Download Free Mesh Generation Of Modeling And Simulation Of Carbon Sequestration Processes Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online Mesh Generation Of Modeling And Simulation Of Carbon Sequestration Processes and write the review.

This book contains papers presented at the Workshop on the Analysis of Large-scale, High-Dimensional, and Multi-Variate Data Using Topology and Statistics, held in Le Barp, France, June 2013. It features the work of some of the most prominent and recognized leaders in the field who examine challenges as well as detail solutions to the analysis of extreme scale data. The book presents new methods that leverage the mutual strengths of both topological and statistical techniques to support the management, analysis, and visualization of complex data. It covers both theory and application and provides readers with an overview of important key concepts and the latest research trends. Coverage in the book includes multi-variate and/or high-dimensional analysis techniques, feature-based statistical methods, combinatorial algorithms, scalable statistics algorithms, scalar and vector field topology, and multi-scale representations. In addition, the book details algorithms that are broadly applicable and can be used by application scientists to glean insight from a wide range of complex data sets.
Under the framework of the Paris Agreement, achieving carbon neutrality by the middle of the century is the fundamental solution to cope with the Climate Crisis. Carbon Capture, Storage, and Usage (CCUS) is a key group of technology to achieve a net-zero energy system. A high-fidelity model that depicts the multiphysics of the carbon storage processes over multiple temporal and spatial scales is essential to predict the fate of injected CO2 and the associated geological formation. In this dissertation, we address several computational challenges arising from high-fidelity simulations of coupling geomechanics models to the multiphase multicomponent fluid flow models for geological carbon sequestration. The necessity of the coupling is first demonstrated using field data from the Cranfield site. Numerical experiments demonstrate that coupling geomechanics enables more accurate estimation of storage volume by considering the geological formation deformation. The geomechanics simulations also depict the stress evolution in both the reservoir and caprock during the carbon storage processes, which is key to ensure caprock integrity for both short-term and long-term success of the project. However, geomechanics simulations are computationally expensive in field-scale simulations. We develop several multiscale adaptive algorithms that root on rigorous a posteriori error estimates of the Biot system solved with a fixed-stress split. Error indicators are developed using residual-based a posteriori error estimates, with theoretical guarantees. We validated the effectiveness of the error indicators with Mandel's problem and proposed novel adaptive algorithms leveraging these a posteriori error estimators. The efficiency of these error estimators to guide dynamic mesh refinement is demonstrated with a prototype unconventional reservoir model containing a fracture network. We further propose a novel stopping criterion for the fixed-stress iterations using the error indicators to balance the fixed-stress split error with the discretization errors. The new stopping criterion does not require hyperparameter tuning and demonstrates efficiency and accuracy in numerical experiments. We also formulate a three-way coupling algorithm for fluid flow models and poromechanics models. The three-way coupling uses an error indicator at each time step to determine if the mechanics equation must be solved and whether the fixed-stress iterative coupling is necessary; otherwise, only the flow equation is solved with an extrapolated mean stress. The convergence of three-way coupling is established for the single-phase flow and linear elasticity with numerical validations. We further extend the algorithm to the compositional flow model. Field scale simulations demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the three-way coupling algorithm in that the mechanics update time is reduced significantly compared to the standard fixed-stress split. Another attempt is to integrate Bayesian optimization into the high-fidelity simulations for carbon injection scheduling optimization. The proposed framework represents a first attempt at incorporating high-fidelity physical models and machine learning techniques for data assimilation and optimization for field-scale geological carbon sequestration applications. The high-fidelity multiphysics simulations strictly honor the physical processes during carbon sequestration, while the Bayesian optimization provides a rigorous statistical framework that balances the exploration-exploitation tradeoff, and effectively searches the surrogate solution space. A benchmark with other commonly used algorithms such as genetic algorithm and evolution strategy demonstrates a very high potential of further applications of Bayesian optimization
Carbon emissions reached an all-time high in 2018, when global carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels increased by about 2.7%, after a 1.6% increase in 2017. Thus, we need to pay special attention to carbon emissions and work out possible solutions if we still want to meet the targets of the Paris climate agreement. This Special Issue collects 16 carbon emissions-related papers (including 5 that are carbon tax-related) and 4 energy-related papers using various methods or models, such as the input–output model, decoupling analysis, life cycle impact analysis (LCIA), relational analysis model, generalized Divisia index model (GDIM), forecasting model, three-indicator allocation model, mathematical programming, real options model, multiple linear regression, etc. The research studies come from China, Taiwan, Brazil, Thailand, and United States. These researches involved various industries such as agricultural industry, transportation industry, power industry, tire industry, textile industry, wave energy industry, natural gas industry, and petroleum industry. Although this Special Issue does not fully solve our concerns, it still provides abundant material for implementing energy conservation and carbon emissions reduction. However, there are still many issues regarding the problems caused by global warming that require research.
