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An intensely controversial scrutiny of American democracy's fundamental tension between the competing imperatives of security and openness.
The concept of National Security in the 21st century has expanded beyond our traditional dimensions of security as purely national defence by a state and its military, to policies that accommodate security from the perspective of state and its people. In this context, the powerful tool of media, colossal and integrated, has become an inseparable tool for information dissemination and a continuum in policy intervention for states to secure their integrity and sovereignty. Also, for a democracy like India with a diverse society, its multilingual media becomes an available and active platform for deliberation of actions and rationale to develop opinions and decisions that serves the purpose of independent and palpable citizens involved in the broader decision making. Thus, moving beyond the textbook definition of media to educate and inform, the book focuses on the Indian media in particular as influential and imperative in the current scenario and its role in fighting the psychological war alongside the state and its forces, and against contemporary national security threats such as terrorism. It tries to understand the Indian media in its varied theoretical forms and the projection of its power to the people who employ it and those who synchronize its events. The book also tries to understand the intermingling of conflict and the Indian media, while indulging in newer concepts such as peace journalism and strategic education. However; the role of the Indian media continues to be under question due to its nascent pragmatic endeavours, and thereby needs to be defined categorically and holistically in the Indian domain. This exercise aims to centre the Indian media on its role as an eminent player and collaborator of policies on security and at the same time futuristically assess the extension of its perceived role in the larger dimensions of India's national security.
The concept of media as the "fourth estate" is now firmly established as a main principle of modern Western democratic theory. Free and independent media are a key element in democracies, where they play a vital role as a bridge or transmission belt between society and those who govern. The security sector, however, tends to remain resistant to the processes of democratisation and civilian oversight. Legitimised by the concerns of "national security", governments and security elites advance reasons for lack of transparency and low levels of public scrutiny. Despite some attempts to manage public and media relations, the levels of transparency in performing the tasks and communicating them to the media remain less than ideal. The global war on terror and heightened security threats across the world further contribute to the curbing of freedom of expression, access to information and public scrutiny of the security sector activities. This publication examines the complex relationship between Western security structures and the media, and uses it to draw implications for the role of media in the ongoing processes of democratisation and "security sector reform" (SSR) in transitional countries. It thus offers a unique perspective on the convergence of security, governance and media in democratic and democratising contexts.
New Media Politics: Rethinking Activism and National Security in Cyberspace explores many of the questions surrounding the new challenges that have arisen as a result of the emergence of cyberspace, including cyber-activism, cyberterrorism, and cyber-security. The chapters in this volume provide case studies that span an array of geographies as they debate questions regarding conceptual issues in cyberspace and the relationship between politics, cyberterrorism and cyber-activism, as well as state and international regulations concerning cyberspace, resistance movements in cyberspace, and media frameworks concerning terrorism, civil liberties, and government restrictions. This collection will provide a venue for discussions on the diverse issues surrounding the theme of new media politics from international and interdisciplinary perspectives. The volume is divided into two parts, the first of which focuses on how cyberspace has been used in activism, acts of resistance and protests. The second part investigates issues related to how online media is used in terrorism and how governments have sometimes perceived cyberspace as a threat, leading at times to regulations which threaten to curtail liberties in the name of protecting the “security” of the state against enemies that may be seen as “internal” or “external.”
Fighting for balance / Avril Haines -- Crafting a new compact in the public interest : protecting the national security in an era of leaks / Keith B. Alexander and Jamil N. Jaffer -- Leaks of classified information : lessons learned from a lifetime on the inside/ Michael Morell -- Reform and renewal : lessons from Snowden and the 215 program / Lisa O. Monaco -- Government needs to get its own house in order / Richard A. Clarke -- Behind the scenes with the Snowden files : "how the Washington Post and national security officials dealt with conflicts over government secrecy" / Ellen Nakashima -- Let's be practical : a narrow post-publication leak law would better protect the press / Stephen J. Adler and Bruce D. Brown -- What we owe whistleblowers / Jameel Jaffer -- The long, (futile?) Fight for a federal shield law / Judith Miller -- Covering the cyberwars : the press vs the government in a new age of global conflict / David Sanger -- Outlawing leaks / David A. Strauss -- The growth of press freedoms in the United States since 9/11 / Jack Goldsmith -- Edward Snowden, Donald Trump, and the paradox of national security whistleblowing / Allison Stanger -- Information is power : exploring a constitutional right of access / Mary-Rose Papandrea -- Who said what to whom / Cass R. Sunstein -- Leaks in the age of Trump / Louis Michael Seidman the report of the commission, Lee C. Bollinger, Eric Holder, John O. Brennan, Ann Marie Lipinski, Kathleen Carroll, Geoffrey R. Stone, Stephen W. Coll -- Closing statement / Lee C. Bollinger and Geoffrey R. Stone.
Did media coverage contribute to Americans' tendency to favor national security over civil liberties following the 9/11 attacks? How did news framing of terrorist threats support the expanding surveillance state revealed by Edward Snowden? Douglas M. McLeod and Dhavan V. Shah explore the power of news coverage to render targeted groups suspicious and to spur support for government surveillance. They argue that the tendency of journalists to frame stories around individual targets of surveillance - personifying the domestic threat - shapes citizens' judgments about tolerance and participation, leading them to limit the civil liberties of a range of groups under scrutiny and to support 'Big Brother'.
National secuirty strategy is a vast subject involving a daunting array of interrelated subelements woven in intricate, sometimes vague, and ever-changing patterns. Its processes are often irregular and confusing and are always based on difficult decisions laden with serious risks. In short, it is a subject understood by few and confusing to most. It is, at the same time, a subject of overwhelming importance to the fate of the United States and civilization itself. Col. Dennis M. Drew and Dr. Donald M. Snow have done a considerable service by drawing together many of the diverse threads of national security strategy into a coherent whole. They consider political and military strategy elements as part of a larger decisionmaking process influenced by economic, technological, cultural, and historical factors. I know of no other recent volume that addresses the entire national security milieu in such a logical manner and yet also manages to address current concerns so thoroughly. It is equally remarkable that they have addressed so many contentious problems in such an evenhanded manner. Although the title suggests that this is an introductory volume - and it is - I am convinced that experienced practitioners in the field of national security strategy would benefit greatly from a close examination of this excellent book. Sidney J. Wise Colonel, United States Air Force Commander, Center for Aerospace Doctrine, Research and Education
A comprehensive examination of national security laws and the tensions between the public's right to know, and the government's right to protect its interests.
This book addresses how to conduct policy analysis in the field of national security, including foreign policy and defense strategy. It is a philosophical and conceptual book for helphing people think deeply, clearly, and insightfully about complex policy issues. This books reflects the viewpoint that the best policies normally come from efforts to synthesize competing camps by drawing upon the best of each of them and by combining them to forge a sensible whole. While this book is written to be reader-friendly, it aspires to in-depth scholarship.
The author considers history and current research on the media, public opinion, and communications technology to provide both a view of the present and some suggestions for the future. He examines current claims that CNN-like mass appeal television broadcasting can dictate the march to war, and provides counter evidence that calls the direct connection of the media and policy decision making into question. The author seeks to identify the roles of the principal players and considers the effect of the growing capabilities of the public to be led by the media in national security policy issues. He raises additional questions that suggest considerable further research is required into this very important relationship. Media, First Amendment, National security, Public opinion, Media-public opinion interaction, Information age.