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The oral histories of forty astronauts, engineers and managers for the NASA and the Russian space program provide fascinating insights into the highs and lows of the extraordinary Shuttle-Mir space station program, with hundreds of anecdotes and stories. Each history provides unique information about the specialty of the individual.1 - Gary W. Johnson * Deputy Director, Russian Projects SR&QA * 2 - Yuri P. Kargopolov * Gagarin Crew Training Center * 3 - Gary H. Kitmacher * Lead, Priroda Module * 4 - Wendy B. Lawrence * Shuttle Astronaut , Mission Specialist STS-86 and STS-91 * 5 - Anatoli V. Lomanov * Deputy Director, Russian Program Coordination & Organization * 6 - Michael E. Lopez-Alegria * Director of Operations, Russia, Shuttle Astronaut * 7 - Shannon W. Lucid * Shuttle Astronaut, NASA 2 Mir Resident * 8 - Michael G. Lutomski * Operations Representative, NASA Moscow Technical Liaison Office * 9 - Thomas H. Marshburn * Flight Surgeon * 10 - Isaac W. "Caasi" Moore * Operations Lead, NASA 3 Increment * 11 - Patricia Moore * Operations Lead, NASA 6 Increment * 12 - Valeri V. Morgun * Gagarin Crew Training Center * 13 - Michael Mott * NASA Associate Deputy Administrator * 14 - James R. Nise * Contract Director, Shuttle-Mir Management Working Group * 15 - Donald S. Noah * Manager, Space Shuttle Integration Engineering Office * 16 - Richard W. Nygren * Chair, Mir Operations and Integration Working Group * 17 - Sam L. Pool * Assistant Director, Space Medicine Space and Life Sciences Directorate * 18 - Charles J. Precourt * Shuttle Astronaut, Commander STS-84 and STS-91 * 19 - Debra Rahn * Public Affairs Officer, International Relations * 20 - William F. Readdy * Shuttle Astronaut, Commander STS-79 * 21 - Lisa M. Reed * Training Lead * 22 - William D. Reeves * Flight Director * 23 - Valery V. Ryumin * Director, NASA-Mir Program, Russia * 24 - George W. Sandars * Chair, Flight Operations and Systems Integration Working Group * 25 - Anthony C. Sang * Operations Lead, NASA 4 Increment * 26 - Ronald M. Sega * Director of Operations, Russia * 27 - Vladimir Semyachkin * General Designer, RSC Energia * 28 - Salizhan S. Sharipov * Cosmonaut, Mission Specialist, STS-89 * 29 - Charles Stegemoeller * Project Manager/Spektr Module * 30 - Norman E. Thagard * Shuttle Astronaut, NASA 1 Mir Resident * 31 - Andrew S.W. Thomas * Shuttle Astronaut, NASA 7 Mir Resident * 32 - Vladmir G. Titov * Cosmonaut, STS-63 and STS-86 * 33 - Oleg S. Tsygankov * Manager, Mir EVA Office * 34 - John J. Uri * NASA Phase 1 Mission Scientist * 35 - James E. Van Laak * Deputy Director, Phase 1 Program Office * 36 - Pavel M. Vorobiev * Co-chair, Cargo and Scheduling Subgroup, RSC Energia * 37 - J. Kevin Watson * NASA Liaison * 38 - James D. Wetherbee * Shuttle Astronaut, STS-63 and STS-86 * 39 - David A. Wolf * Shuttle Astronaut, NASA 6 Mir Resident * 40 - Keith Zimmerman * Operations Lead, NASA 5 Increment
The oral histories of thirty-one astronauts, engineers and managers for the NASA and the Russian space program provide fascinating insights into the highs and lows of the extraordinary Shuttle-Mir space station program, with hundreds of anecdotes and stories. Each history provides unique information about the specialty of the individual.1 - Mark J. Albrecht * Executive Secretary, National Space Council * 2 - Aleksandr P. Aleksandrov *Co-chair, Crew Training and Exchange Working Group and EVA Working Group * 3 - Michael R. Barratt * Flight Surgeon * 4 - Roger D. Billica * Lead, Medical Operations Working Group * 5 - Victor D. Blagov * Deputy Flight Director, Mission Control, Russia * 6 - John E. Blaha * NASA 3 Mir Resident * 7 - Valeri V. Bogomolov * Institute of Biomedical Problems * 8 - Travis R. Brice * Russian Projects Office * 9 - William C. Brown * Chair, Crew Exchange Working Group * 10 - Tommy E. Capps * Training Manager * 11 - Jeffrey A. Cardenas * Co-chair, Mir Operations and Integration Working Group * 12 - Robert E. Castle * Flight Director * 13 - John B. Charles * NASA/Mir Mission Scientist * 14 - Christine A. Chiodo * Operations Lead, Russia * 15 - Tom E. Cremins * Deputy, Assistant to the Director, Russia * 16 - Frank L. Culbertson * Shuttle-Mir Program Manager * 17 - Brian Dailey * National Space Council * 18 - Sally P. Davis * Russian Interface Officer (RIO) * 19 - Bonnie J. Dunbar * Shuttle Astronaut * 20 - Paul F. Dye * Flight Director * 21 - Phillip L. Engelauf * Flight Director * 22 - Joe H. Engle * Stafford-Utkin Task Force * 23 - Christopher F. Flynn * Flight Surgeon * 24 - C. Michael Foale * Shuttle Astronaut, NASA 5 Mir Resident * 25 - Richard K. Fullerton * Co-chair, EVA Working Group * 26 - Scott D. Gahring * Operations Lead, NASA 7 Increment * 27 - William H. Gerstenmaier * Operations Lead, NASA 2 Increment * 28 - Jessie M. Gilmore * Executive Secretary/Assistant, Phase 1 Program Office * 29 - Yuri Nikolayevich Glazkov * Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center * 30 - Albert W. Holland * Psychologist * 31 - Brent W. Jett * Director of Operations, Russia, Shuttle Astronaut
