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This volume includes edited and revised versions of the papers delivered and discussed at the recent Advertising and Consumer Psychology Conference. Following the theme of the conference -- "Measuring Advertising Effectiveness" -- the book blends academic psychology, marketing theory, survey methodology, and practical experience, while simultaneously addressing the problems and limitations of advertising. Acknowledging that advertisements are subtle, diverse, complex phenomena that require detailed investigation, this compilation explores the multidimensional nature of advertising's diverse effects from both academic and applied perspectives. Updates on theories and methods -- along with expert commentaries -- help to make this a valuable collection that will be of interest to advertising and marketing specialists and communications experts alike.
This book provides in-depth empirical reports on specific topics within five general areas of tourism management and marketing: (1) scanning and sense making; (2) planning; (3) implementing; (4) evaluating actions/process and performance outcomes; and (5) administering. Offering descriptions, tools and examples of tourism management decision making, the book is useful for students in tourism and management and for tourism executives. It has 27 chapters and a subject index.
Presents answers to the following questions: how do tourists go about seeking high novelty and yet return to the same destination? How do some firms in the same industry end up embracing industrial tourism while other firms reject such business models? How do executive leadership styles affect employee satisfaction in international tourist hotels?
Find out how accurate forecasting and analysis can prevent costly mistakes! Management Science Applications in Tourism and Hospitality examines innovative tools for evaluating performance and productivity in tourism offices, hotels, and restaurants. This collection of recent studies focuses on two important topics of management science: forecasting and a relatively new analytical methodology called data envelopment analysis (DEA). This book will show you how tourism forecasting accuracy can be enhanced and how DEA can be used to benchmark productivity and improve advertisement efficiency. Management Science Applications in Tourism and Hospitality provides you with a useful blend of analysis from both theory and real-data perspectives. This book uses case studies, application techniques, and expert advice to review various productivity measurement methods and compare them to DEA, revealing DEA’s strengths, weaknesses, and its potential in the operating environment. With Management Science Applications in Tourism and Hospitality, you’ll be able to: utilize destination benchmarking perform multiunit restaurant productivity assessments using DEA conduct hotel labor productivity assessments using DEA measure and benchmark productivity in the hotel sector using DEA model tourism demand use an improved extrapolative hotel room occupancy rate forecasting technique forecast short-term planning and management for a casino buffet restaurant apply city perception analysis (CPA) for destination positioning decisions This book is generously enhanced with tables and figures to substantiate the research. Management Science Applications in Tourism and Hospitality is valuable for hospitality and tourism educators and graduate students learning and doing research in operation analysis. Savvy executives and professionals who want to improve efficiency in their industry will also benefit from the techniques illustrated in this timely guide.
In fewer than three hundred years tourism has become a global service industry of great economic, cultural and political importance. Published to critical acclaim, the Encyclopedia of Tourism - now available as a Routledge World Reference title - is the definitive one-volume reference source to this challenging multisectoral industry and multi disciplinary field of study. Comprising over one thousand entries, this volume has been written by an international team of contributors to provide a comprehensive guide to both the manifest and hidden dimensions of tourism. It explores the wide range of definitions, concepts, perspectives and institutions and includes: comprehensive coverage of key issues and concepts definitions of all terms and acronyms entries on the significant institutions, associations and journals in the field country-specific tourism profiles, from Greece to Japan and Kenya to Peru thorough analysis of the trends and patterns of tourism development and growth. The extensive cross-referencing and comprehensive index will assist the reader in making links between the diverse aspects of tourism studies, and the suggestions for further reading are invaluable.
Recently nominated one of five finalists selected for the 2005 Berry-AMA Book Prize for best book in marketing! "Tellis has done a remarkable job. He has brought together an amazingly diverse literature. Unlike some other sources that claim to be able to measure the effects of advertising, Tellis′s thoroughness and ability to understand and convey results of various experiments and statistical analyses helps the reader to separate the wheat from the chaff. Any student of advertising, whether new to the field or a seasoned veteran executive or researcher, should read this book." --Alan G. Sawyer, University of Florida Effective Advertising: How, When, and Why Advertising Works reviews and summarizes an extensive body of research on advertising effectiveness. In particular, it summarizes what we know today on when, how, and why advertising works. The primary focus of the book is on the instantaneous and carryover effects of advertising on consumer choice, sales, and market share. In addition, the book reviews research on the rich variety of ad appeals, and suggests which appeals work, and when, how, and why they work. The first comprehensive book on advertising effectiveness, Understanding Effective Advertising reviews over 50 years of research in the fields of advertising, marketing, consumer behavior, and psychology. It covers all aspects of advertising and its effect on sales, including sales elasticity, carryover effects, content effects, and effects of frequency. Author Gerard J. Tellis distills three decades of academic and professional experience into one volume that successfully dismisses many popular myths about advertising, such as: * Advertising has a powerful influence on consumers and often generates consumer need * The effects of advertising persist for decades * If an ad fails initially, repetition will ensure its ultimate success * Ads need only one to three exposures to succeed * Advertising by argument is the most effective method * The best ads are unique and original * Advertising is very profitable Tellis then provides alternatives and establishes the following truths about advertising: * Advertising is vitally important for free markets, but its action is subtle and its discovery is fragile * The effects of advertising are short-lived * If ads are not initially effective, repetition will not make them more effective * Scientific principles can show which ads work, though firms often ignore advertising research and persist with ineffective ads * Advertising by emotion may have the most effective appeal * Templates can yield very effective ads * Advertising is often unprofitable Effective Advertising will be an important addition to courses at the graduate or undergraduate level in advertising, marketing, communication, and journalism. It will also be an invaluable reference for professionals and researchers working in these fields.
This book examines issues and implications of digital and social media marketing for emerging markets. These markets necessitate substantial adaptations of developed theories and approaches employed in the Western world. The book investigates problems specific to emerging markets, while identifying new theoretical constructs and practical applications of digital marketing. It addresses topics such as electronic word of mouth (eWOM), demographic differences in digital marketing, mobile marketing, search engine advertising, among others. A radical increase in both temporal and geographical reach is empowering consumers to exert influence on brands, products, and services. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and digital media are having a significant impact on the way people communicate and fulfil their socio-economic, emotional and material needs. These technologies are also being harnessed by businesses for various purposes including distribution and selling of goods, retailing of consumer services, customer relationship management, and influencing consumer behaviour by employing digital marketing practices. This book considers this, as it examines the practice and research related to digital and social media marketing.
Content marketing is now a firmly established discipline in online marketing. But how exactly does content marketing work? What are the consequences for strategic content planning and what does valid content marketing controlling look like? This book goes beyond the usual tips on how to implement content marketing by asking what the fundamental effect of content marketing is on companies' customers and prospects. The author not only describes the requirements and procedures for the strategic design of content marketing, but also presents a comprehensive content marketing controlling framework based on the analyzed impact mechanisms. With this book, marketing managers receive a theoretical foundation of the discipline of content marketing as well as numerous recommendations for successful implementation in companies.
The metric system of measurement is a comprehensive and important part of the international measuring system and is less complicated than the United States' measurement system. The hesitation of Americans in converting to metric system has been based on fear that they will not be able to learn or comprehend the system and the cost of transition. Since the metric Conversion Act of 1975, the public is being educated toward voluntary substitution of the International System of Units (SI). The text is designed to teach principles of the metric system and encourge application of the system through practical exercises. Basic understanding and measurement development, general conversion and the system's decimal base are covered.