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Metal Halide Perovskites for Generation, Manipulation and Detection of Light covers the current state and future prospects of lead halide perovskite photonics and photon sources, both from an academic and industrial point-of-view. Advances in metal halide perovskite photon sources (lasers) based on thin films, microcrystals and nanocrystals are comprehensively reviewed, with leading experts contributing current advances in theory, fundamental concepts, fabrication techniques, experiments and other important research innovations. This book is suitable for graduate students, researchers, scientists and engineers in academia and R&D in industry working in the disciplines of materials science and engineering. Includes comprehensive reviews from academic and industrial perspectives of current trends in the field of metal halide perovskite for photonics Provides an up-to-date look at the most recent and upcoming applications in metal halide perovskite photonics, such as; photodetectors, lighting, lasing, nonlinear photonics and quantum technologies Discusses future prospective trends and envisioned applications of metal halide perovskites, from near-UV to near-IR photonics
Metal halide perovskites have received significant attention in the past decade as a promising class of material for energy harvesting, light emission and detection as well as various other solid-state devices. The easy solution processability, high defect tolerance, abundance of raw materials and exceptional optoelectronic properties have warranted intense investigation into their fundamental material physics and their device integration. Particularly, metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are thought to hold promise for next generation displays due to their narrow and tunable emission, high radiative efficiency and easy processability. For instance, red and green perovskite LEDs have now achieved the high external quantum efficiency required for commercial applications, on par with more mature lighting technologies such as organic LEDs and quantum dot LEDs. However, there are still several roadblocks that need to be overcome before perovskite LEDs can be considered a commercially viable technology. These challenges include, device stability, material toxicity, mass-production and development of efficient blue LEDs. The development of efficient blue LEDs is a major milestone in any display technology as it allows the production of multi-color images by combining the three primary colors red, green and blue (RGB). Similarly, the development of efficient white LEDs with excellent white light quality displaying high color rendering indices is also as important for solid-state lighting applications. In this dissertation, we explore two major themes related to the use of perovskites and perovskite related metal halide hybrids in light-emitting applications. The first and the broader work involves the study of various strategies to enable the realization of efficient blue perovskite LEDs. Three of the main challenges in obtaining efficient blue perovskite LEDs have been identified as band gap and emission tuning, poor radiative efficiency of perovskite blue emitters and charge carrier imbalance that results in suboptimal device performance. These issues are addressed in the first theme of this dissertation by introducing effective band gap and emission tuning strategies, improving radiative efficiency of blue perovskite emitters through trap passivation and engineering the energy band edges of perovskite thin films to obtain favorable band alignment and enhanced charge balance. In this theme, two methods are presented in chapter 2 and 3 to achieve band gap and emission control while ensuring spectral stability. These include the synthesis of perovskite hollow nanocrystals and phase control of perovskite multiple quantum well thin films. Perovskite hollow nanocrystals are shown to enable band gap and emission tuning through the formation of a hollow 3D crystal structure and quantum confinement. Reduced grain boundaries and passivation of surface trap sites in these nanocrystalline thin films are also shown to result in high radiative efficiencies. Although the formation of perovskite quantum wells has been shown to be an effective strategy to control the band gap and emission, the crystallization of multiple quantum well phases during thin film formation and fast energy funneling across phases has limited the application of perovskite quantum wells in color tunable and blue LEDs. In chapter 3, we show the addition of diammonium salts enables phase control in perovskite multiple quantum well thin films, resulting in color tunable emission. The presence of diammonium salts was also found to increase radiative efficiency enabling the fabrication of pure blue perovskite LEDs with good efficiency. Finally, energy band edge control of quasi-2D perovskites is also presented as a viable solution to charge injection barriers that appear due to unfavorable band alignment in blue perovskite LEDs. By modifying the dipole moment of organic spacer cations in quasi-2D perovskites through the addition of electron donating or withdrawing substituent groups, rational band edge control is achieved which enables improved blue LED performance due to enhanced charge balance. In the second theme of this dissertation, the use of low-dimensional metal halide hybrids in broadband white LEDs for high color quality applications is shown. The broadband emission spectra of low-dimensional metal halide hybrids are shown to be ideal for white light applications that require full spectrum coverage and high color rendering. The dissertation concludes by presenting a few exciting routes that could be explored to further improve the performance of blue and white LEDs based on perovskites and perovskite related materials. The work presented in this dissertation contributes to the field of perovskite LEDs by exploring the structure-processing-property-performance phase space and providing alternative routes to obtain spectrally stable and efficient blue perovskite LEDs as well as excellent light quality white LEDs, which could help transition perovskite LEDs to commercial viability.
