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The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
Strain has a tremendous effect on the morphology and composition of heteroepitaxial semiconductor thin films. Recent progress in strained island formation, and in the morphological and compositional instabilities induced by heteroepitaxial stress, has led to new theoretical and experimental advances, as well as to promising materials for various optoelectronic applications. This book brings together research groups looking at important advances and breaking news in the field. The book centers around mechanisms rather than materials, thus papers in different semiconductor systems, including SiGe, III-V, nitrides, or II-VI semiconductors, are presented. Issues on growth, characterization, and modeling of morphological and compositional nonuniformities are also addressed, as are devices based on these spontaneous structures. Topics include: surface dynamics - atomistic processes; growth on patterned, high-index and vicinal substrates; quantum dots and wires; interdiffusion and segregation; band structure, electronic properties and devices; morphology and microstructure; and nitrides
During the last 20 years interest in high-resolution x-ray diffractometry and reflectivity has grown as a result of the development of the semiconductor industry and the increasing interest in material research of thin layers of magnetic, organic, and other materials. For example, optoelectronics requires a subsequent epitaxy of thin layers of different semiconductor materials. Here, the individuallayer thicknesses are scaled down to a few atomic layers in order to exploit quantum effects. For reasons of electronic and optical confinement, these thin layers are embedded within much thicker cladding layers or stacks of multilayers of slightly different chemical composition. It is evident that the interface quality of those quantum weHs is quite important for the function of devices. Thin metallic layers often show magnetic properties which do not ap pear for thick layers or in bulk material. The investigation of the mutual interaction of magnetic and non-magnetic layers leads to the discovery of colossal magnetoresistance, for example. This property is strongly related to the thickness and interface roughness of covered layers.
The book addresses issues associated with physics and technology of injection lasers based on self-organized quantum dots. Fundamental and technological aspects of quantum dot edge-emitting lasers and VCSELs, their current status and future prospects are summarized and reviewed. Basic principles of QD formation using self-organization phenomena are reviewed. Structural and optical properties of self-organized QDs are considered with a number of examples in different material systems. Recent achievements in controlling the QD properties including the effects of vertical stacking, changing the matrix bandgap and the surface density of QDs are reviewed. The authors focus on the use of self-organized quantum dots in laser structures, fabrication and characterization of edge and surface emitting diode lasers, their properties and optimization with special attention paid to the relationship between structural and electronic properties of QDs and laser characteristics. The threshold and power characteristics of the state-of-the-art QD lasers are demonstrated. Issues related to the long-wavelength (1.3-mm) lasers on a GaAs substrate are also addressed and recent results on InGaAsN-based diode lasers presented for the purpose of comparison.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
Solid-state chemistry is an interdisciplinary field, and these researchers share the common challenge of understanding, controlling, and predicting the structures and properties of solids at the atomic level. This book provides a forum for the presentation of recent advances in the solid-state chemistry of inorganic materials and the impact of these advances on the development of practical applications. Topics include: crystal chemistry of complex systems; dielectrics, crystal chemistry, glasses and electrical transport; transport properties/metal-insulator systems; magnetism and manganates; new materials - meso/nanoporous materials; micro/meso/ nanoporous materials - inorganic/organic hybrids; synthesis, new methods and new materials; solid-state ionics, battery materials, thermopower and optical materials; solid-state ionics, battery materials and energy storage; and thermopower, themal expansion and optical materials. A highlight is a section dedicated to Professor J.M. Honig in recognition of his many contributions to the discipline of solid-state chemistry and his stewardship of the Journal of Solid-State Chemistry.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
Annotation Beginning with a concise review of the physics and chemistry of polymers and their structure and morphology, this book goes on to describe and explain the common methods of characterizing polymers, including optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, among others. Also covered are the characterization and modification of such surface properties as adhesion, wetting, tribology, and surface thermodynamics.
A significant portion of these papers from a winter 2000 symposium examine materials and devices at the nano-scale, with work on self- organized structures as well as nano-patterned thin-film structures. Materials research in three-, two-, one-, and zero-dimensional objects is addressed. Other major themes include pattern formation on surfaces, magnetism in films, thin film nucleation and alloy formation, and diffusion and morphological evolution of surfaces and thin films. Quantum dots and quantum size effects, metal/silicon and germanium/silicon epitaxy, metal on semiconductor and semiconductor thin films, and semiconductor epitaxy are also discussed. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.