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Extensively updated and expanded, this second edition of a bestseller distills the current state-of-the-science and provides the nuts and bolts foundation of the methods involved in this rapidly growing science. With contributions from pioneering researchers, it includes microwire array design for chronic neural recordings, new surgical techniques for chronic implantation, microelectrode microstimulation of brain tissue, multielectrode recordings in the somatosensory system and during learning, as well as recordings from the central gustatory-reward pathways. It explores the use of Brain-Machine Interface to restore neurological function and proposes conceptual and technical approaches to human neural ensemble recordings in the future.
The distributed coding hypothesis —the view that complex cognitive functions such as visual perception or memory formation are the work of large networks of neurons in areas of the cerebral cortex —is widely accepted in contemporary neuroscience. Yet only in recent years have tools emerged that can monitor the electrophysiological activity of neuron ensembles in the cortical areas of awake, behaving animals. The use of these multichannel recording techniques in biological network analysis is changing the way scientists view brain function. These methods also offer the possibility of a direct test of the distributed coding hypothesis. Neuronal Ensembles: Strategies for Recording and Decoding presents a comprehensive treatment of multichannel recording techniques —how to apply them and how to analyze the vast amounts of data they generate. Composed of contributions by leading neuroscientists at the forefront of this technology, the book covers groundbreaking work in multichannel microelectrode technology, analyses of single neuron spike trains, and ensemble analysis of cell populations. The authors outline established techniques, offer practical tips on developing new methods, and share their ideas for further brain research. Topics covered include: Extracellular recording and analysis of neural activity The relationship between neuronal codes and cortical organization Cell assemblies and cognitive function Neuronal population coding Motor cortical information processing Detection and identification of ensemble codes in the motor cortex Ensemble recordings and the nature of stimulus representation in hippocampal cognitive maps Methods, results, and issues related to recording neural ensembles Neuronal ensemble dynamics in the hippocampus and neocortex during sleep and waking Behavioral, electrophysiological, and genetic approaches to the study of synaptic plasticity and memory Neuronal Ensembles: Strategies for Recording and Decoding is an important reference for researchers, graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows in all areas of neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, and bioengineering.
Applying neurophysiological methods to the study of brain-behavior relationships proved to be a major advance in the early days of neuroscience research. Considerable technological progress has been made very recently, and the impact on modern neuroscience will be invaluable. In Electrophysiological Recording Techniques, experts in the field present a current view of the widespread application of electrophysiological methods to the study of the brain and to the problem of brain-behavior relationships. The book has been organized to display the range of modern neurophysiological methods ranging from the recordings of single neurons and neuronal ensembles to recordings of field potentials within discrete brain regions and across multiple brain areas. Many of the chapters also address the major challenge of applying the appropriate methods to analyze and interpret neurophysiological recording data. As a volume in the popular Neuromethods series, the chapters provide authoritative reviews of many commonly used approaches in the field today in both the basic research level and in clinical settings. Practical and up-to-date, Electrophysiological Recording Techniques serves as a key reference volume for researchers working in this ever-changing and vital field.
A multi-disciplinary look at the current state of knowledge regarding motor control and movement—from molecular biology to robotics The last two decades have seen a dramatic increase in the number of sophisticated tools and methodologies for exploring motor control and movement. Multi-unit recordings, molecular neurogenetics, computer simulation, and new scientific approaches for studying how muscles and body anatomy transform motor neuron activity into movement have helped revolutionize the field. Neurobiology of Motor Control brings together contributions from an interdisciplinary group of experts to provide a review of the current state of knowledge about the initiation and execution of movement, as well as the latest methods and tools for investigating them. The book ranges from the findings of basic scientists studying model organisms such as mollusks and Drosophila, to biomedical researchers investigating vertebrate motor production to neuroengineers working to develop robotic and smart prostheses technologies. Following foundational chapters on current molecular biological techniques, neuronal ensemble recording, and computer simulation, it explores a broad range of related topics, including the evolution of motor systems, directed targeted movements, plasticity and learning, and robotics. Explores motor control and movement in a wide variety of organisms, from simple invertebrates to human beings Offers concise summaries of motor control systems across a variety of animals and movement types Explores an array of tools and methodologies, including electrophysiological techniques, neurogenic and molecular techniques, large ensemble recordings, and computational methods Considers unresolved questions and how current scientific advances may be used to solve them going forward Written specifically to encourage interdisciplinary understanding and collaboration, and offering the most wide-ranging, timely, and comprehensive look at the science of motor control and movement currently available, Neurobiology of Motor Control is a must-read for all who study movement production and the neurobiological basis of movement—from molecular biologists to roboticists.
Underlying principles of the various techniques are explained, enabling neuroscientists to extract meaningful information from their measurements.
Basic Electrophysiological Methods provides a concise and easy-to-read guide on a selection of the most important contemporary electrophysiological techniques, their implementation, applications, and ways in which they can be combined and integrated with neuroscientific techniques. Intended for students, postdocs, and faculty with a basic neuroscience background, this text will not obscure the relevant technical details with textbook neuroscience tutorials as many other books do. Instead, each chapter provides a conscientious overview of the underlying theory -- a comprehensive description of equipment, materials, methods, data management, and analysis -- a troubleshooting guide, and a list of frequently asked questions. No book or online resource can function as strictly a DIY set of instructions on how to implement a complex technique. However, this book provides a fundamental and accessible set of information intended to form a foundation prior to, during, and after hands-on experience and training, greatly facilitating the initial learning process and subsequent fine-tuning of technical details.
Insects are among the most diverse and adaptable organisms on Earth. They have long been our chief competitors for food and are responsible for spreading devastating afflictions such as malaria and encephalitis. The insects' ability to thrive is due in large part to their well-developed sensory systems, which present a host of novel physiological,
Written by a panel of experts, Methods in Alcohol-Related Neuroscience Research not only provides information of a technical nature but also gives an overview of the many areas in investigating the effects of alcohol on the brain. It gives technical guidance for investigators doing research at the molecular, cellular, systems, and behavioral levels. These techniques include a wide variety of approaches, ranging from gene mapping and examination of molecular interactions of alcohol at the sub-cellular level to recording of neural activities in freely-behaving animals and imaging alcohol effects on the living human brain.
This volume provides methods on the study of the systems of the brain. Chapters are divided into four parts covering; discriminative touch, proprioception and kinaesthesis, affective touch, individual differences due to atypical development, ageing, illusions and sensory substitution, microneurography, electrophysiology, brain imaging, and brain stimulation. In Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to get successful results in your research center and clinical investigation. Thorough and comprehensive, Somatosensory Research Methods aims to be comprehensive guide for researchers.
The field of drug addiction and substance abuse, which was initially confined to behavioral studies, has broadened dramatically. It now includes a vast array of cellular and molecular approaches as well as sophisticated electrophysiological and neurochemical methodologies that bridge the gap between cellular/molecular events and behavior. In many c