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W.E. Knowles Middleton, continuing his series of books on the history of the National Research Council of Canada, here presents a history of the challenges, defeats and triumphs of mechanical engineering at the Council. Throughout much of the history of the National Research Council, the Division of Mechanical Engineering has been mostly preoccupied with problems of aeronautics. During World War II the Division constituted an aeronautical laboratory. The influence of individuals, government departments, and individuals, all involved in supporting and demanding research into problems of mechanical engineering in Canada makes intriguing reading. The volume will be of interest to those investigating the history of science and technology in Canada. It will also be crucial to those interested in Canada's contribution to World War II on the fronts of technology and aeronautics.
This book is the official biography of George J. Klein, a design engineer who spent 40 years at the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) and was considered "the most productive inventor in Canada in the 20th Century". The book recounts Klein's family history and personal life.
One of the brightest Canadian scientists of his generation, Omond McKillop Solandt was a physiologist by training, an engineer by disposition, and a manager by necessity. A protégé of insulin’s co-discoverer, Charles Best, Solandt worked as a scientist for the British government during the Second World War, including as a pioneer of operational research and a manager of scientific establishments. Ending the war as a colonel, he served on the British Mission to Japan, where he studied the effects of the atomic bombs at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, before returning to Canada to become chairman of the newly created Defence Research Board. There he spearheaded Canada’s attempt to create a new and innovative government science infrastructure that served the needs of the Canadian military at the dawn of the nuclear age and worked alongside allies in Britain and the United States. In Maestro of Science, Jason S. Ridler draws on interviews with Solandt and his colleagues and declassified records from Canada and the United Kingdom to paint a vivid picture of the influence and achievements of a Canadian leader in Cold War military research.
"Elsie MacGill, the world's first female aeronautical engineer and professional aircraft designer, influenced early bush planes and guided production of famous aircraft in World War II. 'Elsie the engineer' was also the driving force on Canada's Royal Commission on the Status of Women and every inch the daughter of the suffragette judge Helen MacGill. Affected by muscle paralysis at 24, Elsie often struggled to walk as she pursued her amazing career."--Provided by publisher.
Zimmerman traces the early development of the mission from Britain's initial attempts at technical cooperation in World War I and unsuccessful efforts to restart it in the late 1930s. He highlights Winston Churchill's prominent, yet remarkably inconsistent, role in the story and the often tumultuous diplomatic relations with the Roosevelt administration. Among the secrets Britain revealed was the cavity magnetron, which made microwave radar possible. The Tizard Mission established an effective system of teamwork for Allied technical and scientific cooperation, and it was this teamwork that proved to be a crucial factor in Allied technical superiority. It was also the beginning of the much longer story of Anglo-American scientific and technical cooperation. The Tizard Mission served as a model for the international technical cooperation that continues today in organizations such as NATO.
All technologies differ from one another. They are as varied as humanity's interaction with the physical world. Even people attempting to do the same thing produce multiple technologies. For example, John H. White discovered more than l 1000 patents in the 19th century for locomotive smokestacks. Yet all technologies are processes by which humans seek to control their physical environment and bend nature to their purposes. All technologies are alike. The tension between likeness and difference runs through this collection of papers. All focus on atmospheric flight, a twentieth-century phenomenon. But they approach the topic from different disciplinary perspectives. They ask disparate questions. And they work from distinct agendas. Collectively they help to explain what is different about aviation - how it differs from other technologies and how flight itself has varied from one time and place to another. The importance of this topic is manifest. Flight is one of the defining technologies of the twentieth century. Jay David Bolter argues in Turing's Man that certain technologies in certain ages have had the power not only to transform society but also to shape the way in which people understand their relationship with the physical world. "A defining technology," says Bolter, "resembles a magnifying glass, which collects and focuses seemingly disparate ideas in a culture into one bright, sometimes piercing ray." 2 Flight has done that for the twentieth century.
Presents a collection of personal accounts and anecdotes about the role of Canadian scientists in World War II, grouped into the following sections: the National Research Council's scientific contributions to the war effort; radar research and development; weapons and ammunition; medical research; chemical and biological research; scientific applications to naval problems; research on air force problems; operational research; cold weather operations; the Canadian nuclear project; and men who organized great scientific undertakings.