This official NASA document provides an interesting review of NASA's experience working with the Russians and lessons on astronaut safety assurance of the Soyuz spacecraft. This report on Soyuz history was conceived as a possible analogy relevant to domestic commercial spaceflight vehicles. The question of how to human-rate new spacecraft has been asked many times throughout the history of human spaceflight. The U. S., Russia, and, now China have each separately and successfully addressed this question. NASA's operational experience with human-rating primarily resides with Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Space Shuttle, and the International Space Station (ISS). NASA's latest developmental experience includes Constellation, but also encompasses X38, X33, and the Orbital Space Plane. If domestic commercial crew vehicles are used to transport astronauts to and from space, the Soyuz vehicle would be another relevant example of the methods that could be used to human-rate a spacecraft and how to work with commercial spacecraft providers. As known from history, the first U.S. astronaut to orbit on a Soyuz spacecraft was Thomas P. Stafford on July 17, 1975, during the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) mission. Norman E. Thagard was the first U.S. astronaut to launch on a Soyuz launch vehicle, Soyuz TM-21, on March 14, 1995, on a flight to the Russian Mir Space Station. This flight was associated with the U.S./Russian - Shuttle/Mir Program. The first Soyuz launched to ISS included astronaut William M. Shepherd, Soyuz TM-31, on October 31, 2000. Prior to this, NASA studied Soyuz as an assured crew return vehicle (ACRV) for Space Station Freedom (SSF) to be launched on the Space Shuttle. Presently, in preparation for Space Shuttle retirement, all U.S. astronauts are being transported to and from ISS in the Russian Soyuz spacecraft, which is launched on the Soyuz launch vehicle. In the case of Soyuz, NASA's normal assurance practices have had to be adapted. For a variety of external reasons, NASA has taken a "trust but verify" approach to Soyuz and international cargo vehicles. The verify approach was to perform joint safety assurance assessments of the critical spacecraft systems. For Soyuz, NASA's primary assurance was (and continues to be) its long and successful flight history. The other key measure relied on diverse teams of NASA's best technical experts working very closely with their foreign counterparts to understand the essential design, verification, and operational features of Soyuz. Those experts used their personal experiences and NASA's corporate knowledge (in the form of agency, program, center, and other standards) to jointly and independently assess a wide range of topics.
There is no competition since this is the first book in the English language on cosmonaut selection and training Offers a unique and original discussion on how Russia prepares its cosmonauts for spaceflight. Contains original interviews and photographs with first-hand information obtained by the authors on visits to Star City Provides an insight to the role of cosmonauts in the global space programme of the future. Reviews the training both of Russian cosmonauts in other countries and of foreign cosmonauts in Star City
Living and working in extra-terrestrial habitats means being potentially vulnerable to very harsh environmental, social, and psychological conditions. With the stringent technical specifications for launch vehicles and transport into space, a very tight framework for the creation of habitable space is set. These constraints result in a very demanding “partnership” between the habitat and the inhabitant. This book is the result of researching the interface between people, space and objects in an extra-terrestrial environment. The evaluation of extra-terrestrial habitats in comparison to the user’s perspective leads to a new framework, comparing these buildings from the viewpoint of human activity. It can be used as reference or as conceptual framework for the purpose of evaluation. It also summarizes relevant human-related design directions. The work is addressed to architects and designers as well as engineers.
The structure of Apollo - The Lost and Forgotten Missions follows the development and in flight testing of the Apollo lunar spacecraft prior to Apollo 11 as well as missions planned following that first landing. Drawing upon combinations of archival documentation from the first four manned Apollo missions and future mission plans evolved in the summer of 1969 Apollo - The Lost and Forgotten Missions will fill this void. The text explains how the machines and the men were prepared for the landing on the moon and what would have followed the initial landings.
Between May 1973 and February 1974 three teams of astronauts increased the American space endurance record from 14 days, set in 1965, to three months aboard the Skylab space station in missions lasting 28, 59 and 84 days. American astronauts did not surpass these records for over 20 years until the NASA Mir missions began in 1995. In "Skylab - America's space station", David Shayler chronicles the evolution of the station, its infrastructure on the ground including astronaut training, each of the three manned missions, summary of results, achievements and the lessons learned. The creation of the International Space Station is the real legacy of Skylab as American astronauts once again embark on extended missions around the Earth.
In Gemini - Steps to the Moon, David Shayler, the author, tells the story of the origin and development of the programme and the spacecraft from the perspective of the engineers, flight controllers and astronauts involved. It includes chapters on flight tests, Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA), rendezvous and docking, as well as information from NASA archives and personal interviews.