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In this book, recent advances in the field of game theory, specifically in the area of coordination games (theory and policy) are used to reexamine one of the most far-reaching, yet overlooked pieces of legislation in U.S. economic history, namely the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933. While dismissed by most as misconceived, misguided, and mistaken, not to mention unconstitutional and anti-American, recent findings in the field of macroeconomic coordination open the door to a new interpretation, one that is more in keeping with the original objectives of the Roosevelt administration.
The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) was enacted by Congress in June of 1933 to assist the nation’s recovery during the Great Depression. Its passage ushered in a unique experiment in US economic history: under the NIRA, the federal government explicitly supported, and in some cases enforced, alliances within industries. Antitrust laws were suspended, and companies were required to agree upon industry-level “codes of fair competition” that regulated wages and hours and could implement anti-competitive provisions such as those fixing prices, establishing production quotas, and imposing restrictions on new productive capacity. The NIRA is generally viewed as a monolithic program, its dramatic and sweeping effects best measurable through a macroeconomic lens. In this pioneering book, however, Jason E. Taylor examines the act instead using microeconomic tools, probing the uneven implementation of the act’s codes and the radical heterogeneity of its impact across industries and time. Deconstructing the Monolith employs a mixture of archival and empirical research to enrich our understanding of how the program affected the behavior and well-being of workers and firms during the two years NIRA existed as well as in the period immediately following its demise.