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Approximately 1,000 problems — with answers and solutions included at the back of the book — illustrate such topics as random events, random variables, limit theorems, Markov processes, and much more.
Probability and Mathematical Statistics: An Introduction provides a well-balanced first introduction to probability theory and mathematical statistics. This book is organized into two sections encompassing nine chapters. The first part deals with the concept and elementary properties of probability space, and random variables and their probability distributions. This part also considers the principles of limit theorems, the distribution of random variables, and the so-called student's distribution. The second part explores pertinent topics in mathematical statistics, including the concept of sampling, estimation, and hypotheses testing. This book is intended primarily for undergraduate statistics students.
Sets and classes; Calculus; Linear Algebra; Probability; Random variables and their probability distributions; Moments and generating functions; Random vectors; Some special distributions; Limit theorems; Sample moments and their distributions; The theory of point estimation; Neyman-pearson theory of testing of hypotheses; Some further results on hypotheses testing; Confidence estimation; The general linear hypothesis; nonparametric statistical inference; Sequential statistical inference.
The second part (Chapters 4-6) provides a foundation of stochastic analysis, gives information on basic models of random processes and tools to study them. Here a certain familiarity with elements of functional analysis is necessary. Important material is presented in the form of examples to keep readers involved. Audience: This is a concise textbook for a graduate level course, with carefully selected topics representing the most important areas of modern probability, random processes and statistics.
Probability Theory: A Historical Sketch covers the probability theory, mainly axiomatization problems. The book discusses the prehistory of the probability theory; the first stage in the development of probability theory; and the development of probability theory to the middle of the 19th century. The text also describes the probability theory in the second half of the 19th century; and the axiomatic foundations of the probability theory. Historians and mathematicians will find the book invaluable.
It is well known that contemporary mathematics includes many disci plines. Among them the most important are: set theory, algebra, topology, geometry, functional analysis, probability theory, the theory of differential equations and some others. Furthermore, every mathematical discipline consists of several large sections in which specific problems are investigated and the corresponding technique is developed. For example, in general topology we have the following extensive chap ters: the theory of compact extensions of topological spaces, the theory of continuous mappings, cardinal-valued characteristics of topological spaces, the theory of set-valued (multi-valued) mappings, etc. Modern algebra is featured by the following domains: linear algebra, group theory, the theory of rings, universal algebras, lattice theory, category theory, and so on. Concerning modern probability theory, we can easily see that the clas sification of its domains is much more extensive: measure theory on ab stract spaces, Borel and cylindrical measures in infinite-dimensional vector spaces, classical limit theorems, ergodic theory, general stochastic processes, Markov processes, stochastical equations, mathematical statistics, informa tion theory and many others.
This book develops the theory of probability and mathematical statistics with the goal of analyzing real-world data. Throughout the text, the R package is used to compute probabilities, check analytically computed answers, simulate probability distributions, illustrate answers with appropriate graphics, and help students develop intuition surrounding probability and statistics. Examples, demonstrations, and exercises in the R programming language serve to reinforce ideas and facilitate understanding and confidence. The book’s Chapter Highlights provide a summary of key concepts, while the examples utilizing R within the chapters are instructive and practical. Exercises that focus on real-world applications without sacrificing mathematical rigor are included, along with more than 200 figures that help clarify both concepts and applications. In addition, the book features two helpful appendices: annotated solutions to 700 exercises and a Review of Useful Math. Written for use in applied masters classes, Probability and Mathematical Statistics: Theory, Applications, and Practice in R is also suitable for advanced undergraduates and for self-study by applied mathematicians and statisticians and qualitatively inclined engineers and scientists.
Mathematical Theory of Probability and Statistics focuses on the contributions and influence of Richard von Mises on the processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in the mathematical theory of probability and statistics. The publication first elaborates on fundamentals, general label space, and basic properties of distributions. Discussions focus on Gaussian distribution, Poisson distribution, mean value variance and other moments, non-countable label space, basic assumptions, operations, and distribution function. The text then ponders on examples of combined operations and summation of chance variables characteristic function. The book takes a look at the asymptotic distribution of the sum of chance variables and probability inference. Topics include inference from a finite number of observations, law of large numbers, asymptotic distributions, limit distribution of the sum of independent discrete random variables, probability of the sum of rare events, and probability density. The text also focuses on the introduction to the theory of statistical functions and multivariate statistics. The publication is a dependable source of information for researchers interested in the mathematical theory of probability and statistics
The book is a collection of 80 short and self-contained lectures covering most of the topics that are usually taught in intermediate courses in probability theory and mathematical statistics. There are hundreds of examples, solved exercises and detailed derivations of important results. The step-by-step approach makes the book easy to understand and ideal for self-study. One of the main aims of the book is to be a time saver: it contains several results and proofs, especially on probability distributions, that are hard to find in standard references and are scattered here and there in more specialistic books. The topics covered by the book are as follows. PART 1 - MATHEMATICAL TOOLS: set theory, permutations, combinations, partitions, sequences and limits, review of differentiation and integration rules, the Gamma and Beta functions. PART 2 - FUNDAMENTALS OF PROBABILITY: events, probability, independence, conditional probability, Bayes' rule, random variables and random vectors, expected value, variance, covariance, correlation, covariance matrix, conditional distributions and conditional expectation, independent variables, indicator functions. PART 3 - ADDITIONAL TOPICS IN PROBABILITY THEORY: probabilistic inequalities, construction of probability distributions, transformations of probability distributions, moments and cross-moments, moment generating functions, characteristic functions. PART 4 - PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS: Bernoulli, binomial, Poisson, uniform, exponential, normal, Chi-square, Gamma, Student's t, F, multinomial, multivariate normal, multivariate Student's t, Wishart. PART 5 - MORE DETAILS ABOUT THE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION: linear combinations, quadratic forms, partitions. PART 6 - ASYMPTOTIC THEORY: sequences of random vectors and random variables, pointwise convergence, almost sure convergence, convergence in probability, mean-square convergence, convergence in distribution, relations between modes of convergence, Laws of Large Numbers, Central Limit Theorems, Continuous Mapping Theorem, Slutsky's Theorem. PART 7 - FUNDAMENTALS OF STATISTICS: statistical inference, point estimation, set estimation, hypothesis testing, statistical inferences about the mean, statistical inferences about the variance.