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Dispersion strengthened copper alloys have shown promise for certain high heat flux applications in both near term and long term fusion devices. This study examines mechanical properties changes and microstructural evolution in several oxide dispersion strengthened alloys which were subjected to high levels of irradiation-induced displacement damage. Irradiations were carried out in FFTF to 34 and 50 dpa at 411--414°C and 32 dpa at 529°C. The alloys include several oxide dispersion-strengthened alloys based on the Cu-Al system, as well as ones based on the Cu-Cr and Cu-Hf systems. Of this group, certain of the Cu-Al alloys, those produced by an internal oxidation technique to contain alumina weight fractions of 0.15 to 0.25% outperformed the other alloys in all respects. These alloys, designated CuAl15, CuAl20, and CuAl25, were found to be resistant to void swelling up to 50 dpa at 414°C, and to retain their superior mechanical and physical properties after extended irradiation. The major factor which controls the stability during irradiation was found to be the dispersoid volume fraction and distribution. The other alloys examined were less resistant to radiation-induced properties changes for a variety of reasons. Some of these include dispersoid redistribution by ballistic resolution, effects of retained dissolved oxygen, and non-uniformity of dispersion distribution. The effect of laser welding was also examined. This joining technique was found to be unacceptable since it destroys the dispersoid distribution and thereby the resistance of the alloys to radiation-induced damage.
Dispersion-strengthened copper alloys have shown promise for certain high heat flux applications in both near-term and long-term fusion devices. This study examines mechanical properties changes and microstructural evolution in several oxide dispersion-strengthened alloys which were subjected to high levels of irradiation-induced displacement damage. Irradiations were carried out in the fast flux test facility (FFTF) to 34 and 50 dpa at 411 to 414°C and 32dpa at 529°C.
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This report describes work on producing dispersion strengthened copper alloys using melting and casting techniques as opposed to more conventionally used powder metallurgy techniques. Two methods of approach are described. One method produces copper-thorium boride alloys by liquid phase precipitation. Cu-2% ThB4 alloys produced by this technique show 10 to 80% improved tensile properties, two-to-three orders of magnitude improved creep and stress-rupture properties together with a 2 to 10% increase in electrical resistivity. The second method produces a copper-aluminum oxide alloy by a solid state diffusion reaction following melting and casting. The precipitate formed is extremely fine, resisting recrystallization at 1000C for 24 hours. (Author).
High strength, high conductivity copper alloys are prime candidates for high heat flux applications in fusion energy systems. This chapter reviews the physical and mechanical properties of pure copper and copper alloys with the focus on precipitation-hardened CuCrZr and dispersion-strengthened CuAl25 alloys. The effect of neutron irradiation on copper and copper alloys is reviewed in terms of radiation effects on physical properties and mechanical properties (tensile properties, fracture toughness, fatigue and creep-fatigue), irradiation creep and void swelling. The effect of irradiation on the microstructure of copper and copper alloys and dislocation channeling is also presented. Joining techniques for copper alloys in fusion plasma facing components are briefly discussed.
Various oxide-dispersion-strengthened copper alloys have been irradiated to 150 dpa at 415°C in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF). The Al2O3-strengthened GlidCopTM alloys, followed closely by a HfO2-strengthened alloy, displayed the best swelling resistance, electrical conductivity, and tensile properties. The conductivity of the HfO2-strengthened alloy reached a plateau at the higher levels of irradiation, instead of exhibiting the steady decrease in conductivity observed in the other alloys. A high initial oxygen content resulted in significantly higher swelling for a series of castable oxide-dispersion-strengthened alloys, while a Cr2O3-strengthened alloy showed poor resistance to radiation.