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Leading researchers in the biological, chemical, and physical investigation of superantigens describe in step-by-step detail their best experimental techniques to assess the physical characteristics and biological effects of superantigens. Their protocols range from those for investigating the interactions of superantigens with cellular receptors to those for the analysis of their immunological and biological effects, including methods for using BIOcore to determine binding kinetics and establishing various lymphocyte cell culture systems. There are also accounts of such methods as the RNase protection assay, cytokine ELISA, FACS analysis, and cytokine production at the single cell level..
One of the few volumes dedicated to antigen processing, this unique text is not only especially current but also valuable for its description of petentially "hot" areas with its "Future Directions" sections. * Current, important topics covered by this text include: Processing and presentation of foreign and self protein antigens to T lymphocytes Intracellular assembley and transport of MHC proteins Regulation of the assembley and expression of processed antigen-MHC complexes
The purpose of T Cell Protocols: Development and Activation is to c- lect a series of protocols, particularly those that have been developed within the past few years, to help investigators master new techniques (or improve existing ones) for the study of T-cell Biology. Invariably, in putting together a book like this it is difficult to decide which methods to include and which to leave out. To this end methods were selected from a variety of disciplines, including cellular immunology, b- chemistry, and molecular biology, to try to provide something of interest for everyone who works on T-cell development and activation. I would like to mention that my primary reason for agreeing to put this book together is that, when I was a graduate student, I purchased a copy of Selected Methods in Cellular Immunology by Mishell and Shigii which proved a tremendous help in learning the basics of one-and two- dimensional gel te- niques (and other methods). The cover has long since fallen off, but it still remains one of my most valued reference books for the laboratory. It is my hope that T Cell Protocols: Development and Activation will prove similarly useful to current and future scientists wishing to learn new methods for expl- ing the development and activation of T cells.
Vaccine research and development is advancing at an unprecedented pace, with an increasing emphasis on rational design based upon a fundamental und- standing of the underlying molecular mechanisms. The aim of this volume is to provide a selection of contemporary protocols that will be useful to both novice and advanced practitioner alike. The variety of procedures required to design, develop, produce, and assess a vaccine is immense and covers aspects of ch- istry, biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, and immunology. No single volume can hope to cover these topics exclusively. Rather, here we attempt to provide a methods sourcebook focusing on hands-on practical advice. Comp- mentary and background information may be found in other volumes in the Me- ods in Molecular Medicine series. Of particular interest are volumes on Dendritic Cell Protocols, Interleukin Protocols, Vaccine Adjuvants, and DNA Vaccines. Since the publication of the first edition of Vaccine Protocols there have been major advances, particularly in the areas of bacterial genomics, antig- specific T-cell quantification, genetic manipulation of vaccine vectors, the h- nessing of natural molecules concerned with the regulation of immune responses, and the burgeoning field of DNA vaccinology. Hence, the extensive revision of this edition with new chapters on live viral vaccine vectors, atte- ated bacterial vectors, immunomodulators, MHC-peptide tetrameric complexes, and the identification of vaccine candidates by genomic analysis. Additionally, chapters from the first edition have been updated to accommodate state-of-t- art methods in vaccinology.
Mental, neurological and substance use (MNS) disorders are highly prevalent, accounting for a substantial burden of disease and disability globally. In order to bridge the gap between available resources and the significant need for services, the World Health Organization launched the Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP). The objective of mhGAP is to scale-up care and services using evidence-based interventions for prevention and management of priority MNS conditions. The mhGAP Intervention Guide version 1.0 for MNS disorders for non-specialist health settings was developed in 2010 as a simple technical tool to allow for integrated management of priority MNS conditions using protocols for clinical decision-making. With uptake in over 90 countries, mhGAP-IG 1.0 version has had widespread success. It is our pleasure to present mhGAP version 2.0, with updates incorporating new evidence-based guidance, enhanced usability, and new sections to expand its use by both health care providers as well as programme managers. It is our hope that this guide will continue to provide the road-map to deliver care and services for people with MNS disorders around the world and lead us closer to achieving the goal of universal health coverage.
Hands-on laboratory experts present a set of "classic" PCR-based methods for the identification and detection of important animal and food microbial pathogens, including several zoonotic agents. These proven techniques can be precisely applied to a wide variety of microbes, among them Campylobacter spp., chlamydiae, toxigenic clostridia, Escherichia coli (STEC), Listeria monocytogenes, mycoplasmas, salmonellae, and Yersinia enterocolitica. Additional chapters review the specificity and performance of diagnostic PCR analysis, the pre-PCR processing of samples, the critical aspects of standardizing PCR methods, and the general issues involved in using PCR technology for microbial diagnosis.
