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This first book to comprehensively cover this hot topic presents the information hitherto scattered throughout smaller reviews or single book chapters to provide an introduction to this rapidly expanding field. In ten chapters, the international team of expert authors treats asymmetric syntheses, new transformations, and organometallic reactions using homo- and hetero-bimetallic catalysts. Written for advanced researchers, this very timely publication is of significant benefit to organic and organometallic chemists in both academia and industry.
Catalysts play a crucial role in the path towards the transformation of organic compounds. This book describes the recent development of metal-based catalysis in organic synthesis. Applications of various catalysts to interesting organic transformations are discussed. It covers important organic reactions such as cyclohexane oxidation under different energy stimuli, use of Pd-nanoparticles for carbonylation of aniline, ammoximation of methyl ethyl ketone by Ni-modified TS-1 and carbozincation of substituted 2-alkynylamines. This book will be a useful reference for researchers in the field of catalysis, organic chemistry and materials science. It is also intended to attract the attention of researchers with an industrial interest.
Homogeneous catalysis is an important strategy for the synthesis of high-valued chemicals. L. Brandsma has carefully selected and checked the experimental procedures illustrating the catalytic use of copper, nickel, and palladium compounds in organic synthesis. All procedures are on a preparative scale, make economic use of solvents and catalysts, avoid toxic substances and have high yields.
Masakatsu Shibasaki, Motomu Kanai, Shigeki Matsunaga, and Naoya Kumagai: Multimetallic Multifunctional Catalysts for Asymmetric Reactions.- Takao Ikariya: Bifunctional transition metal-based molecular catalysts for asymmetric syntheses.- Chidambaram Gunanathan and David Milstein: Bond Activation by Metal-Ligand Cooperation: Design of ”Green” Catalytic Reactions Based on Aromatization-Dearomatization of Pincer Complexes.- Madeleine C. Warner, Charles P. Casey, and Jan-E. Bäckvall: Shvo’s Catalyst in Hydrogen Transfer Reactions.- Noritaka Mizuno, Keigo Kamata, and Kazuya Yamaguchi: Liquid-Phase Selective Oxidation by Multimetallic Active Sites of Polyoxometalate-Based Molecular Catalysts.- Pingfan Li and Hisashi Yamamoto: Bifunctional Acid Catalysts for Organic Synthesis.- Jun-ichi Ito, Hisao Nishiyama: Bifunctional Phebox Complexes for Asymmetric Catalysis.
Im Laufe der vergangenen 35 Jahre wurden unzahlige Synthesewege entwickelt, bei denen Ubergangsmetallkomplexe entweder als Reagenzien oder als Katalysatoren fungieren. Dieses Buch bietet besonders denjenigen Synthesechemikern interessante und moderne Einblicke, die bisher noch nicht mit den vielfaltigen Moglichkeiten der Organometallchemie mit Ubergangsmetallen vertraut sind. Zu wichtigen ubergangsmetallkatalysierten Reaktionen werden Anwendungsbeispiele diskutiert. (01/00)
45 years after the discovery of transition metals and organometallics as cocatalysts for the polymerization of olefins and for organic synthesis, these compounds have not lost their fascination. The birthday of Karl Ziegler, the great pioneer in this metalorganic catalysis, is now 100 years ago. Polyolefins and polydienes produced by Ziegler-Natta catalysis are the most important plastics and elastomers. New impulses for the polymerization of olefins have been brought about by highly active metallocenes and other single site catalysts. Just by changing the ligands of the organometallic compounds, the structure of the polymers produced can be tailored in a wide manner. In invited lectures and posters, relevant aspects of the metalorganic catalysts for synthesis and polymerization are discussed in this book. This includes mechanism and kinetics, stereochemistry, material properties, and industrial applications.
