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In the history of St. Augustine, the story of the Minorcans, who still today exert tremendous political and social influence, rivals the drama of the Jamestown or Plymouth settlements. Patricia C. Griffin describes their first twenty years in the New World, including the hardship of their arrival in British East Florida in 1768, their starvation and suffering on an indigo plantation, and their revolt and flight to sanctuary in St. Augustine. There, survivors of this devastating experience pieced back together their Mediterranean heritage. In time, they became farmers, craftsmen, shopkeepers, mariners, and fishermen. "Mullet on the beach," their freedom cry, signaled the emigrants' release from plantation captivity. As the Floridas reverted to Spanish control and were later acquired by the United States, the Minorcans became the core population of St. Augustine, settling into a quarter next to the city gate and south of the old Spanish fort which is now known as the restored area. Griffin brings alive this remarkable colonial venture through her use of documentary sources, archaeological evidence, and topographical and climatic data. Students of Florida history and the Spanish borderlands, specialists in migration studies, ethnohistorians, and the general reader will value this solidly researched study of a folk community's struggle and triumph in the New World.
This 1981 volume considers all the aspects of grey mullets which are of relevance to their culture.
Mullets (grey mullets) are a family (Mugilidae) and order of ray-finned fish found in temperate and tropical waters worldwide. There are approximately 80 species of mullet; these fish have been considered an important food source in Mediterranean Europe since Roman times. This book provides a long overdue update on the biology and ecology of mullet
With great anticipation, more than twelve hundred settlersthe majority from the Mediterranean island of Minorcaarrived on the eastern shore of Florida, south of St. Augustine, in 1768 to begin a new life at the colony of New Smyrna. Despite the initial successes of the colony, political strife and inadequate financing steered the colonists into dire straights. Fleeing the miserable living conditions and ruthless maltreatment of colony overseers, the colonists eventually sought refuge in St. Augustine, where the governor granted them asylum in 1777. For more than two hundred years the descendants of the surviving colonists have formed a resourceful and talented portion of St. Augustines population. From the six hundred plus that made the walk from New Smyrna, there are now over fifteen thousand descendants living in the St. Augustine area today. This book reveals the history of these fascinating people for the first time.
Includes various departmental reports and reports of commissions. Cf. Gregory. Serial publications of foreign governments, 1815-1931.
This book contains 15 stories and 48 poems. Four of the stories are works of fiction. Some of the stories, for example, Life on a sugar plantation in colonial Guyana, contain a lot of information of historical significance that has previously been unrecorded and could well be lost in the passage of time. I was born in 1945 on Springlands Sugar Estate where we lived in a small cottage in the estate compound behind and west of the District Commissioners Office building. The story about life on a British colonial sugar plantation is drawn from personal experience and it is told in the voice of someone who actually lived that life. The story entitled: Going to America represents todays reality of Guyanese who have left, leaving, or trying to leave Guyana. The expatriate Guyanese community, particularly in North America, should certainly be able to relate to that experience. Many of my compatriots were forced to undergo a second traumatic deracination for economic and political reasons, lack of opportunity in the homeland, no jobs, no viable future, and other reasons, when they emigrated to Britain, United States of America, Canada, the West Indies, and other places. The ancestors of Afro-Guyanese were dragged out of Africa and brought to the New World as slaves. The forefathers of Indo-Guyanese were lured to British Guiana by deception and false promises and became bound coolies trapped in a form of indentured servitude that some regard as another form of slavery. The second Guyanese uprooting and displacement, though done largely voluntarily, was no less disruptive, frightening, emotionally turbulent, and difficult than the first one either from Africa or India. Life for these people in a new land, very often in hostile climatic conditions quite unlike the tropical conditions in the homeland, was difficult, harrowing, stressful, tumultuous, psychologically traumatic, and distressing for new emigrants. The history of the Guyanese people is written in blood, sweat, tears, suffering, and misery. The children of the new Guyanese diaspora will subsequently have their own story to tell about life in an alien land. It has been said that it is easy for the poor to escape from a poor nation but it is not so easy for them to escape poverty in a rich nation. Emigrants, particularly those of an older generation, who are set in their ways, often experience extreme difficulties acculturating and assimilating into a different society and adjusting to an alien way of life. They are often relegated to a shadowy existence in the marginalized immigrant community standing on the periphery of an alien culture looking in and experiencing loneliness, hopelessness, helplessness, and lacking a sense of belonging. Refer to the poem in this book entitled: Living in a place where you were not born for some insights on this issue. Stories such as: Hunting birds with slingshots in Guyana, Making and flying kites in Guyana, Catching mullet at No. 73 waterside, Notorious fowl thieves of the village, and When you really know it was Christmas time, can elicit strong nostalgia and sentimental memories of youthful experiences so pleasurable and engrossing that it could cause you to yearn for a past life that was simple, care-free, full of wonderful remembrances and recollections. When I think of the wonderful life I once lived at Clonbrook, I am a young lad all over again and I am happy. Those who lived that life and had fond memories of it should certainly share these stories with their children and grandchildren. Make these stories more real and fascinating by adding your own memories and experiences as you read them to your descendants. After all, everybody has a story to tell. There are forty eight poems in this compilation that are sure to evoke emotions and nostalgia. Many deal with subject matters pertaining to the Corentyne. The reason for that is simple. I was born and raised in the Upper Corentyne and I hold lots of treasured an