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A guide to confirming the identification of over 3,700 species of minerals for mineralogists, materials scientists, and ceramicists. Includes the first modern attempt to use type locality information for identification. Acidic paper. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
As the importance and dependence of specific mineral commodities increase, so does concern about their supply. The United States is currently 100 percent reliant on foreign sources for 20 mineral commodities and imports the majority of its supply of more than 50 mineral commodities. Mineral commodities that have important uses and face potential supply disruption are critical to American economic and national security. However, a mineral commodity's importance and the nature of its supply chain can change with time; a mineral commodity that may not have been considered critical 25 years ago may be critical today, and one considered critical today may not be so in the future. The U.S. Geological Survey has produced this volume to describe a select group of mineral commodities currently critical to our economy and security. For each mineral commodity covered, the authors provide a comprehensive look at (1) the commodity's use; (2) the geology and global distribution of the mineral deposit types that account for the present and possible future supply of the commodity; (3) the current status of production, reserves, and resources in the United States and globally; and (4) environmental considerations related to the commodity's production from different types of mineral deposits. The volume describes U.S. critical mineral resources in a global context, for no country can be self-sufficient for all its mineral commodity needs, and the United States will always rely on global mineral commodity supply chains. This volume provides the scientific understanding of critical mineral resources required for informed decisionmaking by those responsible for ensuring that the United States has a secure and sustainable supply of mineral commodities.
The nutritional value of such inorganic elements as calcium, phosphorus, iodine, copper, and iron has been demonstrated by many investigators, and it is generally recognized that quantitative variations of these elements in foods and feeds are important factors in human and animal health. These and other mineral elements, especially those occurring in trace amounts, are receiving greatly increased attention in both popular and scientific literature dealing with soils, fertilizers, plant growth and composition, food quality, and animal and human health and nutrition.
Description based on: v. 3, published in 2003.
This text presents the principles of mineral nutrition in the light of current advances. For this second edition more emphasis has been placed on root water relations and functions of micronutrients as well as external and internal factors on root growth and the root-soil interface.
An introduction to soil mineralogy; Surface chemistry of soil minerals; An introduction to organic matter in mineral soils; Mineral equilibria and the soil system; Mineral occurrence in soil environments; Carboonate, halide, sulfate, and sulfide minerals; Aluminum oxides and oxyhydroxides; Iron oxides; Manganese oxides ands hydroxides; Kaolin and serpentine group minerals; The pyrophyllite-talc group; Micas; Vermiculites; Chlorites and hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite and smectite; Interstratification in layer silicates; Palygorskite and sepiolite group minerals; Zeolites in soils; Silica in soils: quartz and disordered silica polymorphs; Feldpars, olivines, pyroxenes, and amphiboles; Allophane and imogolite; Phosphate minerals; Titanium and zirconium minerals.
Mineral elements are found in foods and drink of all different types, from drinking water through to mothers’ milk. The search for mineral elements has shown that many trace and ultratrace-level elements presented in food are required for a healthy life. By identifying and analysing these elements, it is possible to evaluate them for their specific health-giving properties, and conversely, to isolate their less desirable properties with a view to reducing or removing them altogether from some foods. The analysis of mineral elements requires a number of different techniques – some methods may be suitable for one food type yet completely unsuited to another. The Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food is the first book to bring together the analytical techniques, the regulatory and legislative framework, and the widest possible range of food types into one comprehensive handbook for food scientists and technologists. Much of the book is based on the authors’ own data, most of which is previously unpublished, making the Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food a vital and up-to-the-minute reference for food scientists in industry and academia alike. Analytical chemists, nutritionists and food policy makers will also find it an invaluable resource. Showcasing contributions from international researchers, and constituting a major resource for our future understanding of the topic, the Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food is an essential reference and should be found wherever food science and technology are researched and taught.
Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.