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The `refugee crisis' and the recent rise of anti-immigration parties across Europe has prompted widespread debates about migration, integration and security on the continent. But the perspectives and experiences of immigrants in northern and western Europe have equal political significance for contemporary European societies. While Turkish migration to Europe has been a vital area of research, little scholarly attention has been paid to Turkish migration to specifically Sweden, which has a mix of religious and ethnic groups from Turkey and where now well over 100,000 Swedes have Turkish origins. This book examines immigration from Turkey to Sweden from its beginnings in the mid-1960s, when the recruitment of workers was needed to satisfy the expanding industrial economy. It traces the impact of Sweden's economic downturn, and the effects of the 1971 Turkish military intervention and the 1980 military coup, after which asylum seekers - mostly Assyrian Christians and Kurds - sought refuge in Sweden. Contributors explore how the patterns of labour migration and interactions with Swedish society impacted the social and political attitudes of these different communities, their sense of belonging, and diasporic activism. The book also investigates issues of integration, return migration, transnational ties, external voting and citizenship rights. Through the detailed analysis of migration to Sweden and emigration from Turkey, this book sheds new light on the situation of migrants in Europe.
Introduction by Çağlar, Sirkeci, Şeker; Mobilities of Turkish migrants in Europe by Pötzschke; Incentive to migrate and to return to home country by Kahn and Billfeld; Turkish refugees and their use of health and social services in London by Yaylagül, Yazıcı and Leeson; Child poverty in Sweden among immigrants by Gustafsson and Österberg; Alevis' transnational practices and identity in the UK by Akdemir; Turkish teachers' views on European identity in Belgium by Yaylacı; Language maintenance and negotiating integration by Baskin; From retreating to resisting by Hametner; Social communication among Turks in Belgium by Yaylacı; Tiryaki Kukla - Smoking cessation and tobacco prevention among migrants in Switzerland by Gross, Arnold and Schaub; "Rewriting" Turkish-German cinema from the bottom-up by Alkin; Grounded theory and transnational audience reception by Özalpman; Turkish Muslims in a German city by Hackett;An Investigation on the Turkish Religious Foundation of the UK by Çoştu and Çoştu
Groundbreaking in its comprehensiveness, this book illuminates the migration of workers from Turkey to Western Europe with new perspectives previously overlooked in research. Indeed, this is the first study of its kind to cover the entire migration process, making extensive use of primary as well as secondary sources in four languages, and it draws on both the historiography and the social sciences of migration. It presents new analyses of the so-called 'push' factors behind this movement and explores the role of the sending state, the system and channels through which labour exits, the labouring population's attitudes towards moving to the West and the relevance of social networks in the migration process. The volume offers a critical assessment of the significance of Turkish labour migration with regard to the demand for foreign labour in Europe, with particular emphasis on the cases of Germany and the Netherlands.
Improving mental health care through culturally sensitive research and practice Culturally sensitive practice is a vital component of effective mental health care in our increasingly diverse societies: Mental illnesses vary in prevalence between cultural and ethnic groups, as do the meanings attached to them and people's responses to them. The important implications of this interplay between culture and psychopathology for diagnosis and treatment are scrutinized and elucidated in this comprehensive and well-organized book, which uniquely looks at a range of practical examples involving various ethnic minority populations in North America and Europe. Leading experts from around the world have integrated divergent topics into a systematic and clinically relevant volume. Cultural Variations in Psychopathology: From Research to Practice is an important resource for researchers and in particular for any mental health professional who works with ethnically diverse communities.
Introduction by Çağlar, Sirkeci, Şeker; Mobilities of Turkish migrants in Europe by Pötzschke; Incentive to migrate and to return to home country by Kahn and Billfeld; Turkish refugees and their use of health and social services in London by Yaylagül, Yazıcı and Leeson; Child poverty in Sweden among immigrants by Gustafsson and Österberg; Alevis' transnational practices and identity in the UK by Akdemir; Turkish teachers' views on European identity in Belgium by Yaylacı; Language maintenance and negotiating integration by Baskin; From retreating to resisting by Hametner; Social communication among Turks in Belgium by Yaylacı; Tiryaki Kukla - Smoking cessation and tobacco prevention among migrants in Switzerland by Gross, Arnold and Schaub; "Rewriting" Turkish-German cinema from the bottom-up by Alkin; Grounded theory and transnational audience reception by Özalpman; Turkish Muslims in a German city by Hackett;An Investigation on the Turkish Religious Foundation of the UK by Çoştu and Çoştu
As violent conflicts become increasingly intra-state rather than inter-state, international migration has rendered them increasingly transnational, as protagonists from each side find themselves in new countries of residence. In spite of leaving their homeland, the grievances and grudges that existed between them are not forgotten and can be passed to the next generation. This book explores the extension of homeland conflicts into transnational space amongst diaspora groups, with particular attention to the interactions between second-generation migrants. Comparative in approach, Diasporas and Homeland Conflicts focuses on the tensions that exist between Kurdish and Turkish populations in Sweden and Germany, examining the effects of hostland policies and politics on the construction, shaping or elimination of homeland conflicts. Drawing on extensive interview material with members of diasporic communities, this book sheds fresh light on the influences exercised on conflict dynamics by state policies on migrant incorporation and multiculturalism, as well as structures of migrant organizations. As such, it will be of interest to scholars of sociology, political science and international studies with interests in migration and diaspora, integration and transnational conflict.
This title was first published in 2003. Using a behaviourist and quantitative approach, this study examines the vexed questions surrounding the economic and cultural integration of immigrants into the Netherlands. The authors use the Dutch case as a specific example of a wider European problem. The book examines the two opposing theoretical and political points of view on integration, whether immigrants need to adapt to the dominant culture before they are able to fully participate in socio-economic life, or whether as they participate in socio-economic life they will gradually adapt to the dominant culture. Based primarily on quantitative research, the authors unravel the complex interrelationship between cultural and socio-economic integration. They explore some of the barriers to entry into Dutch society and discuss questions of ethnic identification, parenting, educational achievement and the labour market. Since contextual factors clearly affect integration, the study also looks at the effects of migrant policies and immigration policies in different West European countries and examines social distance from immigrant groups by the native Dutch population.
This first open access book in a series of three volumes provides an in-depth analysis of social protection policies that EU Member States make accessible to resident nationals, non-resident nationals and non-national residents. In doing so, it discusses different scenarios in which the interplay between nationality and residence could lead to inequalities of access to welfare. Each chapter maps the eligibility conditions for accessing social benefits, by paying particular attention to the social entitlements that migrants can claim in host countries and/or export from home countries. The book also identifies and compares recent trends of access to welfare entitlements across five policy areas: health care, unemployment, family benefits, pensions, and guaranteed minimum resources. As such this book is a valuable read to researchers, policy makers, government employees and NGO’s.
This book explores the transformation and reinvention of conflict-generated diaspora groups’ politics in countries of residence. Numerous narratives link diasporas and conflicts: diasporas are seen alternatively as peace wreckers or peace makers, as products of forced migration related to conflicts, or as targets of securitization policies. “Transported conflicts” occurring within and between diasporas in their countries of residence, however, remain relatively underexplored, tend to be misunderstood, and often associated with “criminal” or “terrorist” activities. The chapters in this volume draw our attention to various interconnected temporalities explaining patterns of conflict transportation, such as the temps long of diasporic mobilisation, the here and now of what is happening in both host and home countries, and micro-temporalities and diasporans’ life trajectories. Finally, the contributions demonstrate that patterns, shapes and even occurrence of conflict transportation vary according to scale and space. Highly politicized forms of confrontation are not necessarily representative of everyday interactions between diaspora groups, which can entail discrete but tangible forms of cooperation and even solidarity. This edited volume calls for nuancing our approach to the links between diasporas and conflicts, to avoid falling into the essentialisation trap. The chapters in this book were originally published in Ethnopolitics.
This book examines local migration policy in Sweden in light of the European migrant crisis. The novel approach of this volume covers both local governments’ policies on admission of immigrants and their efforts for enhancing social integration. The focus is on the division of responsibilities between political levels, examined through theories encompassing both governance structures and output and outcomes of policy. Sweden is a rare example where migration policy has undergone massive changes in the last decade. During the crisis, the country received some of the largest flows of immigrants in relation to its population compared with other European countries. Drawing from statistical material, case studies and a rich body of interviews, this innovative work provides a valuable resource that aspires to investigate the significance of the local level of government in migration policy. The objective is to reach general conclusions that go beyond the realms of the empirical focus.