Quantum Photonics aims to serve as a comprehensive and systematic reference source for entrants to the field of quantum photonics, including updated topics on quantum photonics for researchers working in this field. The book reviews the fundamental knowledge of modern photonics related quantum technologies, key concepts of quantum photonic devices, and quantum photonics applications. The book is suitable for graduate students, researchers, and engineers who want to learn quantum photonics fundamentals. The editors, who are leaders in this field, have formulated this book as an introduction to the cutting-edge research in quantum photonics. Researchers and students involved in the development of semiconductor optoelectronics and optical communication systems should also find this book helpful. Covers the whole quantum photonics field, including nanostructured materials, physics, modelling, and quantum technology applications ranging from applications of q-bit emitters to quantum dot lasers Comprehensively and systematically reviews fundamentals and applications of quantum photonics for beginners in the field Provides foundational knowledge for modern photonics-related quantum technologies
Metamaterials-by-Design: Theory, Technologies, and Vision is devoted to a comprehensive review of the latest advancements and current trends in the field of system-level-oriented metamaterial design methods, technologies, and future perspectives. Starting from the theoretical and methodological motivations of this research to macro-scale performance-driven design of volumetric and planar metamaterials, the book introduces advanced task-oriented modeling approaches, including specific reference to their multi-scale/ multi-physics customization in recent metamaterial science and engineering. In the introduction of these concepts, particular attention is paid to the illustration of the physical mechanisms and phenomena at the basis of the field manipulation capabilities enabled by metamaterials. Contributions from industry and academic perspectives on active and passive metamaterial-enhanced devices for communications and sensing are included. The final part of the volume is aimed at providing a perspective regarding the current trends, future research and application tracks in system-performance-driven metamaterial design methodologies and technologies, included potential applications in future reconfigurable and cognitive materials. Includes comprehensive review of the research developments, methodologies, and opportunities in the field of metamaterials-by-design Discusses new and emerging applications of metamaterials in microwave and terahertz spectrum, photonics, and optics scenarios Reviews performance-driven metamaterial design methodologies and technologies in communications and sensing
Biophotonics and Biosensing: From Fundamental Research to Clinical Trials Through Advances of Signal and Image Processing brings together the knowledge of the basic principles of the field of light-biological tissue interaction, detection methods, data processing techniques, and research, diagnostic and clinical applications. It is suitable for new entrants, while also highlighting the latest developments for experts in the field. This volume includes perspectives by leading experts from the biophotonics, biomedical engineering, and data science communities. The reader will receive a basic grounding in the key theoretical principles and practical components of biophotonics and biosensing. Working principles of devices used in spectroscopy, microscopy, and optical sensing are presented along with their application domains. The reader will learn about existing microscopy-based techniques used in biomedical applications for diagnosis and get to know different signal processing algorithms as used in biophotonics. Finally, through concrete examples, including sample preparation and measurement approaches, see how the field has developed thanks to the integration of biophotonics and optical biosensing with signal processing. Introduces key principles of light-biological tissue interactions and biosensing Discusses how the most promising optical diagnostic methods can exploit contemporary signal and image processing algorithms and data analytics Includes examples of clinical studies with detailed descriptions of their implementation, along with practical guidance
