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A siting methodology developed specifically to bridge the gap between regional-energy-system scenarios and environmental transport models is documented. Development of the model is described in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 described the basic structure of such a model. Additional chapters on model development cover: generation, transmission, demand disaggregation, the interface to other models, computational aspects, the coal sector, water resource considerations, and air quality considerations. These subjects comprise Part I. Part II, Model Applications, covers: analysis of water resource constraints, water resource issues in the New York Power Pool, water resource issues in the New England Power Pool, water resource issues in the Pennsylvania-Jersey-Maryland Power Pool, and a summary of water resource constraint analysis. (MCW).
From dams to landfill sites, and power plants to radioactive waste repositories, the siting of facilities is a veritable minefield of conflicts involving industry, planners, authorities, NGOs and citizens. This penetrating volume examines risk, power and identity in contests over the siting of infrastructure and industrial facilities. Going beyond nimby-ism, experts in a variety of fields bring a multiperspective analysis from science, law and media to case studies from the UK, USA and Europe, and expose the political and cultural dimensions of siting conflicts. In the process they show how place attachment and notions of landscape and local identity play a prominent role in resistance to 'development'. Topics covered include the importance of context in siting controversies, siting methods and social representation, siting conflicts, the importance of institutional thinking in facility siting, risk, industrial encroachment and the sense of place, siting and sacred places, and law and fairness. This book is essential reading for academics in social sciences, policy, planning, law and risk; policy makers, planners and decision makers at all levels of government; business and industry, particularly energy generation, including nuclear and renewables, transportation and large dams; risk assessment professionals; and NGOs and activists.
Energy development and the coastal zone -- Outer continental shelf leasing activities -- Other energy development activities -- Socio-economic issues -- Environmental and public safety issues -- Information needs -- State, local and citizen involvement -- Present status of state planning efforts -- National legislation -- Constraints on the siting of energy facilities in coastal areas -- environmental hazards -- Questions of public safety -- Secondary impacts of energy facility siting -- Financial and administrative problems associated with the siting of energy facilities -- financial constraints -- Review and approval of new facilities -- Electrical facilities and the coastal zone -- The controversy surrounding electricity demand forecasting -- Declining growth of electricity sales in the 1973-75 period -- The potential of energy conservation -- Other factors that may influence siting needs -- Electrical facilities and coastal zone management -- Oil and gas facilities and coastal areas -- Projections of future domestic oil and gas reserves and production -- Importation of oil and gas -- OCS oil and gas-related facilities -- Secondary effects of OCS development -- Deepwater ports -- Liquified natural gas storage facilities -- The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 -- Purpose -- Provisions relevant to energy facility siting -- "National interest" and "Federal consistency" provisions -- Status of State management programs -- Amending the Coastal Zone Management Act in order to provide extra emphasis on energy facility siting -- The problem in summary -- Outline of a solution -- S.586 -- Key provisions pertaining to coastal energy activity -- OCS leasing and "Federal consistency"--Management of coastal energy facility siting -- Coastal energy facility impact program -- Coastal energy activity covered -- Eligibility for loans and grants; conditions on expenditure -- Net or temporary adverse impacts -- Automatic grants -- Coastal impacts review board -- Other State energy facility siting programs -- Alternative or advance consideration of sites -- Early notification by utilities of facility plans -- State acquisition of sites -- Relationship of State siting programs to coastal zone management -- Overall State energy conservation and development programs -- Independent State assessment of utility demand forecasts -- Consideration of environmental factors -- Appendix 1: Energy siting programs in four states -- Appendix 2: Federal laws and agencies that affect energy facility siting -- Appendix 3: The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 -- Appendix 4: S. 586 (as passed by the Senate in July 1975) -- Appendix 5: Comparison of alternative methods for distributing coastal energy impact funds.