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Nanotechnology is a new and emerging discipline that is multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary. The usage of nanosystems, nanomaterials, nano-devices, etc. permeates all aspects of society. Cancer targeting and curing nanosystems are being introduced into the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries; so are lightweight energy absorbing or blast-proof nanohybrid material in the aerospace, automotive and marine industries and high-efficiency energy harvesting nanomaterials, etc. Society has a vested interest in knowing how these new materials, devices and systems are changing the economy and similar landscapes. The book outlines the regulatory and environmental issues related to nanotechnology per industry, offers guidelines in assessing the risks and discusses the legal and socioeconomical issues involved. Case studies will be utilized to provide examples of the positive and negative impacts of nanotechnology. - Provides an overview and the basis for understanding the critical importance of the reactivity and efficacy of nanomaterials and the emerging role of nanotechnology in society - Explains the fundamentals, ethics, regulatory and environmental issues of nanosafety and how they shape the emerging nanotechnology industry and markets and includes extensive lists of glossary terms, terminologies and concepts needed for Material Data Safety Sheets - Discusses the relevance and specificity of nanosafety issues per industry and includes discussions on the "Homeland Security and Infrastructure Industries" of interest to society in general - Includes nanotechnology risk assessment and delineates and quantifies the risk assessment process for nanotechnology safety of paramount importance to most industries and systems - Outlines the legal and intellectual property ramifications of nanotechnology and its impact on productivity and society
Nanotechnology safety is the practice of handling engineered nanomaterials in production and manufacturing. Good practice consists of understanding and interpreting Material Safety Data Sheets, behaving safely when working with yet unknown nanomaterials, understanding health effects, and proactively creating safety measures against potential hazards. This book introduces nanotechnology risk management to readers from academia and industry.
This book reviews the application of Nanobiotechnology in the development of Nanomedicine, while also discussing the latest trends and challenges in the clinical translation of Nanomedicine. Nanomedicine refers to the application of Nanotechnology to medicine and holds tremendous potential for achieving improved efficiency, bioavailability, dose response, personalized medicine and enhanced safety as compared to conventional medicines. The book first introduces readers to the basic concepts of Nanomedicine, and to technological advances in and applications of Nanotechnology in treatment, diagnosis, monitoring, and drug delivery. In turn, it reviews the current status of multi-functionalization strategies for using Nanoparticles in the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents. The book’s third and final section focuses on the regulatory and safety challenges posed by Nanomedicine, including industry and regulatory agencies’ efforts to address them.
In this modern era, the science of safety mainly concerns all possible danger associated with the utilization of existing and/or developing technologies. Through development of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) of 1970, the U.S. Congress created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to assure safe and healthy working conditions for workers by setting and enforcing standards and providing necessary training, outreach, education, and assistance. Occupational safety and health (OSH) primarily deals with cross-disciplinary areas for the safety, health, and welfare of workers. The goal of OSH programs is to foster a safer and healthier work environment for workers, engineers, students, and other participants. This chapter focuses on the fundamental aspects of safety, accidents and their occurrence and prevention, accident recordings, and social and economic implications of accidents. With the advancement of nanotechnology, the exposure to nanomaterials, as well as to the packaging, transportation, handling, storage, and consumption of these materials, poses higher risks and hazards to people engaged in this and related technologies. This chapter emphasizes the possible dangers of nanomaterials and their harmful effects on human health. The guidelines for working with nanomaterials are also summarized in detail.
Should you adopt nanotechnology? If you have already adopted it, what do you need to know? What are the risks? Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are revolutionizing the ways we treat disease, produce energy, manufacture products, and attend to our daily wants and needs. To continue to capture the promise of these transformative products, however, we need to ask critical questions about the broader impacts of nanotechnology on society and the environment. Exploring these questions, the second edition of Nanotechnology: Health and Environmental Risks gives you the latest tools to understand the risks of nanotechnology and make better decisions about using it. Examining the state of the science, the book discusses what is known, and what still needs to be understood, about nanotechnology risk. It looks at the uses of nanotechnology for energy, industry, medicine, technology, and consumer applications and explains how to determine whether there is risk—even when there is little reliable evidence—and how to manage it. Contributors cover a wide range of topics, including: Current concerns, among them perceived risks and the challenges of evaluating emerging technology A historical perspective on product safety and chemicals policy The importance of being proactive about identifying and managing health and environmental risks during product development How the concepts of sustainability and life cycle assessment can guide nanotechnology product development Methods for evaluating nanotechnology risks, including screening approaches and research How to manage risk when working with nanoscale materials at the research stage and in occupational environments What international organizations are doing to address risk issues How risk assessment can inform environmental decision making Written in easy-to-understand language, without sacrificing complexity or scientific accuracy, this book offers a wide-angle view of nanotechnology and risk. Supplying cutting-edge approaches and insight, it explains what types of risks could exist and what you can do to address them. What’s New in This Edition Updates throughout, reflecting advances in the field, new literature, and policy developments A new chapter on nanotechnology risk communication, including insights into risk perceptions and the mental models people use to evaluate technological risks An emphasis on developing nanotechnology products that are sustainable in the long term Advances in the understanding of nanomaterials toxicity Cutting-edge research on occupational exposure to nanoparticles Changes in the international landscape of organizations working on the environmental, health, and safety aspects of nanotechnologies
This book is based on the lectures and contributions of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on “Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in Security and Protection Against CBRN Threats” held in Sozopol, Bulgaria, September 2019. It gives a broad overview on this topic as it combines articles addressing the preparation and characterization of different nanoscaled materials (metals, oxides, glasses, polymers, carbon-based, etc.) in the form of nanowires, nanoparticles, nanocomposites, nanodots, thin films, etc. and contributions on their applications in diverse security and safety related fields. In addition, it presents an interdisciplinary approach drawing on the Nanoscience and Nanotechnology know-how of authors from Physics, Chemistry, Engineering, Materials Science and Biology. A further plus-point of the book, which represents the knowledge of experts from over 20 countries, is the combination of longer papers introducing the background on a certain topic, and brief contributions highlighting specific applications in different security areas.
To ensure industry competence in protecting the safety of workers creating engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), there must be a certification process that describes the necessary skill sets to ensure worker safety. Several federal government agencies on the national and international stage are working toward developing safety standards for workers who create EMNs. A process must be implemented to obtain validity of the certification exam and address how the exam will be given. A governing body must verify that the exam will meet certification requirements as well as which information is acquired by federal agencies. In the United States over the next few years, the majority of the workers will be of the Generation Y population. How well Generation Y workers absorb and retain information will dictate the instructional format of the certification exam. Outside-the-box instructional approaches, such as Second Life, can assist in developing the instruction format that is needed. As new ENMs are developed, it is critical to further promote the establishment of standards and certifications, which will protect human safety, prevent lawsuits, and avoid a negative public perception of nanotechnology.
Examining one of the fastest growing industries in the world, Ronit Justo-Hanani compares the distinctly different approaches between both sides of the Atlantic when regulating the health, safety and environmental risks of nanotechnology and its novel properties.
Nanotechnology is one of the emerging areas of science, mathematics, technology, and engineering in the 21st century. It has been instrumental in the manufacture of a variety of new products. These products are a result of our exploitation of the unique properties of matter that can emerge in scales of 1 to 100 nanometers. Although the great advantages of nanotechnology and its related products can be exploited, there is still much that can be done in exploring related safety issues, especially as they relate to the electronics and telecommunications industries, which is the subject of this chapter. These safety concerns relate to the potential detrimental effects of nanotechnology materials and devices on humans and the environment. The safety issues must be addressed to protect life and the environment while enhancing innovation, public confidence, and societal benefits that nanotechnology can offer as it is applied to the electronics and telecommunications industries.
The status of regulation of nanotechnology, as it relates to manufacture and use of inorganic engineered nanoparticles, is reviewed, with discussion of how soft law (or the individual protocols and lobbying of stakeholders) is evolving into hard law in the United States. Several instances of the history of development of hard law in the United Status, specifically EPA-based significant new use rules (SNUR) for several nanoparticles is described, including carbon nanotubes and siloxane-modified silica and alumina. A global perspective of the actions of stakeholders is also reviewed. Selected literature citations are tabulated to aid the interested reader in self-informing on the risks and potential for toxicity of certain nanoparticles as each laboratory and industrial concern in the readership takes steps to assess risk for, prevent, prepare for, and respond to the potential for unintended exposures.