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Inspired by egalitarian doctrines, the Dalit communities in India have been fighting for basic human and civic rights since the middle of the nineteenth century. In this book, Shailaja Paik focuses on the struggle of Dalit women in one arena - the realm of formal education – and examines a range of interconnected social, cultural and political questions. What did education mean to women? How did changes in women’s education affect their views of themselves and their domestic work, public employment, marriage, sexuality, and childbearing and rearing? What does the dissonance between the rhetoric and practice of secular education tell us about the deeper historical entanglement with modernity as experienced by Dalit communities? Dalit Women's Education in Modern India is a social and cultural history that challenges the triumphant narrative of modern secular education to analyse the constellation of social, economic, political and historical circumstances that both opened and closed opportunities to many Dalits. By focusing on marginalised Dalit women in modern Maharashtra, who have rarely been at the centre of systematic historical enquiry, Paik breathes life into their ideas, expectations, potentials, fears and frustrations. Addressing two major blind spots in the historiography of India and of the women’s movement, she historicises Dalit women’s experiences and constructs them as historical agents. The book combines archival research with historical fieldwork, and centres on themes including slum life, urban middle classes, social and sexual labour, and family, marriage and children to provide a penetrating portrait of the actions and lives of Dalit women. Elegantly conceived and convincingly argued, Dalit Women's Education in Modern India will be invaluable to students of History, Caste Politics, Women and Gender Studies, Education Studies, Urban Studies and Asian studies.
Modernization in India was initiated by Britain's East India Company through its educational policy. When the British left India, there were three modernist education projects in operation. A man by the name of Baba Saheb Ambedkar also developed his own vision of an education movement for the people of India. Ambedkar asserted that British education did not help Dalits, a marginalized group in Indian society. Modernization and Dalit Education is devoted to the major contributions of Ambedkar in education, the theory of Dalit development, and the need for industrialization. The natural corollary of modernization in India includes, according to Ambedkar, the translation of democratic values not only in social life but in economic life too, through the promotion of the public sector. The book also examines Ambedkar's ideas about the contemporary educational problems of Dalits, such as the equality of opportunity in education, the empowerment of Dalits through education, and the marginalization of Dalits in emerging areas of study in higher education. It concludes with a retort that development in general, and the emancipation of Dalits in particular, is possible only through parliamentary democracy.
The linguistic origin of the term Dalit is Marathi, and pre-dates the militant-intellectual Dalit Panthers movement of the 1970s. It was not in popular use till the last quarter of the 20th century, the origin of the term Dalit, although in the 1930s, it was used as Marathi-Hindi translation of the word "Depressed Classes". The changing nature of caste and Dalits has become a topic of increasing interest in India. This edited book is a collection of originally written chapters by eminent experts on the experiences of Dalits in India. It examines who constitute Dalits and engages with the mainstream subaltern perspective that treats Dalits as a political and economic category, a class phenomenon, and subsumes homogeneity of the entire Dalit population. This book argues that the socio-cultural deprivations of Dalits are their primary deprivations, characterized by heterogeneity of their experiences. It asserts that Dalits have a common urge to liberate from the oppressive and exploitative social arrangement which has been the guiding force of Dalit movement. This book has analysed this movement through three phases: the reformative, the transformative and the confrontationist. An exploration of dynamic relations between subalternity, exclusion and social change, the book will be of interest to academics in the field of sociology, political science and contemporary India.
This book breaks new ground in the study of Dalit Literature, including in its corpus, a range of genres such as novels, autobiographies, pamphlets, poetry, short stories as well as graphic novels. With contributions from major scholars in the field, it critically examines Dalit literary theory and initiates a dialogue between Dalit writing and Western literary theory.
This book, companion to the much-acclaimed Dalit Literatures in India, examines questions of aesthetics and literary representation in a wide range of Dalit literary texts. It looks at how Dalit literature, born from the struggle against social and political injustice, invokes the rich and complex legacy of oral, folk and performative traditions of marginalised voices. The essays and interviews systematically explore a range of literary forms, from autobiographies, memoirs and other testimonial narratives, to poems, novels or short stories, foregrounding the diversity of Dalit creation. Showcasing the interplay between the aesthetic and political for a genre of writing that has ‘change’ as its goal, the volume aims to make Dalit writing more accessible to a wider public, for the Dalit voices to be heard and understood. The volume also shows how the genre has revolutionised the concept of what literature is supposed to mean and define. Effervescent first-person accounts, socially militant activism and sharp critiques of a little-explored literary terrain make this essential reading for scholars and researchers of social exclusion and discrimination studies, literature (especially comparative literature), translation studies, politics, human rights and culture studies.
