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America is abundant in opportunity and is a beautiful, prosperous, wealthy and powerful nation. Yet, we have an urgency to rebuild our crumpling infrastructure, materialistic and social. We have the Means, Will and Reasons. The opportunity to create prosperity greater than the New Deal of the 1930s is present. Since 1945 the America government and American tourists have spent trillions rebuilding nations and their economies while ignoring our needs. America has an undeniable destiny, to provide the best for its people, and through diplomacy, statesmanship and leadership, bring prosperity, liberty, freedom and democracy throughout the world. However, to achieve our potential, we must create a bold plan of action, a joint local, state and federal Marshall Plan and Revitalization effort that will rebuild our infrastructure, address our social needs, educate our people, increase our resources and strengthen our military. America, with the blessing of GOD and the Historical Courage and Fortitude of its people, will realize its destiny.
The Marshall Plan has been heralded as one of the most important and successful foreign policies of this century. Historians generally agree that it was precisely the right medicine needed to heal wounds and restore confidence on both sides of the Atlantic following the destructive Second World War. It has also been credited with helping contain the spread of communism and providing the foundation for an enduring alliance that has produced years of peace in Europe. The Marshall Plan, however, has also been criticized as a selfish U.S. endeavor and a program that divided Europe. The purpose of this essay is to investigate the role of this widely acclaimed plan in U.S. post-war interests in Europe. It includes analyses of the plan's origins, goals, mechanics, and overall effectiveness. It also examines both the short and long-term economic, political and military significance of the Marshall Plan, including its relationship to the Truman Doctrine and containment policy. Finally, it focuses on how this historic plan helped further U.S. interests by forging a collective security mechanism and a strong economic political and military alliance network that has shaped Western Europe as it is known today.
A re-interpretation of the Marshall Plan, as an extension of strategic American policy, views the plan as the "brainchild" of the New Deal coalition of progressive private and political interests.
In this landmark, character-driven history, Greg Behrman tells the story of the Marshall Plan, the unprecedented and audacious policy through which America helped rebuild World War II-ravaged Western Europe. With nuanced, vivid prose, Behrman recreates the story of a unique American enterprise that was at once strategic, altruistic and stunningly effective, and of a time when America stood as a beacon of generosity and moral leadership. When World War II ended in Europe, the continent lay in tatters. Tens of millions of people had been killed. Ancient cities had been demolished. The economic, financial and commercial foundations of Europe were in shambles. Western Europe's Communist parties -- feeding off people's want and despair -- were flourishing as, to the east, Stalin's Soviet Union emerged as the sole superpower on the continent. The Marshall Plan was a four-year, $13 billion (more than $100 billion in today's dollars) plan to provide assistance for Europe's economic recovery. More than an aid program, it sought to modernize Western Europe's economies and launch them on a path to prosperity and integration; to restore Western Europe's faith in democracy and capitalism; to enmesh the region firmly in a Western economic association and eventually a military alliance. It was the linchpin of America's strategy to meet the Soviet threat. It helped to trigger the Cold War and, eventually, to win it. Through detailed and exhaustive research, Behrman brings this vital and dramatic epoch to life and animates the personalities that shaped it. The narrative follows the six extraordinary American statesmen -- George Marshall, Will Clayton, Arthur Vandenberg, Richard Bissell, Paul Hoffman and W. Averell Harriman -- who devised and implemented the Plan, as well as some of the century's most important personalities -- Winston Churchill, Josef Stalin, Joseph McCarthy -- who are also central players in the drama told here. More than a humanitarian endeavor, the Marshall Plan was one of the most effective foreign policies in all of American history, in large part because, as Behrman writes, it was born and executed in a time when American "foreign policy was defined by its national interests and the very best of ideals."
Traces the history of the Marshall Plan and the efforts to reconstruct western Europe as a bulwark against communist authoritarianism during a two-year period that saw the collapse of postwar U.S.-Soviet relations and the beginning of the Cold War.
The success of the Marshall Plan in the rebuilding of a Europe devastated by World War II required the challenging efforts of many men and women. 140 Marshall Plan participants attended a commemorative conference at George Washington University on June 2, l997, the fiftieth anniversary of the Plan's announcement, along with other distinguished leaders from the United States and beneficiary countries of Western Europe. The Marshall Plan From Those Who Made it Succeed includes both conference proceedings and brief narrative memoirs of participants. Interest generated by the conference and lessons learned from the Marshall Plan's success will appeal to foreign affairs students, faculty, government officials, historians, financial assistance agencies, diplomats, and citizens at home and abroad, particularly from countries receiving Marshall Plan assistance.
Between 1948 and 1951, the Marshall Plan delivered an unprecedented $12.3 billion in U.S. aid to help Western European countries recover from the destruction of the Second World War, and forestall Communist influence in that region. The Marshall Plan: A New Deal for Europe examines the aid program, its ideological origins and explores how ideas about an Americanized world order inspired and influenced the Marshall Plan’s creation and execution. The book provides a much-needed re-examination of the Plan, enabling students to understand its immediate impact and its political, social, and cultural legacy. Including essential primary documents, this concise book will be a key resource for students of America’s role in the world at mid-century.
Pisani shows how the U. S. added a Cold War Corollary to the principle of self-determination: massive foreign aid and nonmilitary covert operations to reshape war-torn Europe in the image of the U. S. She tells, for the first time, the story of the top CIA operatives who were instrumental in developing the non-military covert intervention policies of the early Cold War years and the Office of Policy Coordination that carried them out.
The text focuses first on the impact of the Marshall plan on the organization of political and economic life in post-war Europe and how the plan was perceived in European public opinion. It then examines its role in the construction of European union and in the division of Europe. Finally, the book analyzes the debate about the economic impact of the Marshall Plan in the post-war economic "miracle" in Western Europe. The authors of these chapters are well-known historians, economists, and political scientists, whose original chapters derive from their work on post-war Europe.