to the various interactions mentioned. A chapter on operational considerations including discussions on the assessment and correction of orbit and optics errors, realtime feedbacks, generation of short photon pulses, bunch compression, phase-space exchange, tuning of normal and superconducting linacs, energy recovery linacs, free electron lasers, cryogenic vacuum systems, steady state microbuching, cooling, space-charge compensation, brightness of light sources, collider luminosity optimization and collision schemes, machine learning, multiple frequency rf systems, FEL seeding, ultrafast electron diffraction, and Gamma Factory. Chapters on mechanical and electrical considerations present material data and important aspects of component design including heat transfer and refrigeration. Hardware systems for particle sources, feedback systems, confinement, including undulators, and acceleration (both normal and superconducting) receive detailed treatment in a sub-systems chapter, beam measurement and apparatus being treated therein as well.A detailed name and subject index is provided together with reliable references to the literature where the most detailed information available on all subjects treated can be found.
This comprehensive volume of articles from the seventh school on non-accelerator astroparticle physics presents a timely coverage of this interesting and rapidly expanding subject. The contributions enlarge and complement the earlier volumes prepared for the fourth, fifth and sixth schools. An informative, pedagogical approach has been maintained so that the book can serve as the basis for a modern course on the subject.The first section introduces the fundamentals of particle physics with a review of the standard model and beyond. The comprehensive section on neutrino physics and astrophysics covers neutrino masses and oscillations, short and long baseline neutrino experiments, atmospheric and solar neutrinos, and neutrino telescopes. The section on dark matter includes a theoretical presentation and a review of existing and potential dark matter searches. Searches for axions, magnetic monopoles, and nuclearites are also discussed. Cosmic rays and astrophysics are covered with reviews on experiments in space, extreme energy cosmic rays, and photons and antimatter in space. The theory of gravitational waves and searches for gravitational waves are considered. A section deals with the LEP legacy and future accelerators and superbeams. Large scale facilities, detectors, data acquisition and large scale computing are reviewed. The volume concludes with an in-depth look at the impact of science on the world with essays looking back on the past century of scientific progress and its effects on society.
This volume provides timely coverage of nonaccelerator astroparticle physics. It complements two volumes prepared for earlier schools. Informative and pedagogical, it can serve as the basis for a modern course on the subject.The first section discusses the fundamentals of particle physics, with reviews of the standard model and beyond. The section on neutrinos and neutrino oscillations covers topics including neutrino oscillations, short and long baseline neutrino beams from accelerators, atmospheric and solar neutrinos, neutrinos from gravitational stellar collapses and neutrino telescopes. Another section deals with dark matter searches. Cosmic rays and astrophysics are covered with reviews of experiments in space, extreme energy cosmic rays, and gamma ray bursts. Gravitational waves and gravitational wave detectors are discussed. The final section deals with results from accelerators and future plans for accelerator facilities, computing, and new large and small detectors. Abstracts of the posters presented by participants at the school give a broad picture of world-wide activities in the field.
This book is useful to people working or planning to work in the field of linear accelerators. It is a good reference, presenting the most recent advances in the field. The intended audience are researchers, practitioners, academics and graduate students.The proceedings have been selected for coverage in:• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings)• CC Proceedings — Engineering & Physical Sciences
Particle accelerators are a major invention of the 20th century. In the last eight decades,they have evolved enormously and have fundamentally changed the way we live, think and work.Accelerators are the most powerful microscopes for viewing the tiniest inner structure of cells, genes, molecules, atoms and their constituents such as protons, neutrons, electrons, neutrinos and quarks. This opens up a whole new world for materials science, chemistry and molecular biology. Accelerators with megawatt beam power may ultimately solve a critical problem faced by our society, namely, the treatment of nuclear waste and the supply of an alternative type of energy.There are also tens of thousands of small accelerators all over the world. They are used every day for medical imaging, cancer therapy, radioisotope production, high-density chip-making, mass spectrometry, cargo x-ray/gamma-ray imaging, detection of explosives and illicit drugs, and weapons. This volume provides a comprehensive review of this driving and fascinating field.The poster (also available in 1118 x 406 mm size) which illustrates the history and development of particle accelerators from 1919 to the future can be purchased separately.