This book is a rich and intellectual collection of sixteen papers internationally frames. Exclusion Inclusion revolves around the twin objectives of social justice and good governance and alleviation of poverty and amelioration of the living conditions of weaker sections, minorities, women, children and rural masses. Contents Preface About The Book Contributors Details About The Editors 1. What Does it Mean to be an Untouchable? A Study of the Many Contours of Subjugation and “Independence” In Mulk Raj Anand’s Untouchable Amarjeet Nayak 2. Sustainable Development of Businesses Key to Social Inclusion Kimi Thareja & Rashi Thareja 3. Inclusive Growth and Socio-Economic Political linkage of Inclusive Policies for Exclusive Sections V. Rama Krishna 4. General Health and Alienation Status of Divorced Women in Bangladesh Neaz Ahmed Ph.D & Abul Hossen Ph.D 5. A Review of Higher Education and ICT Analysis in India: An Inclusive Approach for Social Change R. Shashidhar & Muniraju M 6. Dalit Education and the ideology of Ambedkar: A case study in Odisha Madhusmita Sahoo & Swagatika Biswal 7. Improving Child immunization in EAGA states: Learning from Kerala experience Rajesh J Nair 8. Campaigning for Inclusion: Muslims and Social Exclusion in Contemporary West Bengal Kenneth Bo Nielsen 9. Social Capital and Financial Inclusion through Banking Technology Education as A Silver Lining to Quell Social Exclusion Krishna Kishore & Dr. Aloysius Sequeira 10. Social exclusion of Criminal Tribe: A Case Study on Lodhas of West Bengal Proggya Ghatak 11. Philosophy of Social Inclusion in Indian Tradition Professor Raghunath Ghosh 12. Rammanohar Lohia and Vivekananda’s Idea of Social Exclusion: A Comparative Analogy Pratyay Dutta 13. Safe Motherhood Practices: A study among the Indian Tribal Mothers Dr. A. K. Ravishankar 14. Awareness of Pubertal Changes of Schedule Tribe Adolescents: A Comprehensive Programme in Rajasthan Parul Tripathi 15. Studying socio-economic factors affecting Female Foeticide in Himachal Pradesh Shashi Punam & Piar Chand Ryhal 16. Gender Mainstreaming: A Concrete Way for Social Inclusion Rangaswamy D 17. Changing Faces of Rural Livelihoods in India Dr. Ramesh B 18. Potential of MGNREGS to Address the Agrarian Crisis: A Case for Repositioning the Scheme Dr Ashok Antony D’Souza
Bridging two generations of scholarship on social inequality and modern political forms, this book examines the political philosophies of inclusion of subalterns/Dalits in Gramsci and Ambedkar’s political philosophies. It highlights the full range of Gramsci’s ‘philosophy of praxis’ and presents a more critical appreciation of his thought in the study of South Asian societies. Equally, Ambedkar’s thought and philosophy is put to the forefront and acquires a prominence in the international context. Overcoming geographical, cultural and disciplinary boundaries, the book gives relevance to the subalterns. Following the lead of Gramsci and Ambedkar, the contributors are committed, apart from underscoring the historical roots of subalternity, to uncovering the subalterns’ presence in social, economic, cultural, educational, literary, legal and religious grounds. The book offers a renewed critical approach to Gramsci and Ambedkar and expands on their findings in order to offer a present-day political focus into one of the most crucial themes of contemporary society. This book is of interest to an interdisciplinary audience, including political theory, post-colonial studies, subaltern studies, comparative political philosophy, Dalit studies, cultural studies, South Asian studies and the study of religions.
This book is a detailed account of how hierarchy has been maintained historically by the Nepali state, affirming the uniqueness of a caste-based social order by bringing outsiders, especially ethnic groups and religious minorities, into the caste fold. Focusing on the contemporary state of Dalits, the community that was and is put at the bottom of a very hierarchical social order in Nepal, the author argues that the traditional caste-based social order is still prevalent in the “new” Nepal even after the recent socio-political and constitutional changes. Illustrated by scientifically employed and interpreted data mainly in the three sectors of education, politics and employment, the book postulates that people who were and are born into the “high caste” still have more access to the resources and opportunities available in society in comparison with those born into the “lower” caste. It further argues that although reservation policies are in place to address social exclusion, these could not bring expected outcomes mainly due to the lack of engagement, if not ignorance, of both dominant groups and the community in the margin. The absence of clarity among political actors on the positive discrimination and affirmative actions has contributed to backtracking the recently created space in line with “inclusive Nepal”.