This publication contains a methodology and software tools for assessing carbon stocks and modelling scenarios of carbon sequestration developed and tested in pilot field studies in Mexico and Cuba. The models and tools enable the analysis of land use change scenarios in order to identify in a given area (watershed or district) land use alternatives and land management practices that can both maximise food production, soil carbon sequestration and biodiversity and minimize land degradation. The aims is to develop and implement "win-win" options that satisfy the multiple goals of farmers, land users and other stakeholders in relation to food security, carbon sequestration, biodiversity and land conservation. The publication also contains a CD-ROM including three case studies and a Soil-C program demo, program and user manual.
Carbon plays an important role in supporting life and all living organisms are based on the carbon atom. Among the common elements of the earth's surface, the carbon atom is one of few that can form long organic chains and rings: this ability is the foundation of organic chemistry. In this book, the role of the plant residues in the carbon sequestration is discussed throughout plant tissue stabilisation in soil, giving a new approach and understanding of the plant residue conservation in soil. This book also evaluates the changes of properties in olivine generated by mechanical activation, its adsorption properties for carbon dioxide and mechanical carbonation of olivine by dry and wet mode. Furthermore, forestry based carbon emissions offset projects have potential to both mitigate climate change and foster sustainable forest management. While experts generally agree that increased concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere will result in changes in the earth's climate, there is considerable attention to the possibility of using forests as a means of sequestering and reducing emissions of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This book provides an understanding of the role that Kakamega forest as well as agroforestry in adjacent farms can play in the mitigation of climate change through carbon sequestration.
Carbon moves through the atmosphere, through the oceans, onto land, and into ecosystems. This cycling has a large effect on climate – changing geographic patterns of rainfall and the frequency of extreme weather – and is altered as the use of fossil fuels adds carbon to the cycle. The dynamics of this global carbon cycling are largely predicted over broad spatial scales and long periods of time by Earth system models. This book addresses the crucial question of how to assess, evaluate, and estimate the potential impact of the additional carbon to the land carbon cycle. The contributors describe a set of new approaches to land carbon cycle modeling for better exploring ecological questions regarding changes in carbon cycling; employing data assimilation techniques for model improvement; and doing real- or near-time ecological forecasting for decision support. This book strives to balance theoretical considerations, technical details, and applications of ecosystem modeling for research, assessment, and crucial decision making. Key Features Helps readers understand, implement, and criticize land carbon cycle models Offers a new theoretical framework to understand transient dynamics of land carbon cycle Describes a suite of modeling skills – matrix approach to represent land carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles; data assimilation and machine learning to improve parameterization; and workflow systems to facilitate ecological forecasting Introduces a new set of techniques, such as semi-analytic spin-up (SASU), unified diagnostic system with a 1-3-5 scheme, traceability analysis, and benchmark analysis, for model evaluation and improvement Related Titles Isabel Ferrera, ed. Climate Change and the Oceanic Carbon Cycle: Variables and Consequences (ISBN 978-1-774-63669-5) Lal, R. et al., eds. Soil Processes and the Carbon Cycle (ISBN 978-0-8493-7441-8) Windham-Myers, L., et al., eds. A Blue Carbon Primer: The State of Coastal Wetland Carbon Science, Practice and Policy (ISBN 978-0-367-89352-1)
The reconciliation of economic development, social justice and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is one of the biggest political challenges of the moment. Strategies for mitigating CO2 emissions on a large scale using sequestration, storage and carbon technologies are priorities on the agendas of research centres and governments. Research on carbon sequestration is the path to solving major sustainability problems of this century a complex issue that requires a scientific approach and multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary technology, plus a collaborative policy among nations. Thus, this challenge makes this book an important source of information for researchers, policymakers and anyone with an inquiring mind on this subject.
The aim of the book is to provide an understanding of the current science underpinning Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) and to provide students and interested researchers with sufficient background on the basics of Chemical Engineering, Material Science, and Geology that they can understand the current state of the art of the research in the field of CCS. In addition, the book provides a comprehensive discussion of the impact of CCS on the energy landscape, society, and climate as these topics govern the success of the science being done in this field.The book is aimed at undergraduate students, graduate students, scientists, and professionals who would like to gain a broad multidisciplinary view of the research that is being carried out to solve one of greatest challenges of our generation.