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Microstructure development in the weld metal region is controlled by various physical processes such as thermochemical reactions in liquid, solidification, and solid state transformations. There is a need for fundamental and generalized models that can predict the effect of these physical processes on microstructure development in a wide variety of alloy systems during welding processes. This paper describes certain advances made in the area of modeling the microstructure development in low-alloy steel, stainless steel, and Ni-base superalloy. In addition, this paper describes the importance of advanced analytical techniques for fundamental understanding of phase transformation mechanisms in welds.
Computational welding mechanics (CWM) provides an important technique for modelling welding processes. Welding simulations are a key tool in improving the design and control of welding processes and the performance of welded components or structures. CWM can be used to model phenomena such as heat generation, thermal stresses and large plastic deformations of components or structures. It also has a wider application in modelling thermomechanical and microstructural phenomena in metals. This important book reviews the principles, methods and applications of CWM. The book begins by discussing the physics of welding before going on to review modelling methods and options as well as validation techniques. It also reviews applications in areas such as fatigue, buckling and deformation, improved service life of components and process optimisation. Some of the numerical methods described in the book are illustrated using software available from the author which allows readers to explore CWM in more depth. Computational welding mechanics is a standard work for welding engineers and all those researching welding processes and wider thermomechanical and microstructural phenomena in metals. Highlights the principles, methods and applications of CWM Discusses the physics of welding Assesses modelling methods and validation techniques
The last two decades have seen a steady and impressive development, and eventual industrial acceptance, of the high energy-rate manufact turing techniques based on the utilisation of energy available in an explo sive charge. Not only has it become economically viable to fabricate complex shapes and integrally bonded composites-which otherwise might not have been obtainable easily, if at all-but also a source of reasonably cheap energy and uniquely simple techniques, that often dispense with heavy equipment, have been made available to the engineer and applied scientist. The consolidation of theoretical knowledge and practical experience which we have witnessed in this area of activity in the last few years, combined with the growing industrial interest in the explosive forming, welding and compacting processes, makes it possible and also opportune to present, at this stage, an in-depth review of the state of the art. This book is a compendium of monographic contributions, each one of which represents a particular theoretical or industrial facet of the explosive operations. The contributions come from a number of practising engineers and scientists who seek to establish the present state of knowledge in the areas of the formation and propagation of shock and stress waves in metals, their metallurgical effects, and the methods of experimental assessment of these phenomena.
This book develops methods to simulate and analyze the time-dependent changes of stress and strain states in engineering structures up to the critical stage of creep rupture. The objective of this book is to review some of the classical and recently proposed approaches to the modeling of creep for structural analysis applications. It also aims to extend the collection of available solutions of creep problems by new, more sophisticated examples.
The aim of Modeling and Simulation of Microstructure Evolution in Solidifying Alloys is to describe in a clear mathematical language the physics of the solidification structure evolution of cast alloys. The concepts and methodologies presented here for the net-shaped casting and the ingot remelt processes can be applied, with some modifications, to model other solidification processes such as welding and deposition processes. Another aim of the book is to provide simulation examples of the solidification structure modeling in some crucial commercial casting technologies as well as to provide practical techniques for controlling the structure formation during the solidification processes.
Contains the papers presented at the fourth International Seminar ""Numerical Analysis of Weldability"" held in September 1997 at Schloss Seggau near Graz, Austria. Topics covered include: melt pool phenomena, solidification, modelling tools and computer programs, microstructural modelling in weld metal and heat affected zone, heat flow, friction welding, modelling special welding processes, and residual stresses and distortion.
Metallurgical Modelling of Welding gives graduate students, engineers and researchers an in-depth insight into the field of welding metallurgy, providing a broad overview of its fundamental principles. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the understanding of the chemical and physical processes which take place during weldning. This book brings together all the basic components to reach the goal of faster process development, optimisation of processes and properties, and the possibility of developing new and weldable alloys.The second edition includes a new chapter of exercis.