This book introduces multi-catalyst systems by describing their mechanism and advantages in asymmetric catalysis. • Helps organic chemists perform more efficient catalysis with step-by-step methods • Overviews new concepts and progress for greener and economic catalytic reactions • Covers topics of interest in asymmetric catalysis including bifunctional catalysis, cooperative catalysis, multimetallic catalysis, and novel tandem reactions • Has applications for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, materials, and flavour and fragrance
"This thesis describes the use of multiple transition metal catalysts for the selective formation of carbon-carbon bonds. While the majority of cross coupling reactions rely on one transition-metal catalyst which reacts with a stoichiometric metal reagent, the combination of two metal catalysts in reactions has the potential to significantly increase the expediency towards synthetic targets, eliminating the need for stoichiometric metal reagents and improving functional group compatibility. There are many precedents for the combination of catalysts in organic methodology, however relatively few examples of multimetallic catalyzed reactions exist, and even fewer examples exist where the mechanism between the two catalytic metals is understood. The aim of the projects communicated in this thesis is two-fold: (1) To design new and efficient ways to form useful carbon-carbon bonds (Csp2-Csp3, Csp2-Csp2, and Csp2-Csp2) from readily available starting materials and (2) to provide insight into how two transition metal catalysts can cooperate in a reaction to achieve high selectivity and yield. Chapter 1 reviews the importance of carbon-carbon bond formation and introduces the main methods of cross coupling, including the concept of multimetallic catalysis. Previous examples of dual metal catalysis are summarized in the literature and the advantages and challenges of using two metals in a catalytic system are discussed. Chapter 2 presents a nickel and cobalt catalyzed strategy for the formation of Csp2-Csp3 bonds. The first attempted cross electrophile couplings to form diarylmethanes from benzyl halides and aryl iodides is reported in moderate selectivity, followed by the strategic optimization of the co-catalytic system which enables higher yields and selectivity through the coupling of benzyl sulfonate esters with aryl halides. In this reaction, nickel reacts selectively with aryl halides through an oxidative addition step, while cobalt phthalocyanine generates radicals through an Sn2 reaction with benzyl sulfonate esters, followed by homolysis. The extension of this method to coupling benzyl phosphonate esters and primary and secondary benzyl chlorides is also presented. Chapter 3 reports the quest for and ultimate discovery of a multimetallic catalyzed Csp2-Csp2 coupling. Beginning with stoichiometric transmetalation studies for the coupling of aryl C-H bonds with aryl C-X bonds, the reaction of various metal aryl complexes based on iridium, ruthenium, copper, nickel, and palladium are described. While these reactions were ineffective in generating unsymmetrical biaryls, the catalytic combination of a nickel and palladium catalyst to couple aryl bromides with aryl trifluoromethanesulfonate esters for the design of a cross Ullman reaction was a success. This reaction provided access to a variety of unsymmetrical biaryls maintaining an equimolar catalyst loading of the two metals, and showed promise for later development of the formation of useful unsymmetrical bipyridines and dienes. The scope of this remarkable reaction, the origin of selectivity, and the enhancement in rate and selectivity by a KF additive is presented. Additionally, the optimization strategy towards coupling chlorobenzene and electron-rich aryl chlorides is communicated. Finally, this chapter includes the first attempted multimetallic catalyzed multicomponent reactions with the nickel and palladium as well as nickel and cobalt catalyzed systems, including carbonylation, and the difunctionalization of olefins and alkynes."--Pages xii-xiii.
Advanced Catalysts Based on Metal-organic Frameworks is a comprehensive introduction to advanced catalysts based on MOFs. It covers basic information about MOF catalysts with industrial and environmental applications. It updates readers on current applications and strategies to apply MOF-based catalysts in industrial processes geared for sustainability initiatives such as renewable energy, pollution control and combating carbon emission. Key Features - 13 structured, easy to read chapters that comprehensively cover MOF catalysts - An introduction to basic information about MOF catalysts - In-depth coverage of advanced applications of MOF catalysts - Explanation of MOF modifications and applications of derivative compounds - In-depth coverage of MOF catalysts used for electrocatalysis and photocatalysis - Detailed explanation of environmental-friendly and sustainable technologies (biomass upgrading, water purification, CO2 capture) - Updated references for advanced readers The is an essential reference for chemical engineers, scientists in the manufacturing and sustainability industry and post-graduate scholars working on MOFs and chemical catalysis.