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In this edited book various novel approaches to problems of modern civil engineering are demonstrated. Experts associated within the Lagrange Laboratory present recent research results in civil engineering dealing both with modelling and computational aspects. Many modern topics are covered, such as monumental dams, soil mechanics and geotechnics, granular media, contact and friction problems, damage and fracture, new structural materials, and vibration damping – presenting the state of the art of mechanical modelling and computational issues in civil engineering.
The Second Sino-US Symposium Workshop on Recent Advancement of Computational Mechanics in Structural Engineering was held between May 25-28, 1998, in Dalian, China. The objectives were: to share the insights and experiences gained from recent developments in theory and practice; to assess the current state of knowledge in various topic areas of mechanics and computational methods and to identify joint research opportunities; to stimulate future cooperative research and to develop joint efforts in subjects of common needs and interests; to build and to strengthen the long-term bilateral scientific relationship between academic and professional practicing communities.Topics discussed covered the entire field of computational structural mechanics. These topics have advanced broad applications in the engineering practice of modern structural analysis, design and construction of buildings and other structures, and in natural hazard mitigation.
„Mechanics, Models and Methods in Civil Engineering” collects leading papers dealing with actual Civil Engineering problems. The approach is in the line of the Italian-French school and therefore deeply couples mechanics and mathematics creating new predictive theories, enhancing clarity in understanding, and improving effectiveness in applications. The authors of the contributions collected here belong to the Lagrange Laboratory, an European Research Network active since many years. This book will be of a major interest for the reader aware of modern Civil Engineering.
Numerical simulation methods in all engineering disciplines gains more and more importance. The successful and efficient application of such tools requires certain basic knowledge about the underlying numerical techniques. The text gives a practice-oriented introduction in modern numerical methods as they typically are applied in mechanical, chemical, or civil engineering. Problems from heat transfer, structural mechanics, and fluid mechanics constitute a thematical focus of the text. For the basic understanding of the topic aspects of numerical mathematics, natural sciences, computer science, and the corresponding engineering area are simultaneously important. Usually, the necessary information is distributed in different textbooks from the individual disciplines. In the present text the subject matter is presented in a comprehensive multidisciplinary way, where aspects from the different fields are treated insofar as it is necessary for general understanding. Overarching aspects and important questions related to accuracy, efficiency, and cost effectiveness are discussed. The topics are presented in an introductory manner, such that besides basic mathematical standard knowledge in analysis and linear algebra no further prerequisites are necessary. The book is suitable either for self-study or as an accompanying textbook for corresponding lectures. It can be useful for students of engineering disciplines as well as for computational engineers in industrial practice.
The book provides a new, global, updated, thorough, clear and practical risk-based approach to tunnelling design and construction methods, and discusses detailed examples of solutions applied to relevant case histories. It is organized in three sequential and integrated volumes: Volume 1: Concept – Basic Principles of Design Volume 2: Construction – Methods, Equipment, Tools and Materials Volume 3: Case Histories and Best Practices The book covers all aspects of tunnelling, giving useful and practical information about design (Volume 1), construction (Volume 2) and best practices (Volume 3). It provides the following features and benefits: updated vision on tunnelling design, tools, materials and construction balanced mix of theory, technology and applied experience different and harmonized points of view from academics, professionals and contractors easy consultation in the form of a handbook risk-oriented approach to tunnelling problems. The tunnelling industry is amazingly widespread and increasingly important all over the world, particularly in developing countries. The possible audience of the book are engineers, geologists, designers, constructors, providers, contractors, public and private customers, and, in general, technicians involved in the tunnelling and underground works industry. It is also a suitable source of information for industry professionals, senior undergraduate and graduate students, researchers and academics.
The aim of this International Symposium on Dynamics of Vibro-Impact Systems is to provide a forum for the discussion of recent developments in the theory and industrial applications of vibro-impact ocean systems. A special effort has been made to invite active researchers from engineering, science, and applied mathematics communities. This symposium has indeed updated engineers with recent analytical developments of vibro-impact dynamics and at the same time allowed engineers and industrial practitioners to alert mathematicians with their unresolved issues. The symposium was held in Troy, Michigan, during the period October 1-3, 2008. It included 28 presentations grouped as follows: The first group comprises of nine papers dealing with the interaction of ocean systems with slamming waves and floating ice. It also covers related topics such as sloshing-slamming dynamics, and non-smooth dynamics associated with offshore structures. Moreover, it includes control issues pertaining to marine surface vessels. The second group consists of fifteen papers treats the interaction of impact systems with friction and their control, Hertzian contact dynamics, parameter variation in vibro-impact oscillators, random excitation of vibro-impact systems, vibro-impact dampers, oscillators with a bouncing ball, limiting phase trajectory corresponding to energy exchange between the oscillator and external source, frequency-energy distribution in oscillators with impacts, and discontinuity mapping. The third group is covered in four papers and addresses some industrial applications such as hand-held percussion machines, rub-impact dynamics of rotating machinery, impact fatigue in joint structures.
Predictive theories of phenomena involving phase change with applications in engineering are investigated in this volume, e.g. solid-liquid phase change, volume and surface damage, and phase change involving temperature discontinuities. Many other phase change phenomena such as solid-solid phase change in shape memory alloys and vapor-liquid phase change are also explored. Modeling is based on continuum thermo-mechanics. This involves a renewed principle of virtual power introducing the power of the microscopic motions responsible for phase change. This improvement yields a new equation of motion related to microscopic motions, beyond the classical equation of motion for macroscopic motions. The new theory sensibly improves the phase change modeling. For example, when warm rain falls on frozen soil, the dangerous black ice phenomenon can be comprehensively predicted. In addition, novel equations predict the evolution of clouds, which are themselves a mixture of air, liquid water and vapor.
The book is devoted to investigation of a series of problems of convective heat and mass transfer in rotating-disk systems. Such systems are widespread in scienti?c and engineering applications. As examples from the practical area, one can mention gas turbine and computer engineering, disk brakes of automobiles, rotating-disk air cleaners, systems of microclimate, extractors, dispensers of liquids, evaporators, c- cular saws, medical equipment, food process engineering, etc. Among the scienti?c applications, it is necessary to point out rotating-disk electrodes used for experim- tal determination of the diffusion coef?cient in electrolytes. The system consisting of a ?xed disk and a rotating cone that touches the disk by its vertex is widely used for measurement of the viscosity coef?cient of liquids. For time being, large volume of experimental and computational data on par- eters of ?uid ?ow, heat and mass transfer in different types of rotating-disk systems have been accumulated, and different theoretical approaches to their simulation have been developed. This obviously causes a need of systematization and generalization of these data in a book form.
The book examines innovative numerical methods for computational solid and fluid mechanics that can be used to model complex problems in engineering. It also presents innovative and promising simulation methods, including the fundamentals of these methods, as well as advanced topics and complex applications. Further, the book explores how numerical simulations can significantly reduce the number of time-consuming and expensive experiments required, and can support engineering decisions by providing data that would be very difficult, if not impossible, to obtain experimentally. It also includes chapters covering topics such as particle methods addressing particle-based materials and numerical methods that are based on discrete element formulations; fictitious domain methods; phase field models; computational fluid dynamics based on modern finite volume schemes; hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin methods; and non-intrusive coupling methods for structural models.