Neuromorphic Photonic Devices and Applications synthesizes the most critical advances in photonic neuromorphic models, photonic material platforms and accelerators for neuromorphic computing. The book discusses fields and applications that can leverage these new platforms. A brief review of the historical development of the field is followed by a discussion of the emerging 2D photonic materials platforms and recent work in implementing neuromorphic models and 3D neuromorphic systems. The application of artificial intelligence (AI), such as neuromorphic models to inverse design neuromorphic materials and devices and predict performance challenges is discussed throughout. Finally, a comprehensive overview of the applications of neuromorphic photonic technologies and the challenges, opportunities and future prospects is discussed, making the book suitable for researchers and practitioners in academia and R&D in the multidisciplinary field of photonics. Includes overview of primary scientific concepts for the research topic of neuromorphic photonics such as neurons as computational units, artificial intelligence, machine learning and neuromorphic models Reviews the latest advances in photonic materials, device platforms and enabling technology drivers of neuromorphic photonics Discusses potential applications in computing and optical communications
As an emerging class of semiconductors, metal halide perovskites have demonstrated tremendous potential in various applications, including photovoltaic solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetection, and many other electronic devices. While most of these perovskite electronic devices have adopted polycrystalline perovskite thin films, problems of polycrystalline thin films like the high density of grain boundaries and defects, low stability can hinder the further performance enhancement of perovskite electronic devices. Comparing with their polycrystalline counterpart, single-crystal perovskites provide opportunities in solving such problems. Not only can they provide enhanced crystalline quality and excellent material stability, but also the possibility to alter the electronic properties of perovskites by lattice-mismatch-induced strain. Yet the development of single-crystal perovskite electronic devices is still in its infancy due to the low controllability over the growth of single-crystal perovskite nano/micro-structures and the incompatibility with the conventional semiconductor fabrication protocol. This research aims to develop a platform for growing high-quality single-crystal metal halide perovskite nano/micro-structures using controllable chemical homo/heteroepitaxial growth and fabricating high-performance single-crystal-perovskite-based electronic devices with the conventional semiconductor fabrication protocols. In Chapter One, the basic properties of metal halide perovskites and the current problems presented in the polycrystalline perovskite thin films will be introduced and discussed. In Chapter Two, controllable homoepitaxial growth of metal halide perovskite micro-arrays will be introduced. Our work presents the first controllable growth of large-area single-crystal perovskite microarrays with different sizes, morphologies, crystalline orientations, and patterned structures. In Chapter Three, controllable strain engineering of single-crystal metal halide perovskite thin films by heteroepitaxial-growth-induced lattice mismatch will be introduced. Our work presents the first controllable strain engineering in metal halide perovskite family. In Chapter Four, epitaxial stabilization induced by the chemically epitaxial strain growth will be introduced. Our strategy provides insights into structurally stabilizing the metastable metal halide perovskite family. Our understanding of the controllable epitaxial growth of metal halide perovskites paves the way for next-generation single-crystal metal halide perovskites electronic devices.
Metal halide perovskites are the hottest materials currently.This unique compendium covers systematically the fundamental aspects of synthesis, properties, and applications of metal halide perovskites that exhibit unique properties and useful functionalities.Written for beginners and practitioners, this useful reference text provides a good balance between fundamental concepts/principles and related recent researches with many highlighted examples.This volume benefits researchers, practitioners, graduate students in materials chemistry/nanochemistry, physical chemistry and semiconductors.
This book will provide readers with a good overview of some of most recent advances in the field of technology for perovskite materials. There will be a good mixture of general chapters in both technology and applications in opto-electronics, Xray detection and emerging transistor structures. The book will have an in-depth review of the research topics from world-leading specialists in the field. The authors build connections between the materials’ physical properties to the main applications such as photovoltaics, LED, FETs and X-ray sensors. They also discuss the similarities and main differences when using perovskites for those devices.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Metal Halide Perovskite Crystals: Growth Techniques, Properties and Emerging Applications" that was published in Crystals