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How do we design sentences to fit their purposes and how do we combine them to communicate complex, contextualized meanings? This work takes discourse apart to show how it is organized and how it aids communication.
This easy-to-read book groups methods according to what they have in common, even if separated in time. At the same time, it rehabilitates some lost or forgotten methods, with a view to challenging current orthodoxies, especially with regard to such topics as translation, rote learning, authenticity, and communication. In doing this it aims to unpack, not just the history of methods, but the beliefs that underpin them and the benefits that still might possibly accrue from experimenting with them. Through its inclusion of interesting characters, intriguing anecdotes, and often bizarre techniques, the material is absorbing and engaging.
In addition to the approaches and methods covered in the first edition, this edition includes new chapters, such as whole language, multiple intelligences, neurolinguistic programming, competency-based language teaching, co-operative language learning, content-based instruction, task-based language teaching, and The Post-Methods Era.
This book offers an in-depth explanation of Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) and the methods necessary to implement it in the language classroom successfully. Combines a survey of theory and research in instructed second language acquisition (ISLA) with insights from language teaching and the philosophy of education Details best practice for TBLT programs, including discussion of learner needs and means analysis; syllabus design; materials writing; choice of methodological principles and pedagogic procedures; criterion-referenced, task-based performance assessment; and program evaluation Written by an esteemed scholar of second language acquisition with over 30 years of research and classroom experience Considers diffusion of innovation in education and the potential impact of TBLT on foreign and second language learning
This book proposes a new paradigm for English language teaching based on concepts from English for Specific Purposes (ESP) research and applications as well as from growing evidence relating pattern recognition to language learning ability. The contributors to the volume argue that learners should not try to become proficient all-around users of ‘idealistic native-like’ English, but instead should be realistic about what they need to acquire and how to go about achieving their specific goals. The book discusses the present situation by describing the status quo of English language education in Japan, taking into consideration recent trends of CLIL (content and language integrated learning), EMI (English medium instruction), and TBLT (task-based language teaching) as well as the work done on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). It introduces new movements in ESP in Japan and in other Asian regions, covering topics ranging from genre analysis to corpus linguistics, and presents application examples of ESP practice in a range of educational situations in Japan from the graduate school level to elementary and middle school contexts. It also offers readers application examples of ESP practice in a range of business settings and expands the discussion to the global sphere where EAP and ESP are gaining importance as the number of ELF (English as a Lingua Franca) speakers continue to increase. The book will be of great interest to academics, researchers, and post-graduate students working in the fields of EFL and ESL.
Volume one of a two volume set outlining and comparing three approaches to the study of language labelled 'structural-functionalist': functional grammar (FG); role and reference grammar (RRG); and systemic functional grammar (SFG).
Recommends that language teachers incorporate discourse and pragmatics in their teaching if they wish to implement a communicative approach in their classrooms. The authors show how a discourse perspective can enhance the teaching of traditional areas of linguistic knowledge and language skills.
The aim of this book is to develop a framework for describing the field as it currently exists together with well-established views. As far as possible the book describes rather than prescribes, to avoid taking up any single approach or theory regarding what constitutes the legitimate approach to TEFL research. Of course, the personal views of the authors will colour the account provided as it is imposible to separate description from interpretation. Thus, in a way, this book involves the theories, beliefs, knowledge, methods and practices of foreign language teachers and how these can enhance teacher education. This book is planned for pre-service or in-service teachers of a foreign language at primary, secondary or tertiary levels, although the criterions examined are useful to teachers of English as a foreign language, teacher trainers, or modern language teachers involved in teaching any language whether in Spain or overseas. Our main purpose is to help readers to help themselves. Accordingly, the reader is encouraged to be engaged in an examination of foreign language teaching and learning in hope of improving his/her practice and making language teaching more controllable, more interesting and more effective. The chapters are organized into four sections. In Section I, three chapters describe some perspectives in teacher education. In the first chapter, José M. Vez focuses on the hypothesis that the key to producing well-qualified EFL teachers is to greatly strengthen their professional learning across the continuum of a career in the foreign language classroom. He emphasizes the fact that foreign-language teaching must become a learning profession in order to prompt greater learning among foreign language students and describes the innovative aspects of foreign language teacher education. In the second chapter, Sheena Davies provides an overview of language teacher education today, with particular reference to English language teaching, discusses some current issues associated with the field, and gives notice of her experience working with both native speaker and non-native speaker teachers of English from all over the world on a variety of in-service and pre-service courses and seminars. In chapter 3, we examine the perspectives on teacher thinking and teachers' beliefs in general, and about language learning in particular. .