This book is about melanoma—its biology, immunology, and pathology, as well as the initial use of powerful genomic tools to study its fundamental mole- lar and genetic characteristics. The study of cancer will be profoundly impacted by the Human Genome Project. I would like to discuss some of these changes. The first draft of the human genome sequence was announced in June 2000, and we have just scratched the surface of the changes it will engender in medicine. A relevant question is what are the long-term effects of the Human Genome Project for medicine? I would argue that there are three, and each of these three point toward the view that systems biology will dominate biology and medicine of the 21st century. First, the Human Genome Project introduced a new type of s- ence—discovery science. Discovery science takes a biological system (e. g. , the genome) and defines all of its elements (e. g. , the sequences of the 24 human ch- mosomes). Thus, it creates a rich infrastructure from which the classical hypo- esis-driven science can be done more effectively. The effective integration of discovery- and hypothesis-driven science is a key for systems approaches to bi- ogy and medicine. Second, the Human Genome Project has provided a “periodic table of life.
Current Protocols in Immunology is a three-volume looseleaf manual that provides comprehensive coverage of immunological methods from classic to the most cutting edge, including antibody detection and preparation, assays for functional activities of mouse and human cells involved in immune responses, assays for cytokines and their receptors, isolation and analysis of proteins and peptides, biochemistry of cell activation, molecular immunology, and animal models of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Carefully edited, step-by-step protocols replete with material lists, expert commentaries, and safety and troubleshooting tips ensure that you can duplicate the experimental results in your own laboratory. Bimonthly updates, which are filed into the looseleaf, keep the set current with the latest developments in immunology methods. The initial purchase includes one year of updates and then subscribers may renew their annual subscriptions. Current Protocols publishes a family of laboratory manuals for bioscientists, including Molecular Biology, Human Genetics, Protein Science, Cytometry, Cell Biology, Neuroscience, Pharmacology, and Toxicology.
As applied life science progresses, becoming fully integrated into the biological, chemical, and engineering sciences, there is a growing need for expanding life sciences research techniques. Anticipating the demands of various life science disciplines, Laboratory Protocols in Applied Life Sciences explores this development. This book covers a wide spectrum of areas in the interdisciplinary fields of life sciences, pharmacy, medical and paramedical sciences, and biotechnology. It examines the principles, concepts, and every aspect of applicable techniques in these areas. Covering elementary concepts to advanced research techniques, the text analyzes data through experimentation and explains the theory behind each exercise. It presents each experiment with an introduction to the topic, concise objectives, and a list of necessary materials and reagents, and introduces step-by-step, readily feasible laboratory protocols. Focusing on the chemical characteristics of enzymes, metabolic processes, product and raw materials, and on the basic mechanisms and analytical techniques involved in life science technological transformations, this text provides information on the biological characteristics of living cells of different origin and the development of new life forms by genetic engineering techniques. It also examines product development using biological systems, including pharmaceutical, food, and beverage industries. Laboratory Protocols in Applied Life Sciences presents a nonmathematical account of the underlying principles of a variety of experimental techniques in disciplines, including: Biotechnology Analytical biochemistry Clinical biochemistry Biophysics Molecular biology Genetic engineering Bioprocess technology Industrial processes Animal Plant Microbial biology Computational biology Biosensors Each chapter is self-contained and written in a style that helps students progress from basic to advanced techniques, and eventually design and execute their own experiments in a given field of biology.
Dendritic Cell Protocols provides chapter and verse for many useful practical approaches to the art of studying dendritic cells. The book gives information on the usual techniques for derivation of human dendritic cells from precursor stem cells, such as monocytes. In addition it provides data on the difficult tasks of isolating dendritic cells directly from different tissues; whether dendritic cells from precursor cells or from tissues of mouse or human are required, this book contributes practical information. The last section of the book is devoted to functional aspects of dendritic cells ranging from inf- mation relevant to cell migration to antigen uptake and T cell stimulation. But what is a dendritic cell? The explosion of studies on this cell type over the last few years is breathtaking. We now have so-called “myeloid” and “plas- cytoid” dendritic cells; are they of separate lineages or are they related? There are claims that dendritic cells can be derived from B cells and from granulocytes, as well as from “monocytes. ” Lymphocytes can be switched on or off by dendritic cells. Dendritic cells can preferentially cause Th1 or Th2 responses or some may stimulate B cells directly. When there is so much scope for exploring these new developments, it is particularly important that the data that are established and the practical basis for this work are clearly available, a task that this book fulfils.