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Land was the major economic resource in the pre-modern Middle East. Questions of ownership, of access, of management and of control occupied a central role in administration, in law, and in rural practice over many centuries. Nevertheless, the subject of land and property relations is still not well understood.
The new edition of The Middle East Today provides an accessible and comprehensive introductory textbook for undergraduate students of Middle East Studies, Middle East politics and geography. This updated and revised edition features a host of pedagogical features to assist students with their learning, including; detailed maps and images, case studies on key issues, boxed sections and suggestions for further reading. The book highlights the current issues facing the Middle East, linking them to the rich political, geographical and cultural history of the region. The author examines the crises and conflicts, both current and potential, likely to dominate the region in coming years. The second edition has been fully updated and revised to include discussion of such recent events as: the effects of the Arab Spring Turkey’s growing influence in the region the dramatic increase in Iran’s nuclear capabilities Usama bin Laden’s death and declining support for violent extremist movements in the Middle East. Further supplemented by a companion website containing sample chapters, a selection of maps formatted for use in presentations, and annotated links to online resources and websites, The Middle East Today is an essential resource for all students of Middle East Studies, Middle East politics and geography.
Middle East Perspectives is the first book of a trilogy about the Middle East and it addresses the period from 1947 to 1967. The author seeks to portray personal recollections of events that occurred mainly in Egypt, Lebanon, Iraq, and Syria, over a span of twenty years. Decisions made by key political players have influenced their lives, and many readers can offer a concise preliminary account of their experiences in the Middle East and provide a dramatic journal of observations. Contributions in terms of personal perspectives and interpretations focus on international affairs not personal minutiae. The author talked with many people from Egypt and the Levant, who left there but who voluntarily allowed him to draw on their knowledge and experiences. He kept diaries from his high school days as well as personal memoirs to which he often referred to look up particular dates, for instance, the demonstrations that were started during his high school days for the causes of Algeria and Patrice Lumumba and the launching of Lebanons first rockets. Volume One addresses the period beginning with an early stage when the Middle East was still experiencing the unforeseen repercussions of the victorious Allied Forces over Germany in World War II, until the commencement of the one hundred and twenty hours of the Arab-Israeli War in 1967. In fact, the ensuing situation is still one of the factors behind the turmoil in the Middle East. When the governing elite begin to compete and fight among themselves, there is every certainty that their journey will be hazardous, and there is no guarantee they will arrive safely. It is true that their differences in the end will prove to be illusory, and in the absence of any serious effort at reconciliation, rebellious second raters will take over. The prestige and importance of the incoming rebels is considered to exceed by far that of those of the outgoing rulers themselves. The political powers of the newcomers are interwoven with the material rewards of offices. When the rebels become rulers, the palaces, jewels, and treasures of the deposed monarchs (as for example in the cases of Kings Farouk I of Egypt and Faisal II of Iraq) are taken over and distributed among the minority of their successors. Eventually these rebels begin to establish a tradition for which they have perceived hereditary rights to their new important offices, each to retain the position as heirs or next heirs to the authority. This fact, strangely typical of its kind up to now, should be borne in mind when considering the explosive relations between clans at this juncture of Middle Eastern history. And that will continue to be true as long as a constitutional Statehood is not in place. One of the primary objectives of the junta is to figure out how to preserve their presence and maintain power. Deeply moving is when foreign intervention begins to capitalize on such weaknesses; thence, the wheel begins to turn full circle. As the realm flounders in inflation, the intellectual elite and upper-middle classes leave their home countries, which can no longer satisfy their needs. Thus begins the influx of immigrants arriving in Australia, Europe, and America.
The new edition of The Middle East Today provides an accessible and comprehensive introductory textbook for undergraduate students of Middle East Studies, Middle East politics and geography. This updated and revised edition features a host of pedagogical features to assist students with their learning, including; detailed maps and images, case studies on key issues, boxed sections and suggestions for further reading. The book highlights the current issues facing the Middle East, linking them to the rich political, geographical and cultural history of the region. The author examines the crises and conflicts, both current and potential, likely to dominate the region in coming years. The second edition has been fully updated and revised to include discussion of such recent events as: the effects of the Arab Spring Turkey’s growing influence in the region the dramatic increase in Iran’s nuclear capabilities Osama bin Laden’s death and declining support for violent extremist movements in the Middle East. Further supplemented by a companion website containing sample chapters, a selection of maps formatted for use in presentations, and annotated links to online resources and websites, The Middle East Today is an essential resource for all students of Middle East Studies, Middle East politics and geography.
This book presents wide-ranging viewpoints on the issues facing the Middle East, including how religion affects the region, what role the U.S. should play in the Middle East, and more.
In recent years, the Middle East's information and communications landscape has changed dramatically. Increasingly, states, businesses, and citizens are capitalizing on the opportunities offered by new information technologies, the fast pace of digitization, and enhanced connectivity. These changes are far from turning Middle Eastern nations into network societies, but their impact is significant. The growing adoption of a wide variety of information technologies and new media platforms in everyday life has given rise to complex dynamics that beg for a better understanding. Digital Middle East sheds a critical light on continuing changes that are closely intertwined with the adoption of information and communication technologies in the region. Drawing on case studies from throughout the Middle East, the contributors explore how these digital transformations are playing out in the social, cultural, political, and economic spheres, exposing the various disjunctions and discordances that have marked the advent of the digital Middle East.
Divided into three sections, the Handbook of US-Middle East Relations provides a thorough and up-to-date overview of contemporary US-Middle East relations in historical perspective. With chapters contributed by leading experts in the field, this Handbook will be of use to academics, students and researchers in international relations, policy analysts, media professionals and government officials. Part I: Factors Affecting US Relations contains essays including Globalization, Energy Security, Wars and Revolution, Peace Processes, US Foreign Aid Policy to the Middle East, and US Relations with Islamic Groups in the Middle East. Part II: Perceptions of US Relations contains essays on how US policies are viewed, including The View from the Arab Street, The View from Palestine, The View from Pakistan and The View from Kurdistan. Part III: US Relations at the Country Level comprise essays detailing relations between the USA and countries and areas in the Middle East and North Africa, including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Israel, Tunisia, Lebanon, Iran, Iraq, Libya, Algeria and Bahrain. A comprehensive index completes the volume.
This book advances a critical analysis of U. S. Middle East policy and offers alternative perspectives. It highlights areas of policy shortcomings in the wake of ongoing global and domestic changes and draws attention to the need for a new and more plausible U. S. policy. The United States and the Middle East evaluates the roots and consequences of post-World War II diplomatic and military initiatives, including the Arab-Israeli conflict, the Palestinian question, United States relations with Iran following the Iranian revolution, Irangate, the reflagging of Kuwaiti tankers, and the war led by the United States against Iraq. The important roles of U. S. media and Middle East studies and education in influencing U. S. foreign policy are also emphasized. A concluding chapter focuses on the ongoing global restructuring and the U. S. quest for world leadership in the wake of the Persian Gulf War.
They think you're rich. Do they think you're godly? Your supporters consider you saintly and self-sacrificing. Your Middle Eastern friends might beg to differ. So might God. Wealth and Piety explores biblical and Arab cultural expectations for getting, using, talking about, and giving money. This book contains hundreds of verbatim observations about local and foreign wealth by thirty-five Middle Easterners from nine countries, representing all major religious groups. These comments are a mirror in which workers can see their own status and moral reputation as people of the region see them. Combining biblical commentary, cultural analysis and practical advice for expats, Wealth and Piety is designed for both new and experienced workers, as well as mission leaders, administrators, supporters, and donors. Although focused on the Middle East, much of the wisdom of this book is valuable for workers anywhere in the Muslim world or in societies characterized by patronage or an honor/shame orientation.