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This book offers a comparative approach within a general framework of studies on minority languages of Western Europe and Russia and former Soviet space, focusing on linguistic, legal and categorization aspects. It is connected to a comparative study of the semantic contents of the terms referring to the different categories of these languages. The volume features multidisciplinary approaches, first linguistic (sociolinguistic and semantic) and legal, and investigates the limits of country-to-country comparisons, mirroring cases from France, Spain, and China with their counterparts from Soviet and later Russian configurations. Special examples, from a region as Ingria and a country as Tajikistan, help to contextualize this approach. In addition, the notion of migration languages, also minority languages, is studied in bilingual contexts, both from external (German, Greek, Chinese ...) and internal origins (Chuvash), linked to the urbanization in contemporary societies that has fostered the presence of these languages in major cities.
This book offers a comparative approach within a general framework of studies on minority languages of Western Europe and Russia and former Soviet space, focusing on linguistic, legal and categorization aspects. It is connected to a comparative study of the semantic contents of the terms referring to the different categories of these languages. The volume features multidisciplinary approaches, first linguistic (sociolinguistic and semantic) and legal, and investigates the limits of country-to-country comparisons, mirroring cases from France, Spain, and China with their counterparts from Soviet and later Russian configurations. Special examples, from a region as Ingria and a country as Tajikistan, help to contextualize this approach. In addition, the notion of migration languages, also minority languages, is studied in bilingual contexts, both from external (German, Greek, Chinese ...) and internal origins (Chuvash), linked to the urbanization in contemporary societies that has fostered the presence of these languages in major cities.
This is the first comprehensive volume to compare the sociolinguistic situations of minorities in Russia and in Western Europe. As such, it provides insight into language policies, the ethnolinguistic vitality and the struggle for reversal of language shift, language revitalization and empowerment of minorities in Russia and the European Union. The volume shows that, even though largely unknown to a broader English-reading audience, the linguistic composition of Russia is by no means less diverse than multilingualism in the EU. It is therefore a valuable introduction into the historical backgrounds and current linguistic, social and legal affairs with regard to Russia’s manifold ethnic and linguistic minorities, mirrored on the discussion of recent issues in a number of well-known Western European minority situations.
A compilation of papers taken from the Fourth International Conference on Minority Languages. While the first volume focused on the more theoretically orientated papers, this volume emphasizes the inventorial or descriptive approach.
Minority languages in Europe, as part of a common cultural heritage, need protection. The contributions to this book reflect urgent, stimulating and productive debates among researchers in sociolinguistics, linguistic anthropology, politics and sociology, and among language activists and policy makers. At the heart of the debate are the effectiveness of the existing political and legal frameworks aimed at protecting linguistic and cultural diversity, and prospects for the survival of minority languages in the process of European integration.
The political and social upheavals following 1989 have had a significant impact on the minority languages of Eastern Europe. There have been attempts at enlightened treatment of minority linguistic groups in some of the new states but in others such groups have been openly oppressed. This volume draws on sociologically and ethnographically oriented work from a number of disciplines to allow the reader to compare developments in the different states, and to examine the interplay of language issues, ethnic nationalism, and processes of state formation and restructuring in the various political and historical contexts of Central and Eastern Europe. A companion volume (0-333-92925-X) examines the status of minority languages in the European Union.
This book is an international collection of essays by 14 researchers. Included are essays on general topics on minority language media, as well as studies of specific examples. The contributors are all experienced researchers in this field. Taken as a whole, the book is the first attempt to define and develop minority language media as a distinct field of study.
Experts on language planning, cultivation and maintenance focus here on the safeguarding measures suggested for European lesser-used-languages as formulated in the 1992 EU Charter. EUROLINGUISTICS WEST: the minority situation of the Goidelic minority languages are described by Mathuna (New Irish), Broderick, Lewin (Manx Gaelic) and MacKinnon (Scottish Gaelic); their maintenance, survival and revival are of great concern. EUROLINGUISTICS NORTH: Hjelde describes the rise and spread of Nynorsk in Norway and North America, after which Weinstock discusses the survival and maintenance of the Sami language varieties in northern Scandinavia and northern Russia. EUROLINGUISTICS SOUTH: the survival and protection of Alsatian German is discussed in detail by Klein, stressing the importance of maintaining the Alsatian dialects for the future as does Begioni describing Italian dialects in contact with Standard Italian. EUROLINGUISTICS CENTRE: the recent standardization and acceptance of Rumantsch Grischun in Kanton Grisons, Switzerland, is described by Cathomas and a similar attempt of standardization of Ladin Dolomitan, South Tyrol, is described here by R. Videsott. These two attempts contrast sharply with the demise and death of Esseker Deutsch, the urban dialect of Ossijek, Croatia, described by Kortic. Furthermore, Socanac gives the reader a survey of language policy in the Habsburg Monarchy with reference to major and minor languages in Croatia. EUROLINGUISTICS EAST: Iamshanova compares the language policy in the former Soviet Union after 1917 and the Russian Federation after 1992. EUROLEXICOGRAPHY and GLOBAL FIGURATIVE PHRASEOLOGY: Merolle and Piirainen present a vivid picture of a new approach.
Deals with the linguistic repercussions of social and political change in Western Europe in a series of articles by specialists in each area that range from general surveys to detailed studies of one linguistic variety in a particular historical context.