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"It is rare to read a research report that paints such a vivid picture of preschool education across a variety of conditions. Dr. Sood utilizes qualitative and quantitative data to evaluate opportunities for early childhood education in 28 settings in Madhya Pradesh.In the process of assessing the accessibility and quality of early childhood education in the region, Dr. Sood reveals many contemporary challenges faced by government-sponsored preschool programs. She presents these concerns in the light of educational policy perspectives that have characterized the early childhood field at the state and national level for the past 40 years. By capturing the perspectives of parents and teachers through her interviews, Dr. Sood's work calls for a change in the approach to and delivery of early childhood education and challenges advocates of young children to listen and to do better" ----- Review by Dr. Suzanne Lamorey, Associate Professor, College of Education, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
The survey study was carefully crafted and executed by the team at the EdTech Research Association, with active contribution from co-author Kavita Roy, aiming to explore the intricate landscape of preschool education in India using a qualitative research design. Semi-structured interviews served as the primary method of data collection, allowing researchers to capture nuanced perspectives and experiences of parents navigating the preschool education system. The research sample, consisting of parents from diverse regions across India, was meticulously selected to represent various socio-economic backgrounds and cultural contexts prevalent in the country, ensuring comprehensive representation. Purposive sampling was utilized, considering factors such as socio-economic strata and geographic locations, resulting in a sample size of approximately 38,416 parents, derived from population size data provided by the Ministry of Finance. This calculation aimed to achieve statistical significance while encompassing a wide range of parental perspectives nationwide. In addition to interviews, a structured questionnaire gathered demographic information and insights related to parents' perceptions and experiences with preschool education, enriching the findings with qualitative depth. Participant recruitment, conducted through various channels, aimed to ensure diversity within the sample, followed by obtaining informed consent from all participants. Data collection involved meticulously conducted interviews, recorded for thematic analysis to identify recurring themes and patterns. Triangulation enhanced the validity and reliability of findings by cross-referencing interview data with demographic information. Adherence to ethical guidelines ensured participant confidentiality and respect throughout the research process, culminating in comprehensive reporting of findings through academic publications and presentations, contributing valuable insights to the field of early childhood education in India. In examining the extensive dataset derived from a survey of 38,416 parents of early childhood care and education (ECCE) children across India, a plethora of insights emerged, offering profound implications for policy and practice in preschool education. The analysis explored various dimensions, from socio-economic and geographical factors influencing parental choices to perspectives on inclusive education and the impact of preschool on parental expectations and aspirations. Key findings revealed the complex interplay of family wealth, regional accessibility, and caste dynamics in parental decision-making, with nuanced approaches evident in balancing affordability with educational standards specific to localities. Challenges in accessing quality preschools were illuminated, underscoring the imperative of equitable distribution of educational resources. Parental perspectives on inclusive preschool education emphasized the importance of fostering acceptance, respect for diversity, and equity, calling for policies promoting inclusivity. Recommendations for policy and practice highlighted the need for advocacy, collaboration, professional development, parental involvement, and research-driven initiatives, reflecting a holistic approach to enhancing preschool education. In conclusion, the dataset provided a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted challenges and opportunities in preschool education in India, urging policymakers, educators, and stakeholders to collaborate in building an inclusive, high-quality preschool education system meeting the diverse needs of children nationwide.
This volume makes a comprehensive assessment of the status and quality of early educational experiences at preschool and early primary grades in India. It raises a serious concern that despite high enrolment in preschools, children’s school readiness levels remain low at ages five and six, and raises a vital question---are Indian children getting a sound foundation for school and for later life? It addresses three important issues from the Indian perspective: children's school readiness at age five; families' readiness for school; and, most importantly, the readiness of schools for children. India is one of many countries across the global South facing an early learning crisis. High quality early childhood education may be key to improving these outcomes for children, yet little is known about early childhood education programs in India and their impact on children’s school readiness. This volume is based on a longitudinal, mixed methods research study which is perhaps the first of its kind in India. The study covers public provisions along with steadily expanding private pre-schools and schools in rural India and provides interesting narratives and insights into the multiple pathways children are adopting in these critical early years, particularly in the context of the expanding role of the private sector. Written in a lucid and narrative style, this volume is of interest to a diverse readership of researchers, educationists and early childhood education policy makers and practitioners in terms of both its design and findings.
This Report is one of the first comprehensive studies on young children in India. It focuses on children under 6 years of age and presents key aspects of their well-being and development. With the highest number of neonatal, infant and under-5 deaths in the world, there is an urgent need to address issues that continue to affect the young child in India. This volume: Introduces two young child indices aggregating selected indicators to separately track child outcomes and child circumstances. Provides an account of the current situation of the young child in terms of physical and cognitive development, access to care, disadvantaged children and major issues that have led to the continued neglect of this age group. Explores the policy and legal framework, fiscal space and the role and obligations of key stakeholders, including the state, private sector, civil society, media and the family. Highlights key recommendations and action points that can help to improve the ecosystem for early childhood care and development. Drawing on specially commissioned technical background papers, supplemented by extensive field experience of Mobile Creches in childcare, this Report will be of interest to practitioners, policymakers and influencers, think tanks and researchers of public policy, development studies, human rights, sociology and social anthropology, as well as general readers. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.tandfebooks.com/doi/view/10.4324/9781003026488, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. .
Early Childhood Education encompasses an interlinked gamut of elements critical for a child's cognitive social and emotional development. The first six years of development in a child's life are critical to their overall development and well-being. According to UNICEF, 'Investing in Early Childhood Development is one of the most cost-efficient and powerful strategies to achieve fair and sustainable development. India's development trajectory is critically linked to investments in healthcare and education. Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is firmly anchored on investing in human capital and inclusive growth. Anganwadi Centers, part of the Integrated Child Development Services program, provides essential early childhood services offered by the ICDS across the lengths and breadth of the country. They cater to India's challenge of providing nutrition and healthcare options to children and mothers through counseling, pre-school education, immunization, and the supply of medical, health, and nutritional resources. The environment, inputs, and support that children receive in their first eight years will have an enormous impact on the rest of their lives - not only in terms of their performance in school but on a wide range of other outcomes that extend far beyond school. In recent years India has made significant progress in strengthening the policy framework for early childhood. The Government of India released the National Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) Policy in 2013, and subsequently a National Curriculum Framework and Quality Standards. Together, these documents provide a comprehensive framework for promoting access, equity, and quality in ECCE. State governments have designed their curricula in the light of this national framework. For the preprimary education sector, smartphones are envisioned to help in delivering a meaningful early childhood education, with autonomy to reflect the local context and the setting. ICT-driven innovative approaches have been contributing to the service delivery of the Anganwadi centers. This would call for investments in high-quality interventions for young children and are therefore cost-effective ways of improving outcomes both for individual children, especially in the case of vulnerable or disadvantaged children, and for the society as a whole. This paper also includes an operational model that could be implemented for "quick-wins" by leveraging technology to achieve short term and medium terms gains. The paper lays out activities that could be carried in a typical rural Aaganwadi settings and using ICT to enhance its current functioning. Finally, the paper concludes by suggesting pathways forward on the potential of using ICT for enhancing the quality of ECE.
This is a comprehensive, detailed account of the complex state of Universal Preschool (UPK) in the United States. As discussions regarding access, equity, and the societal value of early childhood education enter into the public forum, this book offers critical perspectives for next steps. The authors join the synergy of wonder to the practicality of wisdom to navigate complicated systems of power, relationships, and discourse. Cross-sector efforts to address planning and implementation of UPK are examined while acknowledging the current inequitable nature of the field. The book is a cautionary tale that includes historical and current vignettes showing that some issues in UPK collaboratives are constant across time. To bring the discussion alive, a variety of stakeholder perspectives offer insights into the “why” behind policy decisions. Reshaping Universal Preschool will help stakeholders explore, reflect, and apply lessons learned to existing or potential UPK collaborative efforts. Book Features: Honors and illustrates perspectives from the participants—families, teachers, support staff, administrators, researchers, and policymakers.Considers the complicated nature of perceived power among stakeholders.Offers pragmatic suggestions to consider while engaging in policy changes that affect early childhood practice.Provides insight on collaborative practices building up from early education to the larger educational context.Contains reflective questions to help readers apply the research and concepts to their own practice, situation, and communities.
Early childhood education the world over is heavily influenced by Western discourses which emphasize play-based, child centered education. Dr Viruru offers an alternative understanding of preschool education from the postcolonial perspective which does not aim at discovering universal laws that will be valid regardless of contexts. She emphasizes the need for meaningful and respectful interactions with children as complete human beings and stresses that early childhood education should be constructed on the basis of the lived experiences of individual children rather than on collective anonymity. Perhaps the first full-length study to explore current issues in early childhood education through the lens of postcolonial theory, this book will be of considerable value to those involved in education, child development, developmental psychology, social anthropology and sociology.
Presenting to you, with immense pleasure, the book "India's National Education Policy 2020." This book is released at a critical juncture in the history of Indian education, heralding in a new age committed to overhauling and reviving our educational landscape. You are about to go out on a fascinating voyage through the NEP 2020's comprehensive framework, investigating the game-changing tactics meant to advance India's educational system into the future. You will be guided through this significant journey by this book. By continuously redefining educational boundaries, NEP 2020 challenges the existing quo and fosters inventiveness in the field of education. This policy stands out from the others and demonstrates India's dedication to promoting an inclusive, equal, and superior educational system. It is driven by an unwavering commitment to making sure all students, regardless of circumstances, have the chance to thrive and realize their full potential. This demonstrates India's aspiration for a better, more educated future. In "India's National Education Policy 2020," we honor educators, legislators, and visionaries who have devoted their lives to developing a policy that caters to the various requirements of the Indian people. From early childhood care and education to higher education and vocational training, each chapter explains the tenets and regulations that form the foundation of the NEP 2020. The main objectives of the strategy and the revolutionary changes intended to influence the direction of Indian education are encapsulated in this book. We encourage you to embark on a journey of discovery, examining the evolution of India's educational policy from their historical foundations to the cutting-edge reforms of today, through captivating narratives, insightful analyses, and complete coverage of the NEP 2020. You will be guided through the policy's objectives as it relates to providing inclusive, egalitarian, and comprehensive education.