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Contents: IntroductionOrthomodular MeasuresGleason's TheoremJordan-Hahn DecompositionOrthofacial Sets of StatesEquational Classes Related to StatesDecomposition of Complete Orthomodular LatticesCharacterization of Dimension LatticesBirkhoff-Von Neumann TheoremCoordinatizationsKakutani-Mackey TheoremKeller's Non-Classical Hilbert Spaces Readership: Mathematician and Physicist who are interested in Hilbert Lattices.
This book provides an elementary introduction to classical analysis on normed spaces, with special attention paid to fixed points, calculus, and ordinary differential equations. It contains a full treatment of vector measures on delta rings without assuming any scalar measure theory and hence should fit well into existing courses. The relation between group representations and almost periodic functions is presented. The mean values offer an infinite-dimensional analogue of measure theory on finite-dimensional Euclidean spaces. This book is ideal for beginners who want to get through the basic material as soon as possible and then do their own research immediately.
Since its inception in the famous 1936 paper by Birkhoff and von Neumann entitled "The logic of quantum mechanics quantum logic, i.e. the logical investigation of quantum mechanics, has undergone an enormous development. Various schools of thought and approaches have emerged and there are a variety of technical results.Quantum logic is a heterogeneous field of research ranging from investigations which may be termed logical in the traditional sense to studies focusing on structures which are on the border between algebra and logic. For the latter structures the term quantum structures is appropriate. The chapters of this Handbook, which are authored by the most eminent scholars in the field, constitute a comprehensive presentation of the main schools, approaches and results in the field of quantum logic and quantum structures. Much of the material presented is of recent origin representing the frontier of the subject. The present volume focuses on quantum structures. Among the structures studied extensively in this volume are, just to name a few, Hilbert lattices, D-posets, effect algebras MV algebras, partially ordered Abelian groups and those structures underlying quantum probability.- Written by eminent scholars in the field of logic- A comprehensive presentation of the theory, approaches and results in the field of quantum logic- Volume focuses on quantum structures
Quantum statistical mechanics plays a major role in many fields such as thermodynamics, plasma physics, solid-state physics, and the study of stellar structure. While the theory of quantum harmonic oscillators is relatively simple, the case of anharmonic oscillators, a mathematical model of a localized quantum particle, is more complex and challenging. Moreover, infinite systems of interacting quantum anharmonic oscillators possess interesting ordering properties with respect to quantum stabilization. This book presents a rigorous approach to the statistical mechanics of such systems, in particular with respect to their actions on a crystal lattice. The text is addressed to both mathematicians and physicists, especially those who are concerned with the rigorous mathematical background of their results and the kind of problems that arise in quantum statistical mechanics. The reader will find here a concise collection of facts, concepts, and tools relevant for the application of path integrals and other methods based on measure and integration theory to problems of quantum physics, in particular the latest results in the mathematical theory of quantum anharmonic crystals. The methods developed in the book are also applicable to other problems involving infinitely many variables, for example, in biology and economics.
This book is the first systematic treatment of measures on projection lattices of von Neumann algebras. It presents significant recent results in this field. One part is inspired by the Generalized Gleason Theorem on extending measures on the projection lattices of von Neumann algebras to linear functionals. Applications of this principle to various problems in quantum physics are considered (hidden variable problem, Wigner type theorems, decoherence functional, etc.). Another part of the monograph deals with a fascinating interplay of algebraic properties of the projection lattice with the continuity of measures (the analysis of Jauch-Piron states, independence conditions in quantum field theory, etc.). These results have no direct analogy in the standard measure and probability theory. On the theoretical physics side, they are instrumental in recovering technical assumptions of the axiomatics of quantum theories only by considering algebraic properties of finitely additive measures (states) on quantum propositions.
The study of complementarity problems is now an interesting mathematical subject with many applications in optimization, game theory, stochastic optimal control, engineering, economics etc. This subject has deep relations with important domains of fundamental mathematics such as fixed point theory, ordered spaces, nonlinear analysis, topological degree, the study of variational inequalities and also with mathematical modeling and numerical analysis. Researchers and graduate students interested in mathematical modeling or nonlinear analysis will find here interesting and fascinating results.
Convergence Theorems for Lattice Group-valued Measures explains limit and boundedness theorems for measures taking values in abstract structures. The book begins with a historical survey about these topics since the beginning of the last century, moving on to basic notions and preliminaries on filters/ideals, lattice groups, measures and tools which are featured in the rest of this text. Readers will also find a survey on recent classical results about limit, boundedness and extension theorems for lattice group-valued measures followed by information about recent developments on these kinds of theorems and several results in the setting of filter/ideal convergence. In addition, each chapter has a general description of the topics and an appendix on random variables, concepts and lattices is also provided. Thus readers will benefit from this book through an easy-to-read historical survey about all the problems on convergence and boundedness theorems, and the techniques and tools which are used to prove the main results. The book serves as a primer for undergraduate, postgraduate and Ph. D. students on mathematical lattice and topological groups and filters, and a treatise for expert researchers who aim to extend their knowledge base.
This volume provides a broad perspective on the state of the art in the philosophy and conceptual foundations of quantum mechanics. Its essays take their starting point in the work and influence of Itamar Pitowsky, who has greatly influenced our understanding of what is characteristically non-classical about quantum probabilities and quantum logic, and this serves as a vantage point from which they reflect on key ongoing debates in the field. Readers will find a definitive and multi-faceted description of the major open questions in the foundations of quantum mechanics today, including: Is quantum mechanics a new theory of (contextual) probability? Should the quantum state be interpreted objectively or subjectively? How should probability be understood in the Everett interpretation of quantum mechanics? What are the limits of the physical implementation of computation? The impact of this volume goes beyond the exposition of Pitowsky’s influence: it provides a unique collection of essays by leading thinkers containing profound reflections on the field. Chapter 1. Classical logic, classical probability, and quantum mechanics (Samson Abramsky) Chapter 2. Why Scientific Realists Should Reject the Second Dogma of Quantum Mechanic (Valia Allori) Chapter 3. Unscrambling Subjective and Epistemic Probabilities (Guido Bacciagaluppi) Chapter 4. Wigner’s Friend as a Rational Agent (Veronika Baumann, Časlav Brukner) Chapter 5. Pitowsky's Epistemic Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics and the PBR Theorem (Yemima Ben-Menahem) Chapter 6. On the Mathematical Constitution and Explanation of Physical Facts (Joseph Berkovitz) Chapter 7. Everettian probabilities, the Deutsch-Wallace theorem and the Principal Principle (Harvey R. Brown, Gal Ben Porath) Chapter 8. ‘Two Dogmas’ Redu (Jeffrey Bub) Chapter 9. Physical Computability Theses (B. Jack Copeland, Oron Shagrir) Chapter 10. Agents in Healey’s Pragmatist Quantum Theory: A Comparison with Pitowsky’s Approach to Quantum Mechanics (Mauro Dorato) Chapter 11. Quantum Mechanics As a Theory of Observables and States and, Thereby, As a Theory of Probability (John Earman, Laura Ruetsche) Chapter 12. The Measurement Problem and two Dogmas about Quantum Mechanic (Laura Felline) Chapter 13. There Is More Than One Way to Skin a Cat: Quantum Information Principles In a Finite World(Amit Hagar) Chapter 14. Is Quantum Mechanics a New Theory of Probability? (Richard Healey) Chapter 15. Quantum Mechanics as a Theory of Probability (Meir Hemmo, Orly Shenker) Chapter 16. On the Three Types of Bell's Inequalities (Gábor Hofer-Szabó) Chapter 17. On the Descriptive Power of Probability Logic (Ehud Hrushovski) Chapter 18. The Argument against Quantum Computers (Gil Kalai) Chapter 19. Why a Relativistic Quantum Mechanical World Must be Indeterministic (Avi Levy, Meir Hemmo) Chapter 20. Subjectivists about Quantum Probabilities Should be Realists about Quantum States (Wayne C. Myrvold) Chapter 21. The Relativistic Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Argument (Michael Redhead) Chapter 22. What price statistical independence? How Einstein missed the photon.(Simon Saunders) Chapter 23. How (Maximally) Contextual is Quantum Mechanics? (Andrew W. Simmons) Chapter 24. Roots and (Re)Sources of Value (In)Definiteness Versus Contextuality (Karl Svozil) Chapter 25: Schrödinger’s Reaction to the EPR Paper (Jos Uffink) Chapter 26. Derivations of the Born Rule (Lev Vaidman) Chapter 27. Dynamical States and the Conventionality of (Non-) Classicality (Alexander Wilce).
This volume commemorates the life, work and foundational views of Kurt Gödel (1906–78), most famous for his hallmark works on the completeness of first-order logic, the incompleteness of number theory, and the consistency - with the other widely accepted axioms of set theory - of the axiom of choice and of the generalized continuum hypothesis. It explores current research, advances and ideas for future directions not only in the foundations of mathematics and logic, but also in the fields of computer science, artificial intelligence, physics, cosmology, philosophy, theology and the history of science. The discussion is supplemented by personal reflections from several scholars who knew Gödel personally, providing some interesting insights into his life. By putting his ideas and life's work into the context of current thinking and perceptions, this book will extend the impact of Gödel's fundamental work in mathematics, logic, philosophy and other disciplines for future generations of researchers.