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Until recently, CT scanner performance was limited by a series of compromises. With single-detector scanners, one cannot select thin collimation and still maintain the required extent of volumetric coverage. Slow scans cause motion artifacts that impair image quality. The introduction of multidetector CT technology, however, has revolutionized the field. Currently multidetector, multislice CT scanners acquire up to four channels of data from interweaving spirals. The minimum gantry rotation period is as low as half of a second. This increased scan speed allows for thinner collimation and thus higher longitudinal or z-axis resolution in comparison with single-detector CT. The improved image quality with multidetector technology leads to new applications of CT, particularly in cardiac, vascular, and abdominal imaging. On-going clinical studies are evaluating the suitability of this new imaging tool for non-invasive screening and diagnosis of coronary artery disease. A particular advantage to the increased scan speed in vascular imaging is the ability to cut intra venous contrast dosage and still maintain peak enhancement CT throughout the entire acquisition. Thin-section, multiphasic acquisition during optimal arterial-phase and venous-phase enhan cement significantly improves the accuracy for small lesion and vessel detection, and enhances overall classification of abdominal neoplasms. On the other hand, the increasingly large volume data sets force to new ways of looking at, presenting, storing, and trans ferring images. Networking and two- and three dimensional data processing are the key words.
From the author of our best-selling handbook on helical (spiral) CT comes a brand-new, indispensable, practical guide to the next generation of technology--multislice (or multidetector) CT. Dr. Silverman and his renowned colleagues present detailed, easy-to-follow scanning protocols for all areas of the body, for pediatric examinations, and for three-dimensional imaging...and explain the principles behind the protocols. Multislice CT scanning protocols for specific clinical indications are presented in the same user-friendly outline format as in Dr. Silverman's other handbook. Representative images appear on the page opposite each protocol. The author's terminology allows the protocols to be used with equipment from any manufacturer.
The purpose of this book is to introduce radiography technicians and residents in radiology to the ever growing field of computed tomography:- i.e. using computer analysis of x-rays to produce cross-sectional images or ?slices?, both horizontal and vertical, of the body taken at different angles. This handy to use pocket book provides the information necessary to manage a CT scan, covering all the topics involved, and also suggests guidelines for the planning of advanced CT studies.
Whole body computed tomography has developed at a rapid pace in the past decade, spurred on by the introduction of spiral and multislice scanning. These new technologies have not only improved diagnostic accuracy, but also made new applications possible that were previously accessible only through more complex or invasive techniques.This new book expertly fills a gap in the literature by combining the practically relevant technical background with the clinical information required for correctly performing and interpreting CT examinations. The book presents the state-of-the-art capabilities and requirements of CT as a key diagnostic and interventional tool, with special emphasis on the role of spiral and multi-slice CT. You will find a thorough introduction to CT technology from scanner design to 3D image reconstruction, useful practical hints on how to optimize your examination protocols and how to keep the radiation exposure of your patients to a minimum, as well as an extensive clinical section in which symptoms, pathology and CT morphology are integrated to provide you withthe basis for subtle interpretation of CT findings using the most modern CT techniques.Highlights include:- Full coverage of single-slice, 4-slice and 16-slice scanning techniques- Introduction to extended CT applications including cardiac CT,CT fluoroscopy,and 3D image processing- Organ-specific protocols for scanning and contrast administration- Practical guidelines for maximizing image quality and minimizing radiation exposure- Useful suggestions for image interpretation and for avoiding pitfalls and errors- Convenient format by organ systemand disease entity- Full discussion of organ-specific pathology and CT morphology- CT indications integrated with other imaging modalitiesAt a time when CT examinations are becoming more technically demanding and complex, with an increasing number of scan parameters and advances in 3D reconstructions, this book is an essential professional tool. Experienced practitioners will find their diagnostic and technical skills improved by reading the book, and beginners will enjoy the clear, systematic approach that will help them use the technique with confidence.
This book provides structured up-to-date information on all routine protocols used for multislice (multidetector row) CT. The volume contains a detailed technical section and covers the prevailing investigations of the brain, neck, lungs and chest, abdomen with parenchymal organs and gastrointestinal tract, the musculoskeletal system and CTA as well as dedicated protocols for the heart. Separate chapters address the how-to of CT-guided interventions such as punctures, drainages, and therapeutic approaches. Each protocol is displayed en bloc, enabling rapid appreciation of indications and the necessary scanner settings. The second edition includes contributions by renowned experts in the field, who not only provide their clinical experience on each topic, but also give guidelines for indications, workflow, postprocessing and reconstruction algorithms.
This book describes current examination techniques and advanced clinical applications of state-of-the-art multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scanners. There are contributions from several distinguished radiologists and clinicians. Each chapter is written from a practical perspective, so that radiologists, residents, medical physicists, and radiology technologists can obtain relevant information about MDCT applications.
There have been remarkable achievements in CT technology, workflow management and applications in the last couple of years. The introduction of 4- and 16-row multidetector technology has substantially increased acquisition speed and provides nearly isotropic resolution. These new technical possibilities had significant impact on the clinical use of CT and have yielded a broadening of the spectrum of applications, particularly in vascular, cardiac, abdominal, and trauma imaging. This book presents the practical experience of an international expert group of radiologists and physicists with state-of-the-art multidetector-technology. The chapters in this book will facilitate a thorough understanding of 4- and 16-slice multidetector-row CT and its clinical applications. This will help to fully exploit the diagnostic potential of this technology.
The book offers a comprehensive and user-oriented description of the theoretical and technical system fundamentals of computed tomography (CT) for a wide readership, from conventional single-slice acquisitions to volume acquisition with multi-slice and cone-beam spiral CT. It covers in detail all characteristic parameters relevant for image quality and all performance features significant for clinical application. Readers will thus be informed how to use a CT system to an optimum depending on the different diagnostic requirements. This includes a detailed discussion about the dose required and about dose measurements as well as how to reduce dose in CT. All considerations pay special attention to spiral CT and to new developments towards advanced multi-slice and cone-beam CT. For the third edition most of the contents have been updated and latest topics like dual source CT, dual energy CT, flat detector CT and interventional CT have been added. The enclosed CD-ROM again offers copies of all figures in the book and attractive case studies, including many examples from the most recent 64-slice acquisitions, and interactive exercises for image viewing and manipulation. This book is intended for all those who work daily, regularly or even only occasionally with CT: physicians, radiographers, engineers, technicians and physicists. A glossary describes all the important technical terms in alphabetical order. The enclosed DVD again offers attractive case studies, including many examples from the most recent 64-slice acquisitions, and interactive exercises for image viewing and manipulation. This book is intended for all those who work daily, regularly or even only occasionally with CT: physicians, radiographers, engineers, technicians and physicists. A glossary describes all the important technical terms in alphabetical order.
With contributions by numerous experts