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The Federal Aviation Agency is developing the aviation weather system, as part of the National Airspace System, to satisfy the common requirements of civil and military aviation for operational weather support. Elements of the design have been and are continuing to be coordinated with the Department of Defense and the Department of Commerce. This report is a detailed summary of an aviation weather system designed to support the goals of the National Airspace System. Due consideration has been given to the economic and political constraints imposed by the system's environment, the benefits accruing from a common system for all users, and the necessity for implementing system improvements in a practical, orderly manner. The service to be provided to the system users, Air Traffic Control, pilots, and military and private flight operations, is described. The system design, concepts and requirements are stated and the overall operation outlined. Then the system is divided into four subsystems - Observing, Processing, Presenting, and Communications - for detailed consideration of the elements making up the aviation weather system. (Author).
Airspace is an important resource and its proper or improper utilization will have a profound effect upon the future welfare of the United States. The use of airspace will have an impact not only on transportation, public safety, economics and military posture, but also on the public's convenience and pleasure. It was in recognition of this that the Federal Aviation Agency was directed by the President of the United States in 1961 to conduct a scientific, engineering review of our aviation facilities and related research and development and to prepare a practicable long-range plan to insure efficient and safe control of all air traffic within the United States. This plan must provide for an orderly and economic evolution of the present system of air traffic control in pace with continuing advances in technology and national needs. The resultant Project Beacon Report completed in October 1961 and approved by the President November 7, 1961, provided the scientific, engineering review and guidelines for the practicable long-range plan. Accordingly, a System Design Team was formed within the Systems Research and Development Service of the Federal Aviation Agency to carry forward the guidelines of the Project Beacon Report into a detailed and comprehensive system plan. On June 30, 1962, the first edition of this long-range plan for the National Airspace Utilization System was completed. Because the problems are complex and extensive, the plan itself is voluminous and the details on which it is based are highly technical. Yet it is important that the essence of this plan be understood by many people who cannot afford the time to study the details of the plan. This summary describes all essential elements of the plan.
The capacity of the National Airspace System is being stressed due to the limits of current technologies. Because of this, the FAA and NASA are working to develop new technologies to increase the system's capacity which enhancing safety. Adverse weather has been determined to be a major factor in aircraft accidents and fatalities and the FAA and NASA have developed programs to improve aviation weather information technologies and communications for system users The Aviation Weather Information Element of the Weather Accident Prevention Project of NASA's Aviation Safety Program is currently working to develop these technologies in coordination with the FAA and industry. This paper sets forth a theoretical approach to implement these new technologies while addressing the National Airspace System (NAS) as an evolving system with Weather Information as one of its subSystems. With this approach in place, system users will be able to acquire the type of weather information that is needed based upon the type of decision-making situation and condition that is encountered. The theoretical approach addressed in this paper takes the form of a model for weather information implementation. This model addresses the use of weather information in three decision-making situations, based upon the system user's operational perspective. The model also addresses two decision-making conditions, which are based upon the need for collaboration due to the level of support offered by the weather information provided by each new product or technology. The model is proposed for use in weather information implementation in order to provide a systems approach to the NAS. Enhancements to the NAS collaborative decision-making capabilities are also suggested.McAdaragh, Raymon M.Langley Research CenterNATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM; WEATHER; ACCIDENT PREVENTION; AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; FLIGHT SAFETY; AIRCRAFT SAFETY; AUGMENTATION; DECISION MAKING; FLIGHT CONDITIONS; INFORMATION